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Sociology of Sport-Lecture Slides [Functionalism]-Sociology-Piliavin, Slides of Sociology of Sport

University of Wisconsin (UW) - MadisonSociology of Sport

Some methodological issues, not specific to sports. sociology of sport, middle-range theory, Functionalism, Conflict theory, History of sport, Prehistoric sports, Mediterranean civilizations, Mycenaean civilizations, Meso-America, characteristics of sports, Sociology of Sport, Lecture Handouts, Piliavin, University of Wisconsin(WI), United States of America (USA)

Typology: Slides

2011/2012

Uploaded on 01/09/2012

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P Some methodological issues, not specific to sports
<Definitions โ€“ conceptual and operational definitions.
โ€“conceptual definition, i.e., a shared understanding of the meaning of a word,
especially an abstract idea
โ€“operational definition, i.e. an explicit measurement of the term that allows
you to distinguish examples of the concept from non-examples
โ€“EXAMPLE: What is the most popular sport in the U.S.? Discussion.
<Quality of research
Lecture 2: What is the sociology of sport?
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P Some methodological issues, not specific to sports

< Definitions โ€“ conceptual and operational definitions.

  • conceptual definition, i.e., a shared understanding of the meaning of a word, especially an abstract idea
  • operational definition, i.e. an explicit measurement of the term that allows you to distinguish examples of the concept from non-examples
  • EXAMPLE: What is the most popular sport in the U.S.? Discussion.

< Quality of research

Lecture 2: What is the sociology of sport?

P Theoretical approaches to the sociology of sport

< Definitions:

  • hypothesis
  • middle-range theory
  • paradigm

< "There is nothing so practical as a good theory". Why? Discussion.

< Two major paradigms in sociology: Functionalism and conflict theory

  • Functionalism โ€“ associated with Parsons
  • Conflict theory โ€“ Marx is the originator

Lecture 2: What is the sociology of sport?

P Conflict theory

< General characterization

  • Society is an ever-changing set of relationships with inherent differences of economic interests. Conflict is endemic.
  • Social order results from some groups โ€“ the rich and powerful using their power to maintain their advantage โ€“ sometimes by force but more often by control of the media, schools, and other institutions.
  • To understand society one must understand political economy โ€“ how money and power are intertwined
  • Sports, like other aspects of society, are determined or shaped by the structure of the economic system in society

< Examples of topics studied in sports with a conflict theory perspective

  • how athletes become alienated from their own bodies
  • how sports can be "an opiate of the masses"
  • sports and commercialism
  • sports and militarism/nationalism
  • Sportsโ€™ contribution to racism and sexism

Lecture 2: What is the sociology of sport?

P The "sociology of" in general

< Social structure refers to the organization of people within a web of social relationships โ€“ how people are linked to each other and how institutions are linked. < Social process refers to the repetitive and recurring interactional patterns characterizing individual and group transactions. < Culture means "the ways of life created by people in a particular society" in relationship to meanings of objects, relationships, and events, the organization of relationships, and the methods for satisfaction of needs.

P Why study sport? Isn't sport trivial? Non-serious?

< Sport is a central part of people's lives, and appears to be increasingly so. < Sport is connected to major social institutions. < Sports influence culture

Lecture 2: What is the sociology of sport?

P Prehistoric sports

P Sports in ancient urban civilizations

< Middle Eastern and Western

  • Sumeria (3rd-4th millennium B.C. or 5-6,000 years ago)
    • Why then?
    • What sports?
  • Egypt, from about 3,000 B.C.
  • Basic themes from these early urban states

< Eastern

  • China โ€“ little until Chou (1100-800 B.C.)
  • India

Lecture 2: The History of sport

P Mediterranean civilizations

< Minoan and Mycenaean civilizations (1300-800 B.C.) from Homer's Odyssey < Early Greek and Trojan civilizations โ€“ evidence from the Iliad

  • Codes of conduct
  • Involvement of religion < Greek city states
  • Training and pay
  • Relationship to power and prestige
  • Mechanisms for insuring fairness
  • Women
  • Professionalization < Ancient Rome

P Meso-America โ€“ as early as 1500 B.C.,

Lecture 2: The History of sport

P Industrial Revolution and post-industrial society (1800 โ€“>

present

< What does your text say? Discussion

P Changes in the characteristics of sports across history

< Secularization < Equality < Specialization < Rationalization < Bureaucratization < Quantification < Records

Lecture 2: The History of sport