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Research method and research praposal, Study notes of Research Methods in Psychology

University of KelaniyaResearch Methods in Psychology

It is important for research praposal.research method with various subject.

Typology: Study notes

2022/2023

Available from 06/06/2025

subodhani-rathnayaka
subodhani-rathnayaka 🇱🇰

11 documents

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1
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01.ud;Dldj
02.m¾fhaIKh ye¢kaùu'
03.miqìu'
04.m¾fhaIK .eg¨j'
05.m¾fhaIK m%Yak'
06.m¾fhaIKfha wruqKq'
07.kHdhsl jeo.;alu'
08.m%dfhda.sl jeo.;alu'
09.m¾fhaIKfha mrdih'
10.m¾fhaIKfha iSudjka'
11.ixl,amSh ks¾jpk'
12.wdY%s; .%ka: kdudj,sh'
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01 .ud;Dldj 02 .m¾fhaIKh ye¢kaùu' 03 .miqìu' 04 .m¾fhaIK .eg¨j' 05 .m¾fhaIK m%Yak' 06 .m¾fhaIKfha wruqKq' 07 .kHdhsl jeo.;alu' 08 .m%dfhda.sl jeo.;alu' 09 .m¾fhaIKfha mrdih' 10 .m¾fhaIKfha iSudjka' 11 .ixl,amSh ks¾jpk' 12 .wdY%s; .%ka: kdudj,sh'

ud;Dldj-foaY.=Ksl úm¾hdi wdydr yd udkqI fi!LH'

m¾fhaIKh ye¢kaùu'

foaY.=Ksl úm¾hdi mßirh"ck;dj yd wdydr iqrlaIs;;dj flfrys oreKq yßflak l=Kdgq";dm ;rx.h hkdÈh u.ska n,mEï we;s lrhs'tlai;a ckmofha NASA iy NOAA hk wdh;k fol fmkajd fokafka j¾;udkfha f,dalfha foaY.=K úm¾hdi ksielj u isÿfjñka mj;sk nj;a"ñksidf.a l%shdldrlï ta i|yd n,mdk nj;a h'2010 § National Research Council ys ks.ukh jQfha o foaY.=K úm¾hdi oekgu;a isÿfjñka mj;sk nj;a tajdhska udkqI yd iajNdúl moaO;sj,g mq¿,a mrdihl n,mEï we;s úh yels nj;a h'IPCC ixúOdkh u.ska 2014 § ksl=;a l< jd¾;dj m%ldY lr we;af;a ñksia l%shdldrlï fya;=fjka foaY.=K moaO;s WKqiqï ùu fkdje<elaúh yels nj;a tuksid we;s jk foaY.=Ksl fjkialï iSud lsÍug jdhqf.da,hg isÿjk yß;d.dr jdhq úfudapkh wvq l< hq;= nj;a h'f.da,Sh WIaK;ajh ksr;=reju by< hdu"id.r WKqiqï ùu"j¾Idm;k yd ysum;k rgd fjkiaùu"uqyqÿ uÜgu by< hdu"uqyqÿ whsia yels,Su"id.rhkays wdï,sl;djh by< hdu"i;a;aj yd Ydl jdiNQñ ú;ekaùu jeks úúO fya;= idOl ksid f,dalfha foaY.=Kh fjkia fjñka mj;sk nj ks.ukh l< yel' foaY.=Ksl úm¾hdi ñksidf.a fi!LHhg"lDIsl¾udka;hg yd W!kfmdaIKhg úúO wdldrfhka n,mdhs'tu wxY flfrys n,mEu ms<sn| ck;dj ukdj oekqj;a jk úg foaY.=Ksl úm¾hdi flfrys n,mdk yß;d.dr úfudapkhka wvq lsÍu i|yd l%shdud¾. .; hq;af;a wehs oehs hkak ms<sn|j wjfndaOhla ,efnhs'túg isÿùug kshñ; fjkialï i|yd ck;djg ksjerÈ j iQodkï úh yel' c¾uka fjdÉ ^German Watch& ixúOdkfha 2020 f.da,Sh foaY.=Ksl wjodkï oYlhg wkqj" foaY.=Ksl úm¾hdij,g f.dÿre ùfï wjodku iys; rgj,a w;r" yhjk ia:dkhg Y%S ,xldj m;aúh' tlai;a cd;Skaf.a Y%S ,xld udOH uOHia:dkh o i|yka lrkafka" Y%S ,xldj ¥m;a rdcHhla f,i uqyqÿ uÜgu by<hEfï ;¾ckhg;a" wêl jeis" .xj;=r" kdhhdï" úh<s ld,.=Kh fukau wkfmalaIs; iajdNdúl úm;a wjodkula we;s rgla njhs'foaY.=K l%shdj,sh ixlS¾K" tlsfkl iuÕ wka;¾ l%shdj,shl iïnkaO;djhla we;s" jdhqf.da,h" f.dvìu" whsia yd ysu" id.r yd wfkl=;a c, moaO;sj,ska iukaú; jQjla jk w;r tu foaY.=K moaO;s ioyd wjYH Yla;sh iQ¾h úlsrK uÕska ,nd fokq ,nhs' f*dis, bkaOk oykh jeä jYfhka isÿ ùu foaY.=K úm¾hdi yg .ekSug m%Odk fya;=j ù we;' Y%S ,xldfõ foaY.=Ksl úm¾hdi wdydr ñksid yd mßirh flfrys we;s lrk n,mEu ms<sn| fuys§ wjOdkh fhduq lrhs'tjeks n,mEï y÷kd .ksñka ta i|yd .; hq;= l%shdud¾. ms<sn| wjOdkh fhduq lsÍug wjYH fõ'j¾;udkfha isÿfjñka mj;sk foaY.=Ksl úm¾hdi j,g iajNdúl fya;+ka n,mdk njla fkdfmfka'j¾;udk foaY.=Ksl úm¾hdi j,g m%Odk fya;=j f,i ie,flkafka l¾udka; úma,jh wjêfha

miqìu'

wêl wdka;sl WIaK;ajhka iy wêl ;dm ;rx. ixLHdj by< hdu fya;=fjka flkavd fmr,Su"wd.d;h iy weo jeàu jeks wdndO j,g uqyqK §ug isÿ fõ'Y%S ,xldfõ jeäysá jhia ldKavhg wh;a ck ixLHdj 2011 § ñ,shk 2'57 isg 2071 § ñ,shk 6' olajd jeäjkq we;ehs m%lafIamKh lr ;sfí' fï ksid jeäysá ck ixLHd wkqmd;slh 2011 § ishhg 12'5 isg 2071 § ishhg 33'3 olajd by< hkq we;ehs úYajdi lr;s'foaY.=Ksl úm¾hdi ms<sn|j f,dj mqrd fuf,i wjodkula mj;s§;a Èjhsfka ck ixLHdj fõ.fhka úhm;a ck;djla njg m;a ùu Tjqkaf.a /ljrKh"fi!LH fiajd yd fmdaIKh hkdÈh flfrys uy;a .eg¿jla we;s lrkq we;' Y%S ,xldj jkdys ksj¾;k l,dmh ;=< bkaÈhdkq id.rfha msysá l=vd Èjhskls' m%lafIams; foaY.=Ksl úm¾hdi j,g fukau tu ksid we;súh yels uqyqÿ c, uÜgu by< hdfï ;¾ckhg o wksjd¾hfhka u f.dÿre ùu fkdje<elaúh yels lreKls' foaY.=Ksl úm¾hdi hkq f.da,Sh ;¾ckhls'ta i|yd foaYSh l%shdud¾.j,ska muKla úi÷ï fiúh fkdyel'ta fyhska fuu foaY.=Ksl úm¾hdi j,g uqyqK §u i|yd wka;¾cd;sl iyfhda.h o we;sj cd;sl uÜgfï jevms<sfj<la ieliSug wjYH fõ'ta i|yd Y%S ,xldfõ foaY.=Ksl úm¾hdi f,alï ld¾hd,h úiska jevigyka lsysmhl lsysmhla Èh;a lr ;sfí'

  • ksoiqka(cd;sl foaY.=Ksl úm¾hdi ms<sn| wkqj¾;k l%fudamdhka bÈßm;a lsÍu'(NCCAS)
  • cd;sl foaY.=Ksl úm¾hdi m%;sm;a;s m%ldYkh t<soelaùu'(NCCP)
  • cd;sl foaY.=Ksl úm¾hdi wkqj¾;k ie,eiau iïmdokh.(NAP) fuu.ska rfgys foaY.=Ksl úm¾hdi j,g f.dÿre fjk m%Odk wxY 09la i|yd wkqj¾;k wjYH;d bÈßm;a fldg ;sfí'tf,i y÷kd.;a wdxY w;r mßir moaO;sh yd ffcj úúO;ajh"wdydr iqrlaIs;;djh yd udkqIsl fi!LH ms<sn| wjOdkh fhduq lr ;sfí'tfiau foaY.=Ksl úm¾hdi fya;=fjka fnda." i;a;aj ksIamdokh yd ëjr l¾udka;h hk lafIa;% flfrys we;súh yels whym;a n,mEï iïnkaOj ld,Skj l%shd lrñka wdydr ksIamdokhg we;sjk n,mEu wju lr wdydr iqrlaIs; njh ;yjqre lsÍu u.ska ukao fmdaIKh wju lr.; yel'wdydr ksIamdokfha § idïm%odhsl oekqu;a tys Ndú;hka y÷kd .ekSu iy m%j¾Okh lsÍu ;=<ska foaY.=Ksl m%;Hia:"mßir ys;ldó "kj ;dlaIKh flfrys Wkkaÿ lrùu isÿl< yel'foaY.=Ksl úm¾hdij, n,mEï wju lsÍug jeo.;au úi÷u jkafka jkdka;rhs' f*dis, bkaOk oykh lsÍfuka ksl=;a jk CO2 j,ska 1$3 la ldnka vfhdlaihsâ fgdka ì,shk 2'6la iEu jirlu jkdka;r u.ska wjfYdaIKh lr .kS' tneúka jkdka;r jeä lsÍu iy kv;a;= lsÍu foaY.=Ksl úm¾hdi i|yd w;HjYH úi÷uls'

m¾fhaIK .eg¨j'

fuys§ Y%S ,xldfõ foaY.=Ksl úm¾hdi ñksiqkaf.a wdydr ysÕlu ksid we;sjk ukao fmdaIKhg yd udkqI fi!LHhg ie,lsh hq;= f,i n,mdkafka o hkak ;SrKh lrhs'ksj¾;k Èjhskla jk Y%S ,xldj foaY.=Ksl úm¾hdi n,mEï j,g oeä j f.dÿre fjhs'tys§ úfYaIfhka u Y%S ,xldj ;=< foaY.=Ksl úm¾hdi j,g Yla;su;a f,i uqyqK §ug wjYH úê úOdk ie,iqï lr fkd;sîu;a foaY.=Ksl úm¾hdi ;=<ska ck;djg we;sjk .eg¿ ms<sn|j n,OdÍkaf.a wjOdkh fhduq fkdùu fuu ukao fmdaIK ;;a;aj iy ñksidf.a fi!LH .eg¨ we;sùug iDcqj u n,mEï we;s lrhs'f,dalfha <uqka ñ,shk 52la ;Sj% f,i ukaofmdaIKfhka fmf<k w;r thska ñ,shk 29 la oreKq f,i ukao fmdaIKfhka fmf<a'foaY.=Ksl úm¾hdi wdydr iqrlaIs;;djh flfrys n,mdk ish¨ udkhka flfrys n,mEï we;s lrhs'Y%S ,xldfõ ish¨ wxY w;ßka jvd;au foaY.=Khg ixfõ§ wxY f,i ie,flkqfha lDIsl¾uhhs'uE;l§ Odrdksmd; jeis iy whym;a ld,.=K ;;a;ajh ksid lDIs ksIamdokh iy f.dúm< j;alug isÿ jQ ydksh iq¿ mgq fkdfõ'rfgys jeä ck fldgilf.a Ôjk meje;au foaY.=Khg w;sYhskau ixfõ§ lDIsl¾uh u; r|d meje;au wdydr iqrlaIs;;dj oeä wjodkulg ,la lrhs'tu ksid cd;sl wkqj¾;k ie,iqï lsÍu ;=<ska wdydr iqrlaIs;;djh ms<sn| úfYaI wjOdkhla m< lsÍu w;HjYH fkdfõ o@tfiau Y%S ,xldfõ uE;l isg frda. jix.; f,i we;sùu yd me;sÍu jeäfjñka mj;S'

  • ksoiqka( uef,aßhdj"fvx.= jix.;h' uE;l isg fld<U we;=¿ m%Odk kd.ßl l,dmhka ;=< fvx.= jix.;h YS>%fhka me;srhdfï wjOdkula mj;S'tfukau wêl kd.kSlrKh fukau"ld,.=Ksl yd mdßißl fjkialï ksid frda. jix.; f,i w¨;a m%foaYj,g me;sÍu ms<sn|j n,OdÍka úiska wjOdkh fhduq l< hq;=h' foaY.=Ksl úm¾hdih i|yd oekg mj;akd wkqj¾;k ie,iqï f,i mj;sk úêúOdk m%udKj;a fkdùu ;=<ska fndfyda ñksiqka m%udKhla wdydr ysÕlu ksid we;sjk W!k fmdaIKh ;;a;ajhkaj,g yd fvx.= frda.h"uef,aßhdj jeks jix.; j,g fukau ;j;a frda. j,g f.dÿre fjhs' úfYaIfhka u foaY.=Ksl úm¾hdi hkq f.da,Sh ;¾ckhla ksid thg cd;sl uÜgñka muKla úi÷ï fiúh fkdyel'tuksid ta i|yd wka;¾cd;sl iyfhda.h o we;sj cd;sl uÜgfï jevms<sfj<la ilia lsÍu isÿl< hq;= h' cd;sl foaY.=Ksl úm¾hdi wkqj¾;k ie,eiau tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdk jev rduqfjys ud¾f.damfoaY wkqj ie,iqï l< w;r th 2016)2025 ld, mßÉfþoh i|yd bÈßm;a l< ie,eiauls'tys§ foaY.=Ksl úm¾hdi j,g f.dÿre jk Y%S ,xldfõ m%Odk wxY flfrys wjOdkh fhduq lrk ,§'kuq;a o< foaYSh ksIamdokh i|yd lDIsld¾ñl wxYfha odhl;ajh 10$100 olajd my; jeà ;snqK o rfÜ Y%u n,ldfhka 30$100 la ;ju;a lDIsl¾udka;fha kshqla;j isá'rfgys f.dúhkaf.ka jeäfokd È<s÷ núka mSvd ú¢k iy Ôj;a jk whhs'Y%S ,dxlsl ck;dj fõ.fhka úhm;a jk ck;djla nj fmfkk fyhska

m¾fhaIK m%Yak'

foaY.=Ksl úm¾hdi ksid we;sjk ukao fmdaIK ;;a;aj iy fi!LH .eg¨ m%foaYfhka m%foaYhg fjkia jkafka o@ hkak fidhd ne,Su fuys§ jeo.;a fjhs'foaY.=Ksl úm¾hdi f,dalfha fukau Y%S ,xldfõ o úúO m%foaYj,g we;s lrkafka úúO n,mEï h'iuyr m%foaY wfkla m%foaYj,g jvd WKqiqï jkq we;'iuyr m%foaYj,g jeä j¾Idm;khla ,efnkq we;s w;r ;j;a iuyr m%foaYj,g ksh. j,g uqyqK §ug isÿjkq we;af;a h'

  • ksoiqka(idudkH WIaK;ajh uOHu l÷lrfhys YS;, kqjrt<sfha fikaáf.a%â 16 la jeks my< w.hl isg kef.kysr fjrf<ys msysá ;%sl=Kdu,fha § fikaáf.a%â wxYl 32 la olajd fjkia fõ'uqyqÿ iq<xj, n,mEu fya;=fjka fjr< m%foaYh ;rula isis,a fjhs' Y%S ,xldfõ j¾Idm;kfhys m%dfoaYSh fjkialï fya;=fjka Èjhsk ;=< f;;a l,dmh" úh<s l,dmh" w;rueÈ l,dmh hkqfjka mq¿,a foaY.=Ksl l,dm ;=kla y÷kd .; yel'foaY.=Ksl úm¾hdi ,xldfõ m%foaYj,g taldldÍ n,mEula we;s fkdlrk w;r wdydr iqrlaIs;;dj ms<sn| is;k úg iuyr m%foaY tu.ska jdis w;alr .kakd w;r iuyr m%foaY wjdisodhl ;;a;aj we;s lr .kS'
  • ksoiqka(Y%S ,xldfõ f;;a l,dmfha j.djka j¾Id c,h u; fmdaIKh fõ' kuq;a ksß; È. fudaiï u.ska ,efnk j¾Idj kshñ; ld,hg fkd,eîu" wêl j¾Idjla ,eîfuka c, w;sßla;hla we;s ùu" tfuka u jefvk ld,fha § jeis fkd,eîu wdÈh ksid j.d úkdY fõ' úh<s l,dmfha uy lkakfha j¾Idm;kfhka o h, lkakfha c, iïmdokfhka o ù k.dj lrhs' tu m%foaYj, o wjYH ld,fha§ jeis fkd,eîu c,h is£hdu" wkjYH ld,fha§ wêl jeis ksid .x.d" we, fod, yd jeõ msgdr .e,Su wdÈh ksid j.d úkdY fõ' tfiau kqjrt<sh m%foaYfha jefjk úh<s foaY.=Kshla wjYH j.djkaj,g kshñ; ld,j, § th fkd,eîu;a"uvl,mqj jeks m<d;aj, j.d lrk iS; foaY.=Khla wjYH j.d j,g kshñ; ld, j,§ th fkd,eîu;a ksid j.d ydks fjhs'fï u.ska fnda.j.d j,g ydks ùu ksid ta m%foaYj, ck;dj úúO wdldrfhka ukaofmdaIK ;;a;ajhka j,g f.dÿre fõ'tfiau YS; m%foaYj, ck;djg úh<s ld, j,§ úúO frda. j,g f.dÿre ùu;a úh<s m%foaYj, Ôj;ajk ck;dj .xj;=r"j¾Idm;kh jeks wdmodj,g uqyqK §fï§ úúO fi!LH .eg¨jg uqyqK §u;a ksid ta m%foaYj, ck;dj fjkia wdldrfhka ukaofmdaIK iy fi!LH j,g uqyqK §u isÿ fõ'

foaY.=Ksl úm¾hdi ksid we;sjk ukaofmdaIK ;;a;aj yd fi!LH .eg¨ ñksidf.a wd¾:slhg fln÷ wdldrfhka n,mdkafka oehs fuys§ .fõIKhg ,la l< hq;= m%Yakhls'foaY.=Ksl úm¾hdi mdßißl fuka u iudc"foaYmd,ksl"wd¾:sl fuka u ;dlaIKsl .eg¨jla o fõ'foaY.=Kh WKqiqï ùu iu. isÿjk j¾Idm;kh ;Sj% ùu .xj;=r we;s ùug fndfyda ÿrg fya;= fõ'fuu l=Kdgq c, .e,Sï iu. ldKq moaO;sj, wmsßisÿ u,my iys; c,h ñY% ùfuka úúO f,v frda. jix.; f,i me;sf¾'tu jix.;j,ska mSvd ú§u ksid fndfyda ck;djg wd¾:sl ;;a;ajhg uqyqK §ug we;s yelshdj wju ù hhs'f.dùka"lïlrejka"l=,S lrejka jeks tod fõ, msßuid .ekSug fjr oru fndfyda m%foaYj, Ôj;a jk ck;djg fuh w;sYhska u .eg¨jls'tu wd¾:sl lvd jeàu yuqfõ ;j;a fndfyda Ôjk m%Yakj,g Tjqkag uqyqK §ug isÿ fõ'tfiau ish¨u ixj¾Okh fjñka mj;akd rgj, jhi wjqreÿ 5Ü wvq <uqkf.ka ñ,shk 165la muK ñá wh fõ'tfiau f,dj <ud urK w;ßka ishhg 35 la ukaofmdaIKh ksid isÿ fõ'l=vd <uqka hkq wkd.;fha § rfÜ wd¾:slhg j. lsj hq;= mqoa.,hka fõ'tfiau wdydr ys.lu yuqfõ ck;dj blaukska úhm;a ùu ksid /lshd ia:dkj, fiajh lsÍug mjd fkdyels ;;a;ajhka Wod fõ'fï ksid mjq,aj, fuka u rfÜ wd¾:slhg o fuh iDcqj fyda jl%dldrj n,mEï we;s lrhs' foaY.=Ksl úm¾hdij,g wkqj¾;k ie,iqï jeäÈhqKq lsÍu ;=<ska ñksidf.a fi!LH .eg¨j,g yd ukaofmdaIKg ke;fyd;a wdydr ys.lug ms<s;=re ,efnkafka o@hkak úuid ne,Su jeo.;a fõ'n,OdÍka úiska wkqj¾;k ie,iqï bÈßm;a lsÍu muKla m%udKj;a fkdjk w;r tajd wkq.ukh lsÍug rfÜ mSã; ck;djg yels jkafka o@ tajd m%dfhda.sl jkafka o@ tu wkqj¾;k ie,iqï ck;djg l=uk wdldrfhka l%shd;aul l< yels o@ iy tfia lsÍfuka ñksid mSvd úÈk tk ;;a;ajhka u. yefrkafka o@ hkak fidhd ne,sh hq;= h'wdydr iqrlaIs;j nj mj;skqfha iEu fokdgu iEu úglu m%udKj;a wdrlaIdldÍ iy fmdaIodhS wdydr i|yd fN!;sl"iudÔh yd wd¾:sl ysñlula mj;sk úg h'túg Tjqkag l%shdldÍ yd ukao fmdaIKfhka f;dr ksfrda.S Ôú;hla i|yd wjYH wdydr wjYH;d iy wNsreÑh we;sfjhs'fuu ixl,amh mjq,la i|yd fhdod .ekSfuka mjq,l wdydr iqrlaIs;j Ndjh wjfndaO lr.; yel'tfy;a fuys§ wjOdkh fhduq jkqfha mjq,lg jvd tu mjqf,a ;ks mqoa.,hka iïnkaO jh'Èjhsfkys wdydr iqrlaIs;j nj ioyd fNda. ksIamdok"fldrgq j.djka fia .efkk t<j¿ iy m<;=re j.dj"i;a;aj ksIamdok jk lsß iy uia fuka u úúO ëjr ksIamdok o we;=<;a fldg we;'kuq;a Y%S ,xldfõ wdydr iqrlaIs; Njh ms<sn| wkqj¾;k ie,iqï j,§ u;=ù fmfkk .eg¨ lsysmhls'tkï Y%S ,xldj iy,a ksIamdokh w;ska iajhxfmdaIs; fõ"tfyhska iy,a wdhd;h oeä f,i iSud lr ;sfí'tkuqÿ Y%S ,xldj fiiq w;HdjYH wdydr .Kkdjla wdkhkh lrhs'tfiau f.dúhkaf.ka jeä fofkla È<s÷ núka mSvd ú§'tfyhska cd;sl wkqj¾;k ie,iqïj,§ wdydr iqrlaIs;jNdjh ms<sn| jeä wjOdkhla fhduq l< hq;= h'ke;skï fndfyda ,dxlslhka uqyqK fok ukaofmdaIKh ;;a;ajhka Èfkka Èk ;Sj% jkq we;'tfiau fi!LH .eg¨ ms<sn| j o rfÜ iEu ck;djlg u wkqj¾;kg ùug yels f,i ie,iqï bÈßm;a l< hq;= h'tuksid ish¨u ck;djg fmdÿ f,i ie,iqï bÈßm;a lsÍfuka je<lS ta

m¾fhaIKfha wruqK

  • foaY.=Ksl wkqj¾;k ie,iqï wjqreoaola ;=<§ ñksiqkaf.a ukaofmdaIKhg iy fi!LHhg we;s l< n,mEu ;lafiare lsÍu'
  • Y%S ,xldfõ ck;dj w;r foaY.=Ksl úm¾hdi yd ukao fmdaIKh udkqIsl fi!LHh w;r iy iïnkaO;djh mÍlaId lsÍu'
  • úúO m<d;aj, Ôj;ajk ck;djg foaY.=Ksl úm¾hdi ksid we;s jkakd jQ n,mEu ixikaokh lsÍu'
  • foaY.=Ksl úm¾hdij, n,mEu ukaofmdaIKhg yd fi!LHhg we;s lrk n,mEu jißka jir fjkia jk wdldrh we.hSu'
  • foaY.=Ksl úm¾hdi ksid we;sjkakd jQ n,mEï wju lsÍug l%uj;a yd m%dfhda.sl wkqj¾;k ie,iqï .fõIKh lsÍu'
  • oekg mj;akd wkqj¾;k ie,iqïj, mj;sk wvq ¨yqvqlï imqrd .ksñka fi!LH .eg¿ j,ska yd ukaofmdaIKfhka f;dr bÈß o¾Ykhla ms<sn|j Wml,amkh lsÍu'
  • ieug iudkj wkq.ukh l< yels wkqj¾;k ie,iqï ms<sn| yd bÈßfha § we;súh yels foaY.=Ksl úm¾hdi j,g wjYH wkqj¾;k ie,iqï mqfrdal:kh lsÍu'

m¾fhaIKfha jeo.;alu

kHdhsl jeo.;alu' foaY.=Ksl wkqj¾;k ie,iqïj, mj;sk id¾:l nj iy wid¾:l nj;a tu.ska ukaofmdaIKh yd udkqI fi!LH muKla fkdj úúO f,v frda. j,g we;s lrk n,mEu wju lsÍug odhl jk wdldrh fmkajd fohs'tfiau foaY.=Ksl úm¾hdi" wkqj¾;k ie,iqï iy ñksidf.a fi!LH"ukao fmdaIKh w;r iy iïnkaO;djh ms<sn| kj idlaIs iemhSfuka m¾fhaIKh idys;Hfha ysveila msrùug odhl fõ' tfiau fuu m¾fhaIKfhka kj ixl,am fyda wdlD;s fhdackd lsÍfï yelshdjla mj;S' fuys§ foaY.=Ksl úm¾hdi ksid we;sjk ukao fmdaIK iy udkqI fi!LH .eg¿ úi£ug fhdod .; yels kj wkqj¾;k ie,iqï y÷kajd §ug m¾fhaIKh odhl fõ' mj;sk ie,iqï mq¿,a lsÍug;a" jvd;a m%dfhda.sl lsÍug;a" ieug iudkj l%shd;aul l< yels whqßka ie,iqï bÈßm;a lsÍu;a isÿlrhs' tfiau foaY.=Ksl úm¾hdi ksid w;S;fha yd j¾;udkfha isÿ jQ wdmodjka yd tu.ska we;s jQ úm;a ms<sn| ixikaokh lrñka wkd.;fha § we;súh yels .eg¨ ms<sn| mqfrdal:kh lr ta i|yd .; hq;= wkqj¾;k ie,iqï mßl,amkh lsÍug wjldY ,ndfohs' tfiau fuu m¾fhaIKh ;=<ska wd¾:sl" foaYmd,k"iudc"wOHdmksl yd fi!LH jeks úúO lafIa;%j,g m%dfhda.sl oekqula ,nd§ug yelshdj mj;S' ;jo fuu m¾fhaIKh u.ska kj l%ufõo fhdackd lrhs' foaY.=Ksl úm¾hdi ;=<ska we;sjk ukao fmdaIKh yd udkqI fi!LHhg we;sjk n,mEï ms<sn|j;a fuf;la wjOdkh fkdjQ lafIa;%hkag tuÕska we;s lrk n,mEu;a kj wkqj¾;k ie,iqï l%u ms<sn|j;a wkqj¾;k ie,iqï ilia lsÍfï§ wjOdkh fhduq l< hq;= lreKq ms<sn|j;a y÷kajd §ug odhl fõ'

m¾fhaIKfha mrdih

fuu m¾fhaIKfha § wkqj¾;k ie,iqï yd ñksiqkaf.a fi!LH"ukao fmdaIKh w;r we;s iyiïnkaO;djh úu¾Ykh lrhs'wkqj¾;k ie,iqï j¾."tajd l%shd;aul lrk wdldrh"ñksiqkaf.a fi!LHhkag we;s lrk n,mEu úuid ne,Sug wfmalaId flf¾' tfia fuu m¾fhaIKh f,dalfha jeä jYfhka foaY.=Ksl úm¾hdi j,g uqyqK fok rgla jk Y%S ,xldfõ m<d;a ms<sn| isÿ flf¾'tfiau Y%S ,xldfõ úúO m<d;aj, jeä jYfhka foaY.=Ksl úm¾hdi ksid ukao fmdaIK yd fi!LH .eg¨j,g uqyqK fok ck;dj fuu m¾fhaIKhg wod< fjhs' fuu m¾fhaIKhg Y%S ,xldfõ fndfyda f,i foaY.=Ksl úm¾hdi j,g uqyqK fok m<d;aj, Ôj;a jk ñksiqkaf.a ukao fmdaIKh yd wdydr ysÕlu;a"fi!LH .eg¨j,ska mSä; ck;dj;a wod< fõ' tfiau foaY.=Ksl úm¾hdi j,g wod< wkqj¾;k ie,iqï wkq.ukh lrñka tuÕska ;u .eg¿ úi|d.kakd fyda úiod fkd.kakd ck;dj óg wh;a fõ' fuu m¾fhaIKh 2024 j¾Ifha § isÿ flf¾'m¾fhaIK lghq;= i|yd wjYH o;a; tl;= lsÍu yd úfYaIKh foaY.=Ksl úm¾hdi ksid we;sjk wdmod ;;a;ajhka ;=<§ o tu.ska mSä; ck;djf.a È.= ld,Sk n,mEï úu¾Ykh lsÍfï § isÿ flf¾'

wOHhkfha iSudjka

fuu m¾fhaIKhg Y%S ,xldfõ foaY.=Ksl úm¾hdi j,ska mSvd úÈk úúO m<d;aj, ck;dj muKla iSud jk w;r f,dafla fjk;a rgj,aj, foaY.=Ksl úm¾hdi j,g uqyqK fok ck;dj wh;a fkdfõ' foaY.=Ksl úm¾hdi ksid we;sfjk n,mEï j,g fhdod .kakd wkqj¾;k ie,iqïj, È.=ld,Sk n,mEï ms<sn| mqfrdal:kh lsÍug wmyiq h' ñksiqkaf.a uqo,a ysÕlu "iïm;a ysÕlu" Yla;sh fkdue;slu jeks nysr idOl m%;sM, j,g n,mEï lrhs'tfiau wkqj¾;k ie,iqï bÈßm;a lrkakkaf.a ysÕlu"iEu me;slvla u wdjrKh jk ie,iqï bÈßm;a l< fkdyels ùu"tu ie,iqï ksid ;j;a lafIa;%hlg we;sjk wys;lr n,mEï yd iuyr foaY.=Ksl úm¾hdi j,g bÈßm;a lr we;s ie,iqï m%udKj;a fkdùu jeks ndOl yd iSudjka mek ke.sh yel'

wdY%s; .%ka: kdudj,sh'

01 .Okmd,"ta'tÉ'^2012&'ñysuv, WKqiqï ùu yd foaY.=Kh fjkiaùï'iriú m%ldYk'

  1. Okmd,"ta'tÉ'^2013&'wdmod l<ukdlrKh'iriú m%ldYk'
  2. Okmd,"ta'tÉ'^2008&'mD:sú ld,.=Kh yd foaY.=Kh'iriú m%ldYk' wka;¾cd, fjí msgq uQ,dY%' 01 .Kure,Rangani.(2020,June 15).Climate change.efl.lk.Retrieved November 12,2024,from https://efl.lk/climate_change_sinhala/.