Statics - Architectural Structures - Guide, Study notes of Structural Design and Architecture

This is study guide of Architectural Structures. Few points from this study guide are: Statics, Perpendicular, Result of Acceleration, Mass and Weight, Law of Transmissibility, External Forces, Tension and Compression, Vectors and Scalars, Parallelogram Law, Resultant of a Force

Typology: Study notes

2011/2012

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Study Guide for Final Examination
This guide is not providing “answers” for the conceptual questions. It is a list of topical concepts
and their application you should be familiar with. It is an aid to help prepare for the final exam.
Statics
Sin, Cos, Tan, opposite, adjacent & hypotenuse
Perpendicular
Result of acceleration on a mass and Weight
Law of transmissibility
Internal vs. external forces
Tension and compression
Collinear, Coplanar, Space, Concurrent &
Parallel force systems
Vectors and scalars
Scale
Parallelogram law
Tip-to-tail method
Resultant of a force
Component of a force
Moment of a force
Varignon’s Theorem of moments
Moment Couple
Equivalent Force Systems
Equilibrium
Newton’s First Law
Direction and type of force in a cable with
relation to geometry
Free Body Diagram
Reactions at a support and relationship to motion
prevented
Short link or cable, roller, rocker, pin or hinge,
smooth surface, rough surface, fixed
Negative result for a variable from equilibrium
equations from free body diagram
“Best” location for summation of moment
Statically Determinate vs. Indeterminate
Two-force bodies and relationship to loads
Three-force bodies
Pin connections
Method of Joints
Method of Sections
Actions vs. reactions
General: Systems
What happened to the Wonderful “one-Hoss
Shay”
Truss configurations and assumptions for
analysis
Zero-force member
Special truss member configurations at joints and
conditions
Basis of graphical truss analysis (aka Maxwell’s
diagram)
Compound truss
Diagonal tension counters and solution method
Pinned arches and frames
Rigid vs. non-rigid pinned frames
Rigid frame behavior
Free Body Diagram rule for force at a pin of a
frame
Connection types and load/moment transfer
Types and purpose of bracing
One-way vs. two-way slab behavior
Bearing, shear, curtain walls ...
Shallow foundations: spread, wall, mat
Deep foundations: piles, pile caps, grade beams
Framing system choices exist
System selection and design should NOT be the
last phase of design
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Study Guide for Final Examination

This guide is not providing “answers” for the conceptual questions. It is a list of topical concepts

and their application you should be familiar with. It is an aid to help prepare for the final exam.

Statics

Sin, Cos, Tan, opposite, adjacent & hypotenuse

Perpendicular

Result of acceleration on a mass and Weight

Law of transmissibility

Internal vs. external forces

Tension and compression

Collinear, Coplanar, Space, Concurrent & Parallel force systems

Vectors and scalars

Scale

Parallelogram law

Tip-to-tail method

Resultant of a force

Component of a force

Moment of a force

Varignon’s Theorem of moments

Moment Couple

Equivalent Force Systems

Equilibrium

Newton’s First Law

Direction and type of force in a cable with relation to geometry

Free Body Diagram

Reactions at a support and relationship to motion prevented

Short link or cable, roller, rocker, pin or hinge, smooth surface, rough surface, fixed

Negative result for a variable from equilibrium equations from free body diagram

“Best” location for summation of moment

Statically Determinate vs. Indeterminate

Two-force bodies and relationship to loads

Three-force bodies

Pin connections

Method of Joints

Method of Sections

Actions vs. reactions

General: Systems

What happened to the Wonderful “one-Hoss Shay”

Truss configurations and assumptions for analysis

Zero-force member

Special truss member configurations at joints and conditions

Basis of graphical truss analysis (aka Maxwell’s diagram)

Compound truss

Diagonal tension counters and solution method

Pinned arches and frames

Rigid vs. non-rigid pinned frames

Rigid frame behavior

Free Body Diagram rule for force at a pin of a frame

Connection types and load/moment transfer

Types and purpose of bracing

One-way vs. two-way slab behavior

Bearing, shear, curtain walls ...

Shallow foundations: spread, wall, mat

Deep foundations: piles, pile caps, grade beams

Framing system choices exist

System selection and design should NOT be the last phase of design

Mechanics of Materials

Normal stress (compression & tension)

Shear stress (non beams)

Bearing stress

Bending & shear stress (beams)

Torsional (shear) stress (with respect to shape and where maximum occurs)

Relation of strain to stress & Modulus of Elasticity

Brittle, Ductile & Semi-brittle material behavior

Yield strength (or point & proportional limit)

Elastic vs. plastic range

Ultimate strength

Strength vs. stress

Rupture / Fatigue behavior

Orthotropic vs. Isotropic vs. Anisotropic materials

Stress concentration

Thermal vs. elastic strains

Geometric constraints

Serviceability

Deflections & elongation

Stiffness (relative to EI/L through Δ, or AE/L through δ)

Superpositioning

Single vs. double shear

General: Beams

Load tracing & tributary width (vs. area)

Concentrated loads

Distributed loads – uniform / non-uniform

Simply supported

Overhang

Cantilever

Continuous

w vs. W

Rafter, joist, girder, decking, pilasters, bearing walls

Equivalent center of load area

Internal shear, axial force & bending moment

Inflection point

The Equilibrium Method

The Semigraphical Method

Areas under a curve and change

Effect of forces on shear diagram

Effect of moments on moment diagram

Location of zero shear ( x ) and relation to maximum moment

Slope relationships with integration

Composite shape

Centroid, moment of inertia, Q , radius of gyration

Neutral axis, section modulus, Q, extreme fiber

Negative area method

Parallel axis theorem

Maximum bending stress (& location along length and in cross section)

Maximum shear stress (& location along length and in cross section)

Maximum shear stress by beam shape (proper equations)

Shear flow and shear center

Connected area

Nail capacity and pitch for resisting longitudinal shear

Lateral buckling (and bracing)

Stress types in beams

Self-weight

Deflections & superpositioning (+ units)

Use of Beam Diagrams and Formulas