Statistical Terms: Population, Sample, Subject, Parameter, Statistic, Sampling, Variables, Quizzes of Statistics

Definitions for key statistical terms including population, sample, subject, parameter, statistic, and various sampling methods such as simple random sampling, stratified sampling, cluster sampling, convenience sampling, and systematic sampling. Additionally, definitions for categorical variable, discrete variable, and continuous variable are included.

Typology: Quizzes

2010/2011

Uploaded on 09/14/2011

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TERM 1
Population
DEFINITION 1
total set of subjects in which we are interestedEx: entire
voting public
TERM 2
Sample
DEFINITION 2
subset of the population for whom we have dataEx: 200
randomly selected voters
TERM 3
Subject
DEFINITION 3
entities that we measure in a studyEx: each voter in the
sample
TERM 4
Parameter
DEFINITION 4
a numerical value summarizing the population dataEx:
proportion of voters voting for candidate A in the entire pop
TERM 5
Statistic
DEFINITION 5
numerical value summarizing the sample dataEx: proportion
of voters voting for candidate A in the sample (the 200
randomly selected voters)
pf3
pf4

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Population

total set of subjects in which we are interestedEx: entire

voting public

TERM 2

Sample

DEFINITION 2

subset of the population for whom we have dataEx: 200

randomly selected voters

TERM 3

Subject

DEFINITION 3

entities that we measure in a studyEx: each voter in the

sample

TERM 4

Parameter

DEFINITION 4

a numerical value summarizing the population dataEx:

proportion of voters voting for candidate A in the entire pop

TERM 5

Statistic

DEFINITION 5

numerical value summarizing the sample dataEx: proportion

of voters voting for candidate A in the sample (the 200

randomly selected voters)

Simple Random Sampling

every subject has an equally likely chance of being selected

for the sample.Ex: random number table

TERM 7

Stratified Sampling

DEFINITION 7

population is divided into non-overlapping groups and a

simple random is then taken from each group

TERM 8

Cluster Sampling

DEFINITION 8

population is divided into non-overlapping groups and all

indivs within a randomly selected group or groups are

sampled

TERM 9

Convenience Sampling

DEFINITION 9

sampling where the indivs are easily obtained.Ex: internet

surveys

TERM 10

Systematic Sampling

DEFINITION 10

selecting every kth subject from the population

p

population proportion

TERM 17 DEFINITION 17

sample proportion