RFID based smart lock, Slides of Wireless Communication Systems

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*CONTENTS:

INTRODUCTION

OBJECTIVES

WORKING PRINCIPLE

BLOCK DIAGRAM

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

METHODOLOGY

HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS

SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS

ADVANTAGES

APPLICATIONS

REFERENCE

WORKING MODEL

*OBJECTIVES

Provide security to organizations.

Access allowed only to authorized personnel with a

valid RFID tag(Access card).

Designed using Arduino Uno microcontroller and

RFID sensor MFRC522.

This RFID module is used for opening the locker

without any contact ,by means of RFID tag(Access

card).

Output controlled via Relay by principle of

electromagnetic induction.

*WORKING PRINCIPLE

Our system RFID reader consists of a radio frequency module, a control unit and an antenna coil which generates high frequency electromagnetic field as shown in figure. On the other hand, the tag used in this work is a passive component, which consists of just an antenna and an electronic microchip, so when it gets near the electromagnetic field of the transceiver installed at the secured entrance (2 to 5 inches), due to induction, a voltage is generated in the tags’ antenna coil and this voltage serves as power for the microchip of our system tag. Now as the tag is powered, it can extract the transmitted message from the reader, and for sending message (UID) back to the reader, it uses a technique called load manipulation. Switching on and off a load at the antenna of our tag will affect the power consumption of the reader’s antenna which can be measured as voltage drop. These changes in the voltage will be captured as ones and zeros and that’s the way the data is transferred from the tag to the reader.

*CIRCUIT DIAGRAM^

Pin configuration:

RFID arduino

SDA 5

SCK 13

MOSI 11

MISO 12

IRQ NC

GND GND

VCC 3.3v

Relay arduino

GND GND

VCC 5v

IN1 3

Buzzer arduino

+ ve 2

• ve GND

*Methodology

• A^ RFID reader^ stays powered on all the time and is normally powered from an external power source. So when it is ON, the oscillator in it generates a signal with a desired frequency but as the signal strength will be very less (which may lead to fading off the signal if it is transmitted directly) it has to be amplified which can be done using an amplifier circuit, inorder to propogate the signal to a longer distance we need to modulate the signal which is done by a modulator. With all these improvements the signal is now ready to be transmitted which can be done by an antenna which converts the electrical signal into a electromagnetic signal.
• The RFID reader signals are everywhere with it’s promity to detect a tag. When a RFID tag comes in the proxmity of the RFID reader the tag detects the readers signal through a coil present in it which converts the received RF signal into a electrical signal. This converted signal alone is sufficient to power up the microchip present in the tag. Once the microchip gets powered up, its function is to send the data (unique ID) which it is stored in it. The same way the signal came in, it is sent out through the same coil into the air.
• RFID Sensor RC

• Arduino Uno (Microcontroller):

The Arduino Uno board is a

microcontroller based on the ATmega328. It

has 14 digital input/output pins in which 6

can be used as PWM outputs, a 16 MHz

ceramic resonator, an ICSP header, a USB

connection, 6 analog inputs, a power jack

and a reset button. This contains all the

required support needed for microcontroller.

In order to get started, they are simply

connected to a computer with a USB cable or

with a AC-to-DC adapter or battery.

Arduino Uno Board varies from all other

boards and they will not use the FTDI USB-

to-serial driver chip in them. It is featured

by the Atmega16U2 (Atmega8U2 up to

version R2) programmed as a USB-to-serial

converter.

• SOLENOID LOCK

The principle behind an electromagnetic lock is

the use of electromagnetism to lock a door when

energized. The holding force should be collinear

with the load, and the lock and armature plate

should be face-to-face to achieve optimal operation.

An electromagnetic lock, magnetic lock, or maglock is a locking device that consists of an electromagnet and an armature plate. There are two main types of electric locking devices. Locking devices can be either "fail safe" or "fail secure". A fail-secure locking device remains locked when power is lost. Fail-safe locking devices are unlocked when de-energized. Direct pull electromagnetic locks are inherently fail-safe. Typically the electromagnet portion of the lock is attached to the door frame and a mating armature plate is attached to the door. The two components are in contact when the door is closed. When the electromagnet is energized, a current passing through the electromagnet creates a magnetic flux that causes the armature plate to attract to the electromagnet, creating a locking action. Because the mating area of the electromagnet and armature is relatively large, the force created by the magnetic flux is strong enough to keep the door locked even under stress.

*SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS

*APPLICATIONS

For security reasons Bank uses RFID smart lock

for more safety.

In administration fields RFID smart lock used to

safeguard the important files of government, public and other.

In education fields like schools ,college ,university

uses RFID smart lock to secure students data/files ,and also question papers.

In jewellery shops they uses RFID smart lock to

safeguard the all the jewellery.

*REFERENCE

*For^ circuit^ diagram^ the^ reference^ is

google images.

*For^ program^ the^ reference^ is

Harshsharmatechnicals.com