Docsity
Docsity
Prepare for your exams
Prepare for your exams

Study with the several resources on Docsity

Earn points to download
Earn points to download

Earn points by helping other students or get them with a premium plan

Guidelines and tips
Guidelines and tips
Sell on Docsity
Sell on Docsity
Docsity AI
Docsity AI
Log inSign up

Prepare for your exams

Study with the several resources on Docsity

Find documents

Prepare for your exams with the study notes shared by other students like you on Docsity

Search for your university

Find the specific documents for your university's exams

Docsity AINEW

Summarize your documents, ask them questions, convert them into quizzes and concept maps

Explore questions

Clear up your doubts by reading the answers to questions asked by your fellow students

Earn points to download

Earn points by helping other students or get them with a premium plan

Share documents
download point icon20 Points

For each uploaded document

Answer questions
download point icon5 Points

For each given answer (max 1 per day)

All the ways to get free points
Get points immediately

Choose a premium plan with all the points you need

Study Opportunities

Choose your next study program

Get in touch with the best universities in the world. Search through thousands of universities and official partners

Community

Ask the community

Ask the community for help and clear up your study doubts

Free resources

Our save-the-student-ebooks!

Download our free guides on studying techniques, anxiety management strategies, and thesis advice from Docsity tutors

Research Methods & Statistics, Exams of Advanced Education

University of WitwatersrandAdvanced Education

Research Methods & Statistics Study Guide

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 11/18/2024

simon-waithaka
simon-waithaka 🇺🇸

228 documents

1 / 8

Toggle sidebar

This page cannot be seen from the preview

Don't miss anything!

bg1
Research Methods &
Statistics
10. In multiple regression, an inverse correlation between a predictor and the criterion: - Is indicted by a
negative regression coefficient
1. When calculating the standard error of the mean, - The standard error of the mean will decrease as
sample size increases
2. A research study examined the relationship between television viewing habits and academic
achievement test scores. The results showed that children who watched more television generally had
lower test scores. The Pearson-product moment correlation coefficient was -.81. What is the proportion
of variance of achievement test scores that is accounted for by television viewing? - .66
3. The parents of an 8-year old girl believed that their daughter may be child prodigy. The young girl was
given the WISC and received a score of 145. Years later, the girl was re-tested at the age of 15. Her
second score on the WISC was 130. Which of the following 4 factors best accounts for this decline in IQ
score? - Statistical regression
4. To use scores obtained on the eight subscales of the Parental Activities Scale to predict scores on the
five subscales of the Child Adjustment Profile, you would use: - Canonical correlation
5. A psychologist working at an alcohol rehabilitation clinic is conducting a study to determine if
treatment length is related to relapse. She adds four weeks to the standard 12-week program and
randomly assigns one-half of the current clinic clients to the extended 16-week treatment and the other
half' to the standard 12-week treatment. Relapse is measured as the number of times an individual
drinks during the 3 months following the end of his or her treatment program. The appropriate
correlation coefficient for the data collected in this study is: - Point biserial
6. You conduct a research study to assess the effects of T.V. violence on aggressive behavior. You plan to
observe sixteen children during recess for three days and calculate their average number of aggressive
acts. You will then have all children observe aggressive T.V. programs for three hours and again observe
the children during recess for three days and calculate their average number of aggressive acts. To
analyze the data you collect, you will use which of the following: - T-test for correlated samples
pf3
pf4
pf5
pf8

Partial preview of the text

Download Research Methods & Statistics and more Exams Advanced Education in PDF only on Docsity!

Research Methods &

Statistics

  1. In multiple regression, an inverse correlation between a predictor and the criterion: - Is indicted by a negative regression coefficient
  2. When calculating the standard error of the mean, - The standard error of the mean will decrease as sample size increases
  3. A research study examined the relationship between television viewing habits and academic achievement test scores. The results showed that children who watched more television generally had lower test scores. The Pearson-product moment correlation coefficient was -.81. What is the proportion of variance of achievement test scores that is accounted for by television viewing? -.
  4. The parents of an 8-year old girl believed that their daughter may be child prodigy. The young girl was given the WISC and received a score of 145. Years later, the girl was re-tested at the age of 15. Her second score on the WISC was 130. Which of the following 4 factors best accounts for this decline in IQ score? - Statistical regression
  5. To use scores obtained on the eight subscales of the Parental Activities Scale to predict scores on the five subscales of the Child Adjustment Profile, you would use: - Canonical correlation
  6. A psychologist working at an alcohol rehabilitation clinic is conducting a study to determine if treatment length is related to relapse. She adds four weeks to the standard 12-week program and randomly assigns one-half of the current clinic clients to the extended 16-week treatment and the other half' to the standard 12-week treatment. Relapse is measured as the number of times an individual drinks during the 3 months following the end of his or her treatment program. The appropriate correlation coefficient for the data collected in this study is: - Point biserial
  7. You conduct a research study to assess the effects of T.V. violence on aggressive behavior. You plan to observe sixteen children during recess for three days and calculate their average number of aggressive acts. You will then have all children observe aggressive T.V. programs for three hours and again observe the children during recess for three days and calculate their average number of aggressive acts. To analyze the data you collect, you will use which of the following: - T-test for correlated samples
  1. The biggest threat to the internal validity of the above research study is - History
  2. Dr. Muzak wants to determine if background music (music versus no music) affects performance on three different cognitive tasks. Subjects will receive all combinations of all levels of music and task, but they will be administered in a different order to different subgroups of subjects. This is an example of which research design: - Latin Square
  3. The owner of several used-car lots wants to determine the effectiveness of sales training for his salespeople. He randomly assigns one of his lots to Training Program #1, another to Training Program #2, and a third to a no-treatment condition. It turns out that one of the training group lots is in a low- income neighborhood, while the other two lots are in a middle-income neighborhood. The owner will compare the gross sales of the three lots during a randomly-chosen week in the middle of the summer after the training programs have been completed. The effects of the location of the car lots: - Is a threat to internal validity
  4. When using the time-sampling technique: - An observation is made at pre-specified intervals, and whether or not the behaviour was occurring at that time is recorded
  5. To assess the effectiveness of differential reinforcement for alleviating a child's bad habits (i.e., nail biting, thumb-sucking, hair-pulling, and pencil-chewing), the best research design would be which of the following. - Multiple baseline
  6. Stepwise multiple regression would be most useful for - Identifying the smallest number of predictors needed to accurately predict scores on a criterion.
  7. A research study includes three independent variables and four dependent variables. All of the dependent variables are measured on an interval or ratio scale. To control the "experimentwise error rate," it would be best to use which of the following statistical tests to analyze the data collected in this study. - MANOVA
  8. Autocorrelation would most likely be a problem when an investigator uses which of the following research designs. - Time-series
  1. When conducting a research study, you want to ensure that you will detect a difference between the treatment group and the control (no treatment) group. Therefore, you will. - Increase experimental variance by increasing the magnitude of the independent variable.
  2. A researcher conducts an experiment to determine if Treatment A is more effective than Treatments B, C, and D for reducing cigarette smoking. The researcher randomly assigns 200 volunteers to one of the four treatment groups (A, B, C, or D). Treatment outcome is assessed by comparing the mean number of cigarettes smoked by subjects in each group 30 days after completing their treatment programs. The best statistical test for analyzing the data collected in this study would be which of the following. - One-way analysis of variance.
  3. When conducting a research study to test the effects of two weight reduction programs on weight loss, you decide to match clients in terms of age, weight, and socioeconomic status before you assign them to groups. By doing this, you are. - Trying to control systematic variance.
  4. Your research study involves assessing the effects of two independent variables on three dependent variables. In this situation, you would choose to conduct a MANOVA to analyze the data you collect rather than separate factorial ANOVAs in order to. - Control the experimentwise error rate
  5. When assessing the reliability and validity of a job selection test, your sample includes current employees who are all doing fairly well on the job. The nature of your sample will most likely have which of the following effects. - It will deflate the reliability and validity coefficients.
  6. When using an ABAB research design, causality is suggested when. - The target behaviour reverts to original baseline levels when the treatment is withdrawn.
  7. An assumption for a one-way ANOVA is violated. The best course of action would be to use which of the following to analyze the data. - Kruskal-Wallis
  8. When using the analysis of variance, calculation of the adding involves. - Comparing between-group variability to within-group variability
  9. If the relationship between level of anxiety (the independent variable) and number of words recalled (the dependent variable) is nonlinear, which of the following would be most useful for statistically evaluating the relationship between the two variables. - Trend analysis
  1. A researcher would use stepwise multiple regression when she wants to. - Identify the fewest number of predictors needed to account for criterion variability.
  2. To use two or more categorical variables to predict status on a single categorical variable, you would use which of the following. - Logit analysis
  3. You conduct a research study to compare the effects of four weight-loss programs. To compare the average weight lost by participants in the four groups, you could conduct either a series of t-tests or a one-way ANOVA. You decide to use the one-way ANOVA because its use. - Will decrease the likelihood that you will make a Type I error.
  4. LISREL is used to analyze. - Unidirectional and bidirectional causal relationships between latent variables.
  5. Multiple regression analysis has several advantages over the analysis of variance including all of the following except. - It allows the researcher to estimate the effects of the independent variables on the dependent variable with the effects of measurement error removed.
  6. A student obtains a percentile rank of 84 on the verbal subtest of the McCarthy Scales of Children's Abilities. If the student's score had been one standard deviation higher, her percentile rank would have been approximately. - 98.
  7. If scores on two tests are correlated, then multiplying each score in one set of test scores by five will do what to the Pearson r. - Have no effect on.
  8. The standard error of the mean, an index of sampling error, increases as. - The population standard deviation increases.
  9. You design a study to compare the effectiveness of three different treatments for stress. You decide to assign 30 EPPP candidates to one of the three treatments and measure their stress level before the treatment begins and one week and six weeks after the treatment has been applied. The design of your study is best described as. - Mixed
  1. "Sampling error" is due to. - Random factors that produce a nonrepresentative sample.
  2. In a research study investigating the possible genetic transmission of ADHD, the "proband" is. - The individual who has received a diagnosis of ADHD
  3. When evaluating a treatment for children suffering from serious behavioral disorders, to overcome the ethical problems associated with the use of a wait-list control group, the best research design would be which of the following. - Single-subject
  4. As applied to research design, the term external validity refers to which of the following. - Generalizability
  5. A psychologist administers a 100-item true or false test to 50 examinees. The mean of the score distribution is 60 and its standard deviation is 8. If the psychologist decides to correct each examinee's score using the standard correction for guessing formula, she can expect that. - The mean of the new distribution will be lower and its standard deviation will be higher.
  6. A distribution of scores has a mean of 110 and a standard deviation of 10. Adding 12 points to each score in the distribution will. - Increase the mean by 12 but have no effect on the standard deviation.
  7. When calculating the t-statistic for independent samples, use of the "pooled variance" is based on the assumption that. - The population variances are equal.
  8. A psychologist is investigating the impact of a treatment for children with severe behavioral problems. He believes that, in this situation, it would be unethical to withdraw the treatment if it is effective just for the purpose of confirming its effects. Therefore, he would be best advised to use which of the following single-subject research designs. - Multiple baseline.
  9. A researcher would use the Solomon four-group design to. - Evaluate the effects of pretesting.
  10. The ANCOVA enables an experimenter to. - Reduce error variance that is attributable to a control variable.
  1. The multivariate technique known as "path analysis" is used to. - Evaluate the viability of a causal mode for a set of variables.
  2. Internal validity refers to the extent to which observed changes in a dependent variable can be attributed to an independent variable. BLANK is a threat to internal validity that occurs as the result of systematic changes within subjects during the course of the study that are a function of the passage of time. - Maturation.
  3. Random selection of the sample from the population is an assumption of. - Both parametric and nonparametric tests.
  4. You administer a test to a sample of young adults with PTSD and, from their scores, calculate a kappa coefficient of .95. This indicates that the test is. - Reliable.
  5. A correlation between X and Y of .60 represents BLANK as much shared variability asa correlation of .30. - Four times.
  6. You conduct a study to compare the effects of treatment type and treatment duration on cigarette smoking. Following administration of the treatments to subjects for the appropriate length of time, you determine the average number of cigarettes smoked each day by subjects in each group and obtain the following data. After two weeks, treatment one subject smoked 10 cigarettes per day, treatment subject two smoked ten per day and treatment three subject smoked 15. After four weeks, subject one smoked 6 per day, subject two smoked 12 and subject under treatment three smoked 9. After eight weeks subject one smoked 3 per day, subject two smoked 6 and subject three smoked three per day. - Main effects of treatment type and duration and interaction effects.
  7. Of 100 students surveyed on a particular college campus, 50 voted Republican and 50 voted Democratic in the last election. On another college campus, 60 voted Republican and 40 voted Democratic. The correct statistical test to use to determine if the difference in voting preferences at the two colleges is significant is which of the following. - Chi-square test.