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Activity Sheet for English 8
Quarter 4 – Week 2 – MELC 2
Expanding the Content of an
Outline Using Notes from Primary and Secondary Sources
REGION VI – WESTERN VISAYAS
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An overview of the development of indian literature, tracing its origins from the oral tradition of the vedas to the emergence of classical poetry and modern indian literature. It covers the key literary works and genres that have shaped the rich and diverse literary landscape of india, including the mahabharata, ramayana, and the works of notable poets like kalidasa. The document also discusses the influence of western literary and philosophical writings on the cultural revival in india, as well as the mixed feelings towards writing in english in the post-independence era. This information could be useful for students studying the history and evolution of indian literature, as well as those interested in understanding the cultural and linguistic diversity that has characterized the literary traditions of the indian subcontinent.
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2023/2024
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Activity Sheet for English 8
Quarter 4 – Week 2 – MELC 2
Expanding the Content of an
Outline Using Notes from Primary and Secondary Sources
REGION VI – WESTERN VISAYAS
Expanding the content of an outline using notes from primary and secondary sources Primary sources consist of original, first hand documents such as creative works, research studies, diaries and letters, or interviews made by you. They are the documents or artifacts closest to the topic of investigation. Often, they are created during the time period which is being studied (correspondence, diaries, newspapers, government document, art) but they can also be produced later by eyewitnesses or participants (memoirs, oral histories). You may find primary sources in their original format (usually in an archive) or reproduced in a variety of ways: books, microfilm, digital, etc. Secondary sources , on the other hand, are comments about primary sources such as analyses of creative works or original research, or historical interpretations of diaries and letters. They often describe or explain primary sources. Some secondary sources not only analyze primary sources, but also use them to argue or persuade the reader to hold a certain opinion. Secondary sources are not evidence, but a commentary on and discussion of evidence. In writing your paper or researches, you may use a combination of these sources. Reducing complex material to its outline form will make you understand the material fast and easy. What is an outline? And how do you prepare a reading outline? An outline is a framework or a plan showing the essential features of a composition. There are two types of outlines: Topic outline and the Sentence outline. A topic outline uses only key words or phrases in the headings and sub-headings while the sentence outline uses a complete sentence. Headings and sub- headings are also known as topics or subtopics. Each sub-heading or sub-topic must relate to the heading or topic. When you do Outlining keep these points in mind:
- Read the material and determine its purpose and structure.
- Pick out the writer‘s thesis statement or controlling principle; if it is not explicitly stated, express it in your own words.
- Look for the major divisions and label each with a Roman numeral.
- Divide each major division into subdivisions.
- Check whether the divisions and subdivisions relate to the thesis statement or the purpose of the writer.
- Compare your outline with the original material to check against any misinterpretation or distortion of the content and structure of the original. The following is a sample topic outline: Bicycle Riding: An Efficient Mode of Transportation
ACTIVITY
Activity 1: Identify whether the following sources of information is Primary or secondary sources. Write P for primary and S for secondary. 1.Letters 6. Speeches
- Birth certificate 7. Video Recordings
- Textbooks 8. Commentaries, criticisms
- Websites 9. Audio recordings
- Memoirs 10. Interviews REFLECTION What I Have Learned: Assess your learning progress by answering the following questions
- What is outlining?
- Why do we need to use outlining?
- How can you develop your skill in outlining?
****************************** SUMMATIVE TEST #2 *****************************
Directions: Read the selection about Characteristic of Indian literature then fill out the outline of the development of Indian literature. Use Topic outline to fill out the outline. CHARACTERISTICS OF INDIAN LITERATURE Sanskrit literature originated with an oral tradition that produced the Vedic holy texts, sometime after 1500 B.C. The Aryans, who came from Central Asia bringing their own Gods with them, memorized these sacred literatures, the Vedas, which means ―knowledge. The oldest of these holy works is the Rig Veda - ―the Veda of praise - a collection of 1017 hymns addressed to the various Gods of the Aryans. After the Rig Veda , came the Brahmanas , which codified the rituals and prayers of the Brahmins, the priests of the Aryans. The Brahmanas were followed by the Upanishads , which were discourses between teachers and pupils. Then came the Puranas , which were essentially the history of the Aryan race and its relationship with the gods. The two most famous Puranic epics are the Mahabhrata and the Ramayana , which have since been used as the sources of countless literary works. The Mahabharata interwove ideas about cosmology, statecraft, philosophy and the science of war into its stories of the deeds of Gods and men. It was considered to be the longest poem in any language. The Ramayana simply recounted a sequence of heroic adventures, many of them with moral undertones. When Sanskrit grammar was evolved beginning about 400 B.C., the literary works aimed to put in order all learning in the form of laws for the arts and sciences, called shastras, as well as poetry and stylized drama. Prior to this, the Indian constitution recognized several official languages. This resulted in the production of regional literature. Major writers such as Bhartrihari, and Mayura emerged when classical poetry reached its peak in the 7th century A.D. Kalidasa, one of the notable poets, is better known for his play Sakuntala. Modern Indian literature started with establishment of civil service training schools and printing presses early in the 19th century. Western literary and philosophical writings produced a cultural revival, while vernacular language and culture was taught to British colonial officials. Twentieth-century writing has managed to keep alive the sentimental romanticism of the 19th century, while nationalist leaders such as Mahatma Gandhi influenced the development of social realism in the earlier works. Writing in English was viewed with mixed feelings in post-Independence India but was well established nevertheless. Pioneers in this field included Michael Dutt (1824-73) and Sudhindranath Tagore (1901-60), and Sri Aurobindo. Sarojini Naidu achieved fame both as a poet in English and as patriot.