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INFINITIF SIMPLE PAST PAST PARTICIPLE TRANSLATION
x to be [biù] was [w•z] /were [wÎù]^1 been [biùn] (^) être to bear [b «] bore [b•ù*] borne [b•ùn] (^) porter xx to beat [biùt] beat [biùt] beaten ['biùtn] (^) battre x to become [bI'kÃm] became [bI'keIm] become [bI'kÃm] (^) devenir x to begin [bI'gIn] began [bI'gæn] begun [bI'gÃn] (^) commencer xx (^) to bend [bend] bent [bent] bent [bent] courber, plier xx to bet [bet] bet [bet] bet [bet] parier to bid [bId] bade [bæd, beId] bidden ['bIdn] (^) prier, inviter, ordonner to bid [bId] bid [bId] bid [bId] (^) faire une offre xx to bind [baInd] bound [baUnd] bound [baUnd] (^) lier, relier xx to bite [baIt] bit [bIt] bitten ['bItn] (^) mordre xx to bleed [bliùd] (^) bled [bled] bled [bled] saigner x to blow [bl«U] blew [bluù] (^) blown [bləʊn] souffler
x to break [breIk] broke [br«Uk] broken ['br«Uk«n] briser, casser
to breed [briùd] (^) bred [bred] bred [bred] élever x (^) to bring [brIN] brought [br•ùt] brought [br•ùt] (^) apporter x (^) to build [bIld] built [bIlt] built [bIlt] (^) construire, bâtir xx (^) to burn [bÎùn] burnt [bÎùnt] burnt [bÎùnt] (^) brûler xx to burst [bÎùst] burst [bÎùst] burst [bÎùst] (^) éclater, crever x to buy [baI] bought [b•ùt] bought [b•ùt] (^) acheter xx to cast [kAùst] cast [kAùst] cast [kAùst] (^) jeter, lancer x to catch [kætS] caught [k•ùt] caught [k•ùt] (^) attraper x to choose [tSuùz] chose [tS«Uz] chosen ['tS«Uzn] (^) choisir to cling [klIN] clung [klÃN] clung [klÃN] (^) s'attacher, se cramponner x (^) to come [kÃm] came [keIm] come [kÃm] (^) venir x (^) to cost [k•st] cost [k•st] cost [k•st] (^) coûter to creep [kriùp] (^) crept [krept] crept [krept] ramper x to cut [kÃt] cut [kÃt] cut [kÃt] (^) couper xx to deal [diùl] (^) dealt [delt] dealt [delt] traiter xx to dig [dIg] dug [dÃg] dug [dÃg] (^) creuser, bêcher x to do [duù] did [dId] done [dÃn] (^) faire x to draw [dr•ù] drew [druù] drawn [dr•ùn] (^) tirer, dessiner x (^) to dream [driùm] (^) dreamt [dremt] dreamt [dremt] rêver x (^) to drink [drINk] drank [dræNk] drunk [drÃNk] (^) boire x (^) to drive [draIv] drove [dr«Uv] driven ['drIvn] (^) conduire x (^) to eat [iùt] ate [eIt] eaten ['iùtn] (^) manger x (^) to fall [f•ùl] (^) fell [fel] fallen ['f•ùl«n] (^) tomber x to feed [fiùd] (^) fed [fed] fed [fed] nourrir x to feel [fiùl] (^) felt [felt] felt [felt] sentir (^1) [*] représente un [r] entendu s’il forme une liaison avec la voyelle du mot suivant.
TEMPS PRIMITIFS EN ANGLAIS
x to fight [faIt] fought [f•ùt] fought [f•ùt] (^) combattre x to find [faInd] found [faUnd] found [faUnd] (^) trouver to flee [fliù] (^) fled [fled] fled [fled] fuir, s'enfuir to fling [flIN] flung [flÃN] flung [flÃN] (^) lancer x (^) to fly [flaI] flew [fluù] flown [fl«Un] (^) voler (ailes) xx (^) to forbid [f«'bId] forbade [f«'bæd-beɪd] forbidden [f«'bIdn] (^) défendre x to forget [f«'get] forgot [f«'g•t] forgotten [f«'g•tn] (^) oublier xx to forgive [f«'gIv] forgave [f«'geIv] forgiven [f«'gIvn] (^) pardonner xx to freeze [friùz] froze [fr«Uz] frozen ['fr«Uzn] (^) geler x (^) to get [get] got [g•t] got [g•t] (^) obtenir x (^) to give [gIv] gave [geIv] given ['gIvn] (^) donner x (^) to go [g«U] (^) went [went] gone [g•n] (^) aller to grind [graInd] ground [graUnd] ground [graUnd] (^) moudre xx (^) to grow [gr«U] grew [gruù] grown [gr«Un] (^) croître x (^) to hang [hæN] hung [hÃN] hung [hÃN] (^) pendre x to have [hæv] had [hæd] had [hæd] avoir x to hear [hI«*] heard [hÎùd] heard [hÎùd] (^) entendre xx to hide [haId] hid [hId] hidden ['hIdn] (^) cacher x to hit [hIt] hit [hIt] hit [hIt] (^) frapper, atteindre x to hold [h«Uld] (^) held [held] held [held] tenir x (^) to hurt [hÎùt] hurt [hÎùt] hurt [hÎùt] (^) blesser, faire mal xx (^) to keep [kiùp] (^) kept [kept] kept [kept] garder to kneel 2 [niùl] (^) knelt [nelt] knelt [nelt] s'agenouiller x (^) to know [n«U] knew [njuù]^3 known [n«Un] (^) savoir, connaître xx to lay [leI] laid [leId] laid [leId] (^) poser, mettre, déposer xx to lead [liùd] (^) led [led] led [led] conduire, mener to lean [liùn] (^) leant [lent] leant [lent] s'appuyer to leap [liùp] (^) leapt [lept] leapt [lept] sauter x to learn [lÎùn] learnt [lÎùnt] learnt [lÎùnt] (^) apprendre x to leave [liùv] (^) left [left] left [left] quitter xx to lend [lend] lent [lent] lent [lent] prêter xx to let [let] let [let] let [let] permettre, laisser, louer x to lie [laI] lay [leI] lain [leIn] (^) être couché to light [laIt] lit [lIt] lit [lIt] (^) allumer, éclairer xx to lose [luùz] lost [l•st] lost [l•st] (^) perdre x to make [meIk] made [meId] made [meId] (^) faire x to mean [miùn] (^) meant [ment] meant [ment] signifier, avoir l'intention de x to meet [miùt] (^) met [met] met [met] (se) rencontrer to mow [m«U] (^) mowed mown [m«Un], mowed (^) tondre x (^) to pay [peI] paid [peI] paid [peI] (^) payer (^2) past tense and past participle knelt also kneeled in American English (^3) or [nuː] in American English
x to steal [stiùl] stole [st«Ul] stolen ['st«Ul «n] voler, dérober
x to stick [stIk] stuck [stÃk] stuck [stÃk] (^) coller, s'attacher xx (^) to sting [stIN] stung [stÃN] stung [stÃN] (^) piquer xx (^) to stink [stINk] stank [stæNk] stunk [stÃNk] (^) puer xx (^) to strike [straIk] struck [strÃk] struck [strÃk] (^) frapper to strive [straIv] strove [str«Uv] striven ['strIvn] (^) s'efforcer xx (^) to swear [sw «] swore [sw•ù] sworn [sw•ùn] (^) jurer to sweep [swiùp] (^) swept [swept] swept [swept] balayer
to swell [swel] swelled swollen['sw«Ul^ «n],swelled^ gonfler, enfler
x to swim [swIm] (^) swam [swæm] swum [swÃm] (^) nager xx (^) to swing [swIN] swung [swÃN] swung [swÃN] (^) (se) balancer
x to take [teIk] took [tUk] taken ['teIk «n] prendre
x (^) to teach [tiùtS] taught [t•ùt] taught [t•ùt] (^) enseigner xx (^) to tear [t «] tore ['t•ù] torn [t•ùn] (^) déchirer x (^) to tell [tel] told [t«Uld] told [t«Uld] (^) dire, raconter x to think [TINk] thought [T•ùt] thought [T•ùt] (^) penser x to throw [Tr«U] threw [Truù] thrown [Tr«Un] (^) jeter to thrust [TrÃst] thrust [TrÃst] thrust [TrÃst] (^) pousser, jeter to tread [tred] trod^ [tr•d]^ trodden^ ['tr•dn]^ fouler aux pieds, marcher x (^) to understand [ÇÃnd«'stænd] understood [ÇÃnd«'stUd] understood [ÇÃnd«'stUd] (^) comprendre x (^) to wake [weIk] woke [w«Uk] woke / woken ['w«Ukn] (^) (se) réveiller x (^) to wear [w «] wore [w•ù] worn [w•ùn] (^) porter (des vêtements)
to weave [wiùv] wove [w«Uv] woven ['w«Uv«n] tisser
xx to weep [wiùp] (^) wept [wept] wept [wept] pleurer x to win [wIn] won [wÃn] won [wÃn] (^) gagner to wind [waInd] wound [waUnd]^5 wound [waUnd] (^) enrouler, remonter to wring [rIN] wrung [rÃN] wrung [rÃN] (^) tordre x (^) to write [raIt] wrote [r«Ut] written ['rItn] (^) écrire 3 ème année : X 4 ème année : X et XX (^5) ≠wound [wuùnd] = la blessure; wounded ['wuùndId] = blessé
LA TRANSCRIPTION PHONETIQUE DE L’ANGLAIS
La notation phonétique adoptée est celle de l’Association phonétique internationale (API). CONSONNES VOYELLES ET DIPHTONGUES [p] p at, p o p e [i:] b ea d, s ee [b] b at, b aby [A:] b a rd, c a lm [t] t ab, s t ru t [C:] b o rn, c o rk [d] d ab, men d ed [u:] b oo n, f oo l [k] c ot, k iss, ch ord [M:] b u rn, f e rn, w o rk [g] g ot, a g o g [‡] s i t, p i ty [f] f ine, ra ff e [e] s e t, l e ss [v] v ine, ri v er [W] s a t, a pple [s] pot s , s it, ri ce [H] f u n, c o me [z] pod s , bu zz (^) [K] f o nd, w a sh [I] th in, ma th s [L] f u ll, s oo t [J] th is, o th er [B] compos er , a bove [G] sh ip, s ugar [e‡] b ay , f a te [F] mea s ure [a‡] b uy , l ie [tG] ch ance [C‡] b oy , v oi ce [dF] j ust, e dg e [BL] n o , ag o [l] l ittle, p l ace [aL] n ow , pl ou gh [r] r an, sti rr ing [‡B] t ier , b eer [m] ra m , m u mm y [DB] t ar e, f air [n] ra n , n ut [LB] t our [E] ra ng , ba n k [h] h at, re h eat DIVERS [j] y et, mill i on [*] représente un [r] entendu s’il forme une liaison avec la voyelle du mot suivant. [w] w et, be w ail ['] accent tonique [x] lo ch [,] accent secondaire
