Software Project Management: Time Management - PMBoK, Exercises of Software Engineering

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Lecture # 05

Fall 2019

Software Project Management

Project Management

Asad Ur Rehman

Senior Lecturer

[email protected]

Time Management – PMBoK

Project Time Management Process

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Activity

Definition

Activity resource

Estimating

Activity

Sequencing

Activity duration

Estimating

Schedule

Control

Schedule

Development

Project Time Management

4. Activity duration Estimating: Estimating the number of

work periods that are needed to complete individual

activities.

5. Schedule Development: Analyzing activity sequences,

activity resource estimates, and activity duration

estimates to create the project schedule.

6. Schedule Control: Controlling and managing changes to

the project schedule

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 Activity (or task) is an element of work normally found on the WBS

that has an expected duration, a cost, and resource requirements.

 Project schedules grow out of the basic documents that initiate a

project.

 The project charter includes start and end dates and budget information.

 The scope statement and WBS help define what will be done.

 Activity definition involves developing..

 More detailed WBS and supporting explanations

 To understand all the work to be done

 So you can develop realistic cost and duration estimates

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Project Time Management

1- Activity Definition

 Activity list is a tabulation of activities to be included on a

project schedule. The list should include:

 The activity name

 An activity identifier (or number)

 A brief description of the activity

 Milestone is a significant event that normally has no

duration.

 It often takes several activities and a lot of work to

complete a milestone (say complete SRS).

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Project Time Management

Activity Lists and Milestone

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 Involves reviewing activities and determining

dependencies.

 A dependency (or relationship) relates to the sequencing

of project activities or tasks.

 You must determine dependencies in order to use critical

path analysis.

Project Time Management

2- Activity Sequencing

Four types of dependencies

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2- Activity Sequencing

Tasks dependencies types

3- Activity Resource Estimating

Before estimating activity durations, you must have a

good idea of the quantity and type of resources that

will be required for each activity.

Consider important issues in estimating resources:

How difficult will it be to complete specific activities on

this project?

What is the organization’s history in doing similar

activities?

Are the required resources available?

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4- Activity Duration Estimating

Duration includes the actual amount of time worked on

an activity plus the elapsed time.

Effort is the number of workdays or work hours required

to complete a task.

Effort does not normally equal duration.

People doing the work should help create estimates, and

an expert should review them.

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4- Activity Duration Estimating

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Define

Activities

Sequence

Activities

Estimate

Activity

Resources

Estimate

Activity

Durations

Develop

Schedule



Analogous estimating



Expert judgment



Parametric estimating



Three-point estimates



Reserve Analysis

Inputs Outputs Tools & Techniques

Control

Schedule

Activity Duration

Estimates

Activity attributes

updates

Project Scope

Statement

Activity List

Activity Resource

Requirements

Resource Calendar

Activity Attributes

Project Management

Plan

5- Schedule Development

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Define

Activities

Sequence

Activities

Estimate

Activity

Resources

Estimate

Activity

Durations

Develop

Schedule



Schedule network analysis



Critical path method



Schedule compression



What-if analysis



Resource leveling



Critical chain method



Project management

software



Applying calendars



Adjustable leads and lags



Schedule model

Inputs

Outputs

Tools & Techniques

Control

Schedule

Organizational Process

Assets

Project Scope

Statement

Activity List

Activity Resource

Requirements

Resource Calendar

Activity Attributes

Project Management

Plan

• (^) Risk Register
• (^) Activity Cost

Estimates

Schedule baseline

Activity attributes

updates

Project schedule

Schedule model data

Resource

requirements updates

Requested changes

Project calendar

updates

Gantt Charts

Gantt charts provide a standard format for displaying

project schedule information

by listing project activities and their corresponding

start and finish dates in a calendar format

Symbols include:

Black diamonds: Milestones

Thick black bars: Summary tasks

Lighter horizontal bars: Durations of tasks

Arrows: Dependencies between tasks

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6- Schedule Control

6- Schedule Control



Perform reality checks on developed schedules.

 Is it really possible with team we have?

 Can we do that (Organization history of projects)



Allow for contingencies.

 What if things does NOT progress as we plan?



Do not plan for everyone to work at 100% capacity all the

time.



Hold progress meetings with stakeholders and

 be clear and honest in communicating schedule issues

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