DNA Replication: Terms and Definitions, Quizzes of Genetics

Definitions for various terms related to dna replication, including theta replication, rolling circle replication, origins of replication, dna synthesis, dna polymerases, initiator proteins, dna helicases, and more. It covers both bacterial and eukaryotic dna replication.

Typology: Quizzes

2011/2012

Uploaded on 05/05/2012

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TERM 1
what is THETA replication?
DEFINITION 1
is a type of replication common in E. coli and other
organisms possessing circular DNA
TERM 2
what is ROLLING CIRCLE replication? an
example?
DEFINITION 2
another mode by which DNA may be replicated, used by
some viruses and plasmidsF plasmid
TERM 3
how many origins is used for linear DNA
replication that takes place in eukaryotic
chromosomes
DEFINITION 3
multiple origins
TERM 4
how is new DNA synthesized?
DEFINITION 4
from dNTP
TERM 5
where does nucleotide incorporation occur?
DEFINITION 5
occurs only at the 3' end of the newly synthesized strand
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what is THETA replication?

is a type of replication common in E. coli and other

organisms possessing circular DNA

TERM 2

what is ROLLING CIRCLE replication? an

example?

DEFINITION 2

another mode by which DNA may be replicated, used by

some viruses and plasmidsF plasmid

TERM 3

how many origins is used for linear DNA

replication that takes place in eukaryotic

chromosomes

DEFINITION 3

multiple origins

TERM 4

how is new DNA synthesized?

DEFINITION 4

from dNTP

TERM 5

where does nucleotide incorporation occur?

DEFINITION 5

occurs only at the 3' end of the newly synthesized strand

DNA synthesis is ____ on one template strand

of DNA and ____on the other

continuousdiscontinuous

TERM 7

what are the 4 main stages of Bacterial DNA

replication?

DEFINITION 7

initiationunwindingelongationtermination

TERM 8

when does E. coli DNA replication

begin?

DEFINITION 8

when initiator proteins binds to ORIc in the origin of

replication

TERM 9

how does DNA helicase unwind DNA?

DEFINITION 9

unwinds DNA by binding to the lagging-strand template at

each replication fork and moving in the 5'-->3' direction

TERM 10

what is the role of PRIMASE?

DEFINITION 10

synthesizes short stretches of RNA nucleotides, providing a

3' OH group to which DNA polymerase can add DNA

nucleotides

SINGLE STRAN BINDING PROTEINS

attach to single0stranded DNA and prevents secondary

structures from forming

TERM 17

DNA

GYRASE

DEFINITION 17

moves ahead of the replication fork, making and resealing

breaks in the double-helical DNA to release the torque that

builds up as a result of unwinding at the replication fork

TERM 18

DNA

PRIMASE

DEFINITION 18

synthesizes a short RNA primer to provide a 3; OH group for

the attachment of DNA nucleotides

TERM 19

DNA POLYMERASE III

DEFINITION 19

elongates a new nucleotides strand from the 3'OH group

provided by the primer

TERM 20

DNA POLYMERASE I

DEFINITION 20

removes RNA primers and replaces them with DNA

TERMINATION OF REPLICATION in E. Coli

termination simply occurs upon meeting of the 2 replication

forksORtermination sequences boud by termination proteins

(Tus) block helicase activity, so replication halts

TERM 22

what is the fidelity of replication due to?

DEFINITION 22

the high accuracy of nucleotide selection by the polymerase

during elongationProof reading ability of

polymeraseMIsmatch repair

TERM 23

what does eukaryotic DNA replication require?

DEFINITION 23

multiple origins or replicationlicensing of replication

originsmany forms of DNA polymerase

TERM 24

what are quickly assembled onto newly

synthesized DNA?

DEFINITION 24

nucleosomes

TERM 25

which enzyme is responsible for the

replication of chromosome ends?

DEFINITION 25

TELOMERASE

when does gene conversion take place?

through the repair of mismatched bases in heteroduplex DNA