Download The U.S. Constitution and Its Amendments and more Exams Law in PDF only on Docsity!
Florida Civics Literacy Exam Test with
100% verified solutions
What is the supreme law of the land? - CORRECT ANSWER-the Constitution What does the Constitution do? - CORRECT ANSWER--sets up the government
- defines the government
- protects basic rights of Americans The idea of self-government is in the first three words of the Constitution. What are these words? - CORRECT ANSWER-We the People What is an amendment? - CORRECT ANSWER--a change (to the Constitution)
- an addition (to the Constitution) What do we call the first ten amendments to the Constitution? - CORRECT ANSWER- the Bill of Rights What is one right or freedom from the First Amendment? - CORRECT ANSWER-- speech
- religion
- assembly
- press
- petition the government How many amendments does the Constitution have? - CORRECT ANSWER-twenty- seven What did the Declaration of Independence do? - CORRECT ANSWER--announced our independence (from Great Britain)
- declared our independence (from Great Britain)
- said that the United States is free (from Great Britain) What are two rights in the Declaration of Independence? - CORRECT ANSWER--life
- liberty
- pursuit of happiness What is freedom of religion? - CORRECT ANSWER-You can practice any religion, or not practice a religion.
What is the economic system in the United States? - CORRECT ANSWER--capitalist economy
- market economy What is the "rule of law"? - CORRECT ANSWER--Everyone must follow the law.
- Leaders must obey the law.
- Government must obey the law.
- No one is above the law. Name one branch or part of the government. - CORRECT ANSWER--Congress
- legislative
- President
- executive
- the courts
- judicial What stops one branch of government from becoming too powerful? - CORRECT ANSWER--checks and balances
- separation of powers Who is in charge of the executive branch? - CORRECT ANSWER-the President Who makes federal laws? - CORRECT ANSWER--Congress
- Senate and House (of Representatives)
- (U.S. or national) legislature What are the two parts of the U.S. Congress? - CORRECT ANSWER-the Senate and House (of Representatives) How many U.S. Senators are there? - CORRECT ANSWER-one hundred (100) We elect a U.S. Senator for how many years? - CORRECT ANSWER-six Who is one of your state's
- Secretary of Education
- Secretary of Energy
- Secretary of Health and Human Services
- Secretary of Homeland Security
- Secretary of Housing and Urban Development
- Secretary of the Interior
- Secretary of Labor
- Secretary of State
- Secretary of Transportation
- Secretary of the Treasury
- Secretary of Veterans Affairs
- Attorney General
- Vice President What does the judicial branch do? - CORRECT ANSWER--reviews laws
- explains laws
- resolves disputes (disagreements)
- decides if a law goes against the Constitution What does the legislative branch do? - CORRECT ANSWER-- makes all laws
- declares war
- regulates interstate and foreign commerce
- controls taxing and spending policies What does the executive branch do? - CORRECT ANSWER--Enforces laws written by the congress What is the highest court in the United States? - CORRECT ANSWER-the Supreme Court How many justices are on the Supreme Court? - CORRECT ANSWER- 9 Who is the Chief Justice of the United States now? - CORRECT ANSWER-John Roberts Under our Constitution, some powers belong to the federal government. What is one power of the federal government? - CORRECT ANSWER--to print money
- to declare war
- to create an army
- to make treaties Under our Constitution, some powers belong to the states. What is one power of the states? - CORRECT ANSWER--provide schooling and education
- provide protection (police)
- provide safety (fire departments)
- give a driver's license
- approve zoning and land use Who is the Governor of your state now? - CORRECT ANSWER-Ron Desantis What is the capital of your state? - CORRECT ANSWER-Tallahassee What are the two major political parties in the United States? - CORRECT ANSWER- Democratic and Republican What is the political party of the President now? - CORRECT ANSWER-Democratic Party What is the name of the Speaker of the House of Representatives now? - CORRECT ANSWER-Kevin McCarthy There are four amendments to the Constitution about who can vote. Describe one of them. - CORRECT ANSWER--Citizens eighteen (18) and older (can vote).
- You don't have to pay (a poll tax) to vote.
- Any citizen can vote regardless of sex. (Women and men can vote.)
- A male citizen of any race (can vote). What is one responsibility that is only for United States citizens? - CORRECT ANSWER--serve on a jury
- vote in a federal election Name one right only for United States citizens. - CORRECT ANSWER--vote in a federal election
- run for federal office What are two rights of everyone living in the United States? - CORRECT ANSWER-- freedom of expression
- freedom of speech
- freedom of assembly
- freedom to petition the government
- freedom of religion
- the right to bear arms What do we show loyalty to when we say the Pledge of Allegiance? - CORRECT ANSWER--the United States
- the flag What is one promise you make when you become a United States citizen? - CORRECT ANSWER--give up loyalty to other countries
- defend the Constitution and laws of the United States
- obey the laws of the United States
- serve in the U.S. military (if needed)
There were 13 original states. Name three. - CORRECT ANSWER--New Hampshire
- Massachusetts
- Rhode Island
- Connecticut
- New York
- New Jersey
- Pennsylvania
- Delaware
- Maryland
- Virginia
- North Carolina
- South Carolina
- Georgia What happened at the Constitutional Convention? - CORRECT ANSWER--The Constitution was written.
- The Founding Fathers wrote the Constitution. When was the Constitution written? - CORRECT ANSWER- 1787 The Federalist Papers supported the passage of the U.S. Constitution. Name one of the writers. - CORRECT ANSWER--(James) Madison
- (Alexander) Hamilton
- (John) Jay
- Publius What is one thing Benjamin Franklin is famous for? - CORRECT ANSWER--U.S. diplomat
- oldest member of the Constitutional Convention
- first Postmaster General of the United States
- writer of "Poor Richard's Almanac"
- started the first free libraries Who is the "Father of Our Country"? - CORRECT ANSWER-(George) Washington Who was the first President? - CORRECT ANSWER-(George) Washington What territory did the United States buy from France in 1803? - CORRECT ANSWER-- the Louisiana Territory
- Louisiana Name one war fought by the United States in the 1800s. - CORRECT ANSWER--War of 1812
- Mexican-American WarH Civil War
- Spanish-American War
Name the U.S. war between the North and the South. - CORRECT ANSWER--the Civil War
- the War between the States Name one problem that led to the Civil War. - CORRECT ANSWER--slavery
- economic reasons
- states' rights What was one important thing that Abraham Lincoln did? - CORRECT ANSWER--freed the slaves (Emancipation Proclamation)
- saved (or preserved) the Union
- led the United States during the Civil War What did the Emancipation Proclamation do? - CORRECT ANSWER--freed the slaves
- freed slaves in the Confederacy
- freed slaves in the Confederate states
- freed slaves in most Southern states What did Susan B. Anthony do? - CORRECT ANSWER--fought for women's rights
- fought for civil rights Name one war fought by the United States in the 1900s. - CORRECT ANSWER--World War I
- World War II
- Korean War
- Vietnam War
- (Persian) Gulf War Who was President during World War I - CORRECT ANSWER-(Woodrow) Wilson Who was President during the Great Depression and World War II? - CORRECT ANSWER-(Franklin) Roosevelt Who did the United States fight in World War II? - CORRECT ANSWER-Japan, Germany, and Italy Before he was President, Eisenhower was a general. What war was he in? - CORRECT ANSWER-World War II During the Cold War, what was the main concern of the United States? - CORRECT ANSWER-Communism What movement tried to end racial discrimination? - CORRECT ANSWER-civil rights (movement) What did Martin Luther King, Jr. do? - CORRECT ANSWER--fought for civil rights
New York Pennsylvania Ohio Michigan Minnesota North Dakota Montana Idaho Washington Alaska Name one state that borders Mexico - CORRECT ANSWER-California Arizona New Mexico Texas What is the capital of the United States? - CORRECT ANSWER-Washington, D.C. Where is the Statue of Liberty? - CORRECT ANSWER-New York (Harbor) Liberty Island New Jersey Near New York City On the Hudson River Why does the flag have 13 stripes? - CORRECT ANSWER-The stripes represents the original colonies, which there was 13 Why does the flag have 50 stars? - CORRECT ANSWER-Represents the 50 states, one state is represented by 1 star What is the name of the national anthem? - CORRECT ANSWER-The Star-Spangled Banner When do we celebrate Independence Day? - CORRECT ANSWER-July 4 John Locke - CORRECT ANSWER-English philosopher who advocated the idea of a "social contract" in which government powers are derived from the consent of the governed and in which the government serves the people; also said people have natural rights to life, liberty and property. Montesquieu - CORRECT ANSWER-French political philosopher who advocated the separation of executive and legislative and judicial powers, checks and balances (1689-
limted government - CORRECT ANSWER-the principle that a ruler or a government is not all-powerful, must be restricted to protect the rights of the people
Due Process - CORRECT ANSWER-fair treatment through the normal judicial system, especially as a citizen's entitlement. Popular Sovereignty - CORRECT ANSWER-A belief that ultimate power resides in the people. Natural Rights - CORRECT ANSWER-the idea that all humans are born with rights, which include the right to life, liberty, and property Federalism - CORRECT ANSWER-A system in which power is divided between the national and state governments Republicanism - CORRECT ANSWER-A philosophy of limited government with elected representatives serving at the will of the people. The government is based on consent of the governed. participatory democracy - CORRECT ANSWER-a system of government where rank- and-file citizens rule themselves rather than electing representatives to govern on their behalf Ratification of the Constitution debate - CORRECT ANSWER-Those favoring ratification of the Constitution and adoption of a strong federal government were called Federalists. Those opposed, feared the power of the national government and were called Anti- Federalists. They wanted more protections for the rights of the states and the individual. Article I of the Constitution - CORRECT ANSWER-Section of the Constitution laying out powers and responsibilities of the Legislative Branch Article II of the Constitution - CORRECT ANSWER-Section of the Constitution laying out powers and responsibilities of the Executive Branch Article III of the Constitution - CORRECT ANSWER-Section of the Constitution laying out powers and responsibilities of the Judicial Branch Full Faith and Credit Clause (Article IV) - CORRECT ANSWER-A state must recognize the validity of the public acts, records, and court decisions of other states Article V of the Constitution - CORRECT ANSWER-Outlines the process for amending or changing the Constitution Supremacy Clause (Article VI) - CORRECT ANSWER-constitutional declaration that the Constitution and laws made under its provisions are the greatest law of the land
necessary and proper clause paved the way for later rulings upholding expansive federal powers Dred Scott v. Sanford (1857) - CORRECT ANSWER-Court ruled that Scott was the property of Sanford and, as a slave, was prohibited from suing in court. Chief Justice Taney gives his opinion that the Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional. Decision adds to sectionalism between North and South that will lead to the Civil War. Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) - CORRECT ANSWER-Legalized segregation in publicly owned facilities on the basis of "separate but equal." Schenck v. United States (1919) - CORRECT ANSWER-Speech creating a "clear and present danger" is not protected by the First Amendment Korematsu v. United States (1944) - CORRECT ANSWER-Internment of Japanese- Americans during WWII does not violate 14th Amendment Equal Protection Clause (gets strict scrutiny but national security is a good enough reason to justify the racial discrimination). Brown v. Board of Education (1954) - CORRECT ANSWER-The Supreme Court overruled Plessy v. Ferguson, declared that racially segregated facilities are inherently unequal and ordered all public schools desegregated. Mapp v. Ohio (1961) - CORRECT ANSWER-Established exclusionary rule; illegally obtained evidence cannot be used in court Baker v. Carr (1962) - CORRECT ANSWER-"One man, one vote." Ordered state legislative districts to be as near equal as possible in population Engle v. Vitale (1962) - CORRECT ANSWER-Prayer in public schools prohibited by First Amendment (which was made applicable to the states under the 14th A.) Gideon v. Wainwright (1963) - CORRECT ANSWER-Extends to the defendant the right of counsel in all state and federal criminal trials regardless of their ability to pay. Miranda v. Arizona (1966) - CORRECT ANSWER-5th Amendment self-incrimination clause requires government agents to warn suspects of their right to remain silent and/or contact an attorney before questioning them when they are in custody. Statements made without Miranda Rights are inadmissible in court (like the exclusionary rule for evidence) Tinker v. Des Moines (1969) - CORRECT ANSWER-Students in an Iowa school were suspended for wearing black armbands to protest the Vietnam war. SCOTUS ruled that this suspension was unconstitutional, and that public school students do not "shed their constitutional rights at the schoolhouse door" as long as the action does not disrupt the educational environment
New York Times v. US (1971) - CORRECT ANSWER-Ruled that in order to exercise prior restraint, the Government must show sufficient evidence that the publication would cause a "grave and irreparable" danger. prior restraint - CORRECT ANSWER-government censorship of information before it is published or broadcast Wisconsin v. Yoder (1972) - CORRECT ANSWER-The Court ruled that Wisconsin could not require Amish parents to send their children to public school beyond the eighth grade because it would violate long-held religious beliefs. Roe v. Wade (1973) - CORRECT ANSWER-The court legalized abortion by ruling that state laws could not restrict it during the first three months of pregnancy. Based on 4th Amendment rights of a person to be secure in their persons. United States v. Nixon (1974) - CORRECT ANSWER-The 1974 case in which the Supreme Court unanimously held that the doctrine of executive privilege was implicit in the Constitution but could not be extended to protect documents relevant to criminal prosecutions Regents of the University of California v. Bakke (1978) - CORRECT ANSWER-Supreme Court decision holding that a state university could not admit less qualified individuals solely because of their race (affirmative action) Hazlewood v. Kuhlmeier (1988) - CORRECT ANSWER-School newspapers do not qualify as public forums, so censorship by the school administration does not violate students' right to free speech. Texas v. Johnson (1989) - CORRECT ANSWER-Flag-burning is symbolic speech with a political purpose and is protected by 1st Amendment. Shaw v. Reno (1993) - CORRECT ANSWER-NO racial gerrymandering; race cannot be the sole or predominant factor in redrawing legislative boundaries; majority-minority districts. U.S. v. Lopez (1995) - CORRECT ANSWER-Gun Free School Zones Act exceeded Congress' authority to regulate interstate commerce. Example of devolution - returning power back to the states Bush v. Gore (2000) - CORRECT ANSWER-The court ruled that manual recounts of presidential ballots in the Nov. 2000 election could not proceed because inconsistent evaluation standards in different counties violated the equal protection clause. In effect, the ruling meant Bush would win the election.
