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SBCC Astronomy Final Sean Kelly Exam
Questions and Answers| Already Passed| A+
Graded| 2025- 2026
what conditions are necessary for an annular solar eclipse? new moon on equator at apogee Driving eastward just before sunrise, if you observe the moon in the eastern sky, its phase must be: Waning Crescent Which of these was not seen telescopically by Galileo Steller Parallax Which Statement about the ecliptic is false moon can never leave it, but moves 12 times faster than the sun the force of gravity varies with the: inverse square of the distance separating the two bodies Why are the large telescope reflectors, not refractors?
- all the above- large clear lenses harder to cast, large mirrors only 1 optical surface, large lenses deform, no chromatic aberration
There are no radio telescopes in space because: radio waves penetrate earths atmosphere so there is no need to put one in space what does keplers 3rd law imply about planetary motion? planets further from the sun orbit at a slower speed than planets closer to the sun according to keplers 3rd law, the square of the planets period in years is proportional to the cube of its semi major axis in AU. Which of these is constant for all types of electromagnetic radiation in a vacuum? velocity primary purpose of an astronomical telescope? to collect a lot of light and bring it to a focus Stars like our sun emit most of their light in which part of the electromagnetic spectrum? the visible which of the choices below correctly lists things in order from largest to smallest? universe, local group, milky way, solar system both sound waves and electromagnetic radiation
176 days with respect to the stars and compared with other major planets, the rotation of venus is retrograde if you are in the moons umbral shadow, you will witness total solar eclipse the flow patterns found on the surface of mars and the number of craters on top of them suggest that climate on mars was different billions of years ago In contrast to the outer solid mantle, parts of the central regions of earths interior are thought to be fluid because s seismic waves cannot make it through those regions driving due east just before sunrise you observe the moon low in the eastern sky, what phase is it in? first quarter sunspots
cooler than their surroundings the rotation of uranus is peculiar in that the axis is nearly parallel to the plane of its orbit 3 layers of suns atmosphere, in order of increasing distance from the surface? photosphere, chromosphere, corona Why is it believed that the rings of saturn couldn't have formed just as the planet itself formed? the rings are made of ice particles which would have been vaporized by the heat released as saturn formed. slow surface evolution is caused by... plate tectonics and wind erosion instead of being dead, we discovered pluto is all of the following except: a surface ocean of liquid nitrogen youngest parts of earths crust are the mid ocean rifts _________ is a satellite of uranus
- protostar stage is short
- surrounded by gas/dust
- radiate mainly infrared
- so far away, light hasn't reached us We know that giant stars are larger in diameter than the sun because they are more luminous but have about the same temperature the central regions of earth's core are solid because... pressure at the center raises the melting point ______ is the thermonuclear fusion of hydrogen to form helium operating in the cores of massive stars on the main sequence CNO cycle A _________ is a solar system object that enters Earth's atmosphere and becomes very hot as it passes through the Earth's atmosphere and does not survive to reach the surface meteor as a star begins to form the initial energy source that causes them to glow is from
gravitational potential energy the coma of a comet is both A and B _______ are small dark nebulae about 1 light year in diameter that contain 10 to 1000 solar masses bok globules The solar wind for our star is made up of helium, hydrogren, electrons which of the following is evidence of an impact crater? shocked, fluffy, overturned ________ pushed gas and dust particles out of the solar nebula by the light from the sun differentiation The suns magnetic field is evident in the looped shapes of prominences a 100 w bulb, 1/2 meter from you is the same brightness as a _____ bulb 1 m away
in which position is the northern hemisphere experiencing the autumnal equinox?* position D you are standing near a railroad track and a train is moving toward you at 60 mph and blowing its horn. what will you notice as the train moves past you? as the train approaches, the horn will sound higher in pitch than when the train is moving away in a spectroscopic binary* All the above: one star will appear blue-shifted, one star red-shifted and the stars will have the same period from the data given, which star in the table has the greatest surface temperature* HR 4621, look at spectral type what is the approximate age of the star cluster in the HR diagram below?* 10 billion the Chandrasekhar limit tells us that white dwarfs more massive than 1.4 solar masses are not stable Younger stars have more heavy elements because
the heavy medals were made in previous generations of stars ___________ of the milky way contains mostly old (population II) stars and globular clusters the spherical halo component the flow patterns found on the surface of mars and the number of craters on top of them suggest that How does the traditional theory of the formation of the galaxy explain the origin of globular clusters? They formed early on during the free-fall collapse of the proto-galactic material. How is the age of the galaxy determined? Finding the turnoff point in the H-R diagram of globular clusters A group of 10 to 100 stars that formed at the same time but are so widely scattered in space their mutual gravity cannot hold them together is called an association. Population II stars I. are primarily found in the disk of the galaxy.
The period-luminosity relation is useful in determining
. the distance to globular clusters that contain Cepheid variables. Which of the following can't be associated with the spiral arms of a galaxy? Metal poor stars Younger stars have more heavy elements because the heavy elements were made in previous generations of stars. ____ of the Milky Way contains mostly old (population II) stars and globular clusters. The spherical halo component a planetary nebula is the expelled outer envelope of a medium mass star. A Type I supernova is believed to occur when a white dwarf exceeds the Chandrasekhar limit. About how long will a 0.5 star spend on the main sequence? 57 billion years If the theory that novae occur in close binary systems is correct, then novae should
repeat after some interval. In the diagram below, which point indicates the location on the HR diagram of a one solar mass star when it undergoes helium flash? 5 Massive stars cannot generate energy through iron fusion because both fusion or fission of iron nuclei absorb energy Stars in a star cluster a. all have the same age. b. all have the same chemical composition. c. all have the same luminosity. d. all of the above e. a and b above e. a and b above Correctx The Chandrasekhar limit tells us that Select one: a. stars cannot travel through space too fast
b. a shell of hot, expanding gas with a white dwarf at the center. c. a planetary nebula. d. a shell of hot, expanding gas with a pulsar at the center. d. a shell of hot, expanding gas with a pulsar at the center. Correctx The theory that the collapse of a massive star's iron core produces neutrinos was supported by Select one: a. the brightening of supernovae a few days after they are first visible b. underground counts from solar neutrinos. c. laboratory measurements of the mass of the neutrino. d. the size and structure of the Crab nebula. e. the detection of neutrinos from the supernova of 1987. e. the detection of neutrinos from the supernova of 1987. What is the approximate age of the star cluster in the HR diagram below? (Hint: Main Sequence Stars of spectral between types A and B core supply of hydrogen is sufficient to last about 250 million years. Between A and F about 2 billion years.
Type G about 10 billion years. Between K and M about 30 billion years..) a. 200 million years b. 2 billion years c. The age of the cluster can not be estimated from an HR diagram of the cluster. d. 10 billion years d. e. 30 billion years d. 10 billion years Correctx What nuclear fusion mechanism does an isolated white dwarf use to generate energy? Select one: a. Proton-proton chain b. CNO cycle c. White dwarfs don't generate their own energy. d. Triple alpha process c. White dwarfs don't generate their own energy.
____ is a form of electromagnetic radiation produced by rapidly moving electrons spiraling through magnetic fields. Select one: a. Ultraviolet radiation b. Infrared radiation c. Synchrotron radiation d. Accretion e. Lagrangian radiation c. Synchrotron radiation A comet is mostly made of Select one: a. solid hydrogen b. silicates (sand) c. organic (carbon-containing) compounds d. volatile ices
. volatile ices
A short period comet typically has a period of _______ and originated in the Kuiper belt. Select one: a. about 10 years b. more than 200 years c. less than 200 years d. a million years e. none of these c. less than 200 years A(n) ____ is a solar system object that enters Earth's atmosphere and becomes very hot due to friction between the object and Earth's atmosphere and does not survive to reach the surface. Select one: a. meteoroid b. asteroid c. meteor
