Relative clause introduction ppt, Slides of English

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RELATIVE

CLAUSES

Topic:

Teacher:……………….

(M ệnh đ ề quan h ệ)

Ex 1: This is the bank. It was robbed yesterday.

Example

This is the bank which was robbed

yesterday.

Ex 3: This is the police station. She reported the theft there.

Example

This is the police station where she reported the

theft.

Ex 3: The woman is phoning. Her car is in the garage.

Example

The woman whose car is in the garage is phoning.

Ex 3: The man works in the post office. You talked to him.

Example

The man whom you talked to works in the post office.

Example

The man whom you talked to works in the post office.

Sunday is the day when the museum is closed.

The woman whose car is in the garage is phoning.

This is the police station where she reported the theft.

This is the girl who called the police.

This is the bank which was robbed yesterday.

ĐTQH Thay th ế cho Ch ức năng Example

Who

Whom

Which

Whose

That

N ch ngỉ ười

Làm S

Làm O

N ch vỉ ật / s ự vi ệc

Làm S & O

2. Cách dùng đ ại t ừ quan hệ

N ch ngỉ ười và v ật

TTSH (my, her …)

S ở h ữu cách (’s)

Ch sỉ ự s ở h ữu

This is the girl who called

the police.

The man whom you talked to

works in the post office.

• This is the bank which was

robbed yesterday.

The woman whose car is in

the garage is phoning.

• This is the book which I like best.

N + who + V

N + whom + S + V

N + which (+ S) + V

N + whose + N + V

Các trường hợp thường dùng “that”:

Sau các so sánh nhất.

Sau các từ: the only, the first, the last, ...

Sau N ch cỉ ả người và vật.

That

Ex:

He is the most interesting person that I have ever

met.

Note: “That” không dùng trong mệnh đề quan hệ không

xác định, hoặc sau giới từ.

Có th ể thay thế:

 Note:

When

Where

Why

=

=

=

on / in / at which

on / in / at which

for which

Sunday is the day when the museum is closed.

 Sunday is the day on which the museum is closed.

This is the police station where she reported the theft.

 This is the police station in which she reported the theft.

I don’t know the reason why you didn’t go to school.

 I don’t know the reason for which you didn’t go to school.

4. Các lo ại m ệnh đ ề quan hệ

Relative

clauses

Defining

relative

clauses

Non-defining

relative

clauses

(MĐQH hạn định)

(MĐQH không hạn định)

• Không cần thiết, có th ể có

ho ặc không.

• Có d ấu (,) ngăn cách v ới MĐ chính.

Cần thiết, không th ể thi ếu.

Không có d ấu (,)

MĐQH n ối ti ếp

• B ắt đ ầu v ới “which” đ ể b ổ sung

nghĩa cho c ả m ệnh đ ề tr ước.

• Có d ấu (,)

Ex: Jack did really well in his exams,

which is quite a surprise.

Non-defining relative

clauses

(MĐQH không hạn định)

• Xu ất hi ện khi danh từ đứng trước đ ại t ừ quan h ệ:

Là một danh từ riêng (Vietnam, Mary, Tom ….)

Có tính từ chỉ định (this/ that/ these/ those)

Có tính từ sở hữu (my/ his/ her/ your/ their/ our/ its)

Có sở hữu cách (Tom’s, …)

Ex:

Nha Trang, which I visited last summer, is really

beautiful.

Non-defining relative

clauses

(MĐQH không hạn định)

• Không dùng “ THAT” trong MĐQH không giới hạn.
• Không được bỏ các đại từ quan hệ làm O (who, whom,

which) và các trạng từ quan hệ trong MĐQH không giới

hạn.

5. Gi ới t ừ trong m ệnh đ ề quan hệ

N ếu gi ới t ừ là thành ph ần c ủa c ụm đ ộng t ừ thì giữ

nguyên gi ới t ừ sau đ ộng t ừ.

Ex: Did you find the world which you were looking up?

Các cụm từ chỉ số lượng some of, none of … được

dùng trước whom, which.

Ex: I have two children, both of whom are excellent

students.

6. Rút g ọn m ệnh đ ề quan hệ

M ệnh đ ề

quan hệ

Rút g ọn Example

V

ở d ạng ch ủ đ ộng

V-ing

That man, who is standing over there, is

my best friend.

 That man, standing over there, is my

best friend

V

ở d ạng b đ ị ộng

Ved

The boy who was injured in the accident

was taken to the hospital.

 The boy injured in the accident was

taken to the hospital.