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Segmentation in Computer Vision: Gestalt Theory and Markov Random Fields, Lecture notes of Computer Science
An overview of segmentation and grouping in computer vision, with a focus on gestalt theory and markov random fields (mrfs). The goals of grouping, gestalt psychology principles, and the use of mrfs for image segmentation and labeling. It also discusses the application of mrfs in graph cuts for solving segmentation problems.
Typology: Lecture notes
2012/2013
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Segmentation: MRFs and Graph Cuts
Computer Vision
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Grouping in vision
• Goals:
- Gather features that belong together
- Obtain an intermediate representation that compactly describes key image or video parts
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Examples of grouping in vision
[Figure by J. Shi]
[http://poseidon.csd.auth.gr/LAB_RESEARCH/Latest/imgs/SpeakDepVidIndex_img2.jpg]
Determine image regions
Group video frames into shots Fg / Bg
[Figure by Wang & Suter]
Object-level grouping
Figure-ground
[Figure by Grauman & Darrell]
Slide: Kristin GraumanDocsity.com
What things should be grouped?
What cues indicate groups?
Slide: Kristin GraumanDocsity.com
Gestalt psychology or Gestaltism
- German: Gestalt - "form" or "whole”
- Berlin School, early 20th century
- Kurt Koffka, Max Wertheimer, and Wolfgang Köhler
- Gestalt: whole or group
- Whole is greater than sum of its parts
- Relationships among parts can yield new properties/features
- Psychologists identified series of factors that predispose set of elements to be grouped (by human visual system) Docsity.com
We perceive the interpretation, not the
senses
Slide: Derek HoiemDocsity.com
Principles of perceptual organization
From Steve Lehar: The Constructive Aspect of Visual PerceptionDocsity.com
Similarity
http://chicagoist.com/attachments/chicagoist_alicia/GEESE.jpg, http://wwwdelivery.superstock.com/WI/223/1532/PreviewComp/SuperStock_1532R-0831.jpg Slide: Kristin GraumanDocsity.com
Symmetry
http://seedmagazine.com/news/2006/10/beauty_is_in_the_processingtim.php Slide: Kristin GraumanDocsity.com
Proximity
http://www.capital.edu/Resources/Images/outside6_035.jpg Slide: Kristin GraumanDocsity.com
From Steve Lehar: The Constructive Aspect of Visual Perception
Grouping by invisible completion
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Emergence
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