System Software and Machine Architecture, Schemes and Mind Maps of Embedded Systems Programming

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: note: for object code and macro processor’s problem see past exam questions. Course Contents: Unit 1:

1. Introduction to System Software 6 hrs. 1.1. Introduction 1.2. System Software and Machine Structure 1.3. A Simple Architecture 1.3.1. SIC Machine Architecture 1.3.2. SIC/XE Machine Architecture 1.3.3. SIC Programming Examples 1.4. CISC Architectures 1.4.1. VAX Architecture 1.4.2. Pentium Pro Architecture 1.5. RISC Architectures 1.5.1. UltraSPARC Architecture 1.5.2. Power PC Architecture 1.5.3. Cray T3E Architecture Questions
   1. System programming definition. System software and Machine Architecture definition.
   2. Features of SIC machine.
   3. Features of SIC/XE machine.
   4. RISC vs CISC machine.
   5. Differentiate between VAX and UltraSPARC architecture.
   6. Target address generation and loading value to the Register. (claps)

Unit 2:

2. Assemblers 9 hrs. 2.1. Basic Assembler Concept 2.1.1. A Simple SIC Assembler 2.1.2. Assembler Algorithm and Data Structures 2.2. Machine Dependent Assembler Features 2.2.1. Instruction Formats and Addressing Modes. 2.2.2. Program Relocation 2.3. Machine Independent Assembler Features 2.3.1. Literals 2.3.2. Symbol-Definition Statements 2.3.3. Expressions 2.3.4. Program blocks 2.3.5. Control Sections and Program Linking 2.4. Assembler Design Options 2.4.1. One-Pass Assemblers 2.4.2. Multi-Pass Assemblers 2.5. Implementation Examples 2.5.1. MASM Assembler 2.5.2. SPARC Assembler 2.5.3. AIX Assembler Questions:
   1. Basic Assembler concepts.
   2. Discuss the role of data structures OPTAB, SYMTAB, LOCCTR.
   3. How is forward reference handled in one pass assembler? [Load and Go concept].
   4. Machine dependent assembler concept in brief.
   5. Object code generation problem. [Refer to class exercises and past question sets for more practice.]
   6. Multi pass assembler and its examples.
   7. Literals, symbol defining equation [ORC & EQU], program blocks, expressions and control sections and program Linking [short definition] [handwritten notes.]

Unit 3: Loaders and Linkers.

3. Loading and Linkers 10 hrs. 3.1. Basic Loader Concept 3.1.1. Design of an Absolute Loader 3.1.2. A Simple Bootstrap Loader 3.2. Machine Dependent Loader Features 3.2.1. Relocation 3.2.2. Program linking 3.2.3. Algorithm and data structure for a Linking Loader 3.3. Machine Independent Loader Features 3.3.1. Automatic Library Search 3.3.2. Loader Options 3.4. Loader Design Options 3.4.1. Linkage Editors 3.4.2. Dynamic Linking 3.4.3. Bootstrap Loaders 3.5. Implementation Examples 3.5.1. MS-DOS Linker 3.5.2. SunOS Linker 3.5.3. Cray MPP Linker Questions:
   1. What is loader? What is absolute loader? Write a short algorithm for absolute loader.
   2. Write short notes on simple bootstrap loader.
   3. Differentiate between linking loader and linkage editors.
   4. What is relocation? How is relocation carried out in loader?
   5. Short notes on dynamic linking.

Unit 4: Macro Processors

4. Macro Processors 10 hrs. 4.1. Macro Processor Basics 4.1.1. Macro Definition and Expansion 4.1.2. Macro Processor Algorithm and Data Structures 4.2. Machine Independent Macro Processors Features 4.2.1. Concatenation of Macro Parameters 4.2.2. Generation of Unique Labels 4.2.3. Conditional Macro Expansion 4.2.4. Keyword Macro Parameters 4.3. Macro Processor Design Options 4.3.1. Recursive Macro Expansion 4.3.2. General Purpose Macro processors 4.3.3. Macro Processor with in Language Translators 4.4. Implementation Examples 4.4.1. MASM Macro Processor 4.4.2. ANSI C Macro Language 4.4.3. The ELENA Macro Processor Questions:
   1. What is macro definition? Explain with a example.
   2. Explain conditional macro expansions.
   3. What is macro time variable? How macro processor manages value of macro time variable?
   4. Write about concatenation of macro parameters with examples.
   5. Machine independent macro processor features.
   6. Macro expansion [short note]

Unit: 5 Object oriented system design.

5. Object-Oriented System Design 10 hrs 5.1. Principal of Object Oriented Programming 5.1.1. Class, Method, Instances, Inheritances, Polymorphism 5.1.2. Relationship between Classes 5.2. Object-Oriented Design of an Assembler 5.2.1. Booch’s Macro Processes 5.2.2. Booch’s Micro Processes 5.2.3. Object diagram for Assembler 5.2.4. Interaction diagram for Assembler Questions: 1. Object diagram for assembler with diagram. 2. What is object oriented programming? Write about the principles of object oriented programming. 3. Write about 2 development processes that Booch’s suggest: a. Macro Processes. b. Micro processes. 4. Interaction diagram for assembler.