Torts3, Lecture notes of Law of Torts

This is the 3rd set of notes

Typology: Lecture notes

2011/2012

Uploaded on 09/14/2012

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For Test
Use cases to your advantage-This is the rule of the case and this is
where they drew the line and we are on this side of the line.
Think, Creativity and Analysis is what the Final is going to be graded
on.
Negligence
Elements:
Duty
Breach
Causation
Damages
Based on the objective standard of reasonableness:
Going to use reasonableness and foreseeable when talking
about this
Lubitz v. Wells p 135
Facts:
DF’s dad left golf club lying in the backyard. DF and PL were playing
when DF picked up the club and went to hit a rock. Instead hitting
the PL about his jaw and chin
This case is focused on the father being negligent (he left a club
lying in the yard) even though they also sued the son for negligent
as well (swung the club without looking or warning his playmate)
Negligence: What a person did or didn’t do when they had a duty to
do it.
Compliant was dismissed
The court held that the golf club was not obviously and intrinsically
dangerous that it was negligent to leave it lying on the ground in
the yard.
Blyth v. Birmingham Waterworks Co. p 136
Facts:
Defendant was hired by the city to lay pipe for a water main. The
pipes were built out of materials, which were sound and in good
order. After 25 years, one of the most severe storms created frost
on the stopper, which caused the water to force its way around the
neck of the main, and on the ground into Plainti’s house.
The judge left it to the jury to consider whether Defendant had used
proper care to prevent the accident to Plainti’s house. The jury
found a verdict for Plainti. Defendant appealed.
DF was not guilty because it was an accident
Torts-Hill
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For Test

  • Use cases to your advantage-This is the rule of the case and this is where they drew the line and we are on this side of the line.
  • Think, Creativity and Analysis is what the Final is going to be graded on.

Negligence

Elements:

  • Duty
  • Breach
  • Causation
  • Damages
  • Based on the objective standard of reasonableness:
    • Going to use reasonableness and foreseeable when talking about this

Lubitz v. Wells p 135 Facts:

  • DF’s dad left golf club lying in the backyard. DF and PL were playing when DF picked up the club and went to hit a rock. Instead hitting the PL about his jaw and chin
  • This case is focused on the father being negligent (he left a club lying in the yard) even though they also sued the son for negligent as well (swung the club without looking or warning his playmate)
  • Negligence: What a person did or didn’t do when they had a duty to do it.
  • Compliant was dismissed
  • The court held that the golf club was not obviously and intrinsically dangerous that it was negligent to leave it lying on the ground in the yard.

Blyth v. Birmingham Waterworks Co. p 136 Facts:

  • Defendant was hired by the city to lay pipe for a water main. The pipes were built out of materials, which were sound and in good order. After 25 years, one of the most severe storms created frost on the stopper, which caused the water to force its way around the neck of the main, and on the ground into Plaintiff’s house.
  • The judge left it to the jury to consider whether Defendant had used proper care to prevent the accident to Plaintiff’s house. The jury found a verdict for Plaintiff. Defendant appealed.
  • DF was not guilty because it was an accident

Torts-Hill

  • DF took precautions that proved to be insufficient against the effects of the extreme severity of the frost which penetrated to a greater depth than any which ordinarily occurs.
  • Rule of Law: In a claim of negligence, the issue of duty is a question of law, not properly left for the determination of a jury. It would be monstrous to hold Defendant’s responsible because they did not foresee and prevent an obscure accident that was not discovered until many months thereafter.

Pipher v. Parsell p 137 Facts:

  • PL and 2 DFs were riding in truck. All three were 16. DF Beisel grabs the wheel. DF Parsell is able to get the trunk under control. They laugh it off then DF Beisel grabs the wheel again. This time the DF Parsell lost control of the truck and it hit a tree causing PL to be injured.
  • TC-no negligence because no duty
  • Driver Parsell should have taken action: told Beisel not to touch the steering wheel, pulled over and told Beisel to get into the back, and waned Beisel that he would put her out of the vehicle
  • Reversed and remanded so jury could decide duty of driver.

Chicago, B. & Q.R. Co. v. Krayenbuhl p. 141 Facts:

  • Defendant owned and operated railroad equipment. Defendant had guidelines requiring that dangerous railroad equipment remain locked when not in use, but these guidelines were frequently ignored. When the Plaintiff went on the turntable owned by the Defendant, it was unlocked and the PL’s friend set it in motion. Plaintiff’s leg was severed at ankle joint.
  • DF states that children were trespassers on the their property.
  • Trial resulted in a verdict for the Plaintiff, and the Defendant appealed.
  • Danger anticipated outweighs expense and inconvenience to make it safe.
  • In this case it would not have taken much to lock the lock.

Davison v. Snohomish County p. 143 Facts:

  • PL’s were driving and lost control of their car. The car skidded went through the railing and suffered severe and painful injures and car was wrecked.
  • PL argued that the road was not sufficiently maintained to prevent the accident or at least diminish the damages.
  • DF states there was contributory negligence
  • TC-PL for $2,
  • The PL has damages and someone must be responsible for that.

Delair v. McAdoo p 153 Facts:

  • DF went to pass PL and his tire blew causing damages-DF’s tire was worn through and you could see the breaker strip.
  • Jury found for PL and $7,
  • Granted new trial b/c verdict was excessive
  • DF is negligent as a matter of law- Court
  • DF is/is not negligent as a matter of fact-Jury
    • Jury needs to decide that the worn tire is what caused the accident. If it is then he is negligent
  • DF is not negligent as a matter of law – Court
  • DF saying that it never should have went to the jury
  • The law require drives and owners of motor vehicles to know the condition of those parts which are likely to become dangerous where the flaws or faults would be disclosed by a reasonable inspection
  • Certain knowledge is prudent to the DF even if he doesn’t know it.
    • He will still be liable

Trimarco v. Klein p. 155 Facts:

  • PL was a tenant of the DFs. PL was getting out of the shower when the door shattered suddenly and unexpectedly severely injuring him.
  • Glass was made of ordinary glass and 1/16th^ to one quarter of an inch in thickness.
  • PL states that since the glass door no longer conformed to accepted safety standards he was negligent
  • TC for PL and damages for $240,
  • Appellate Division reversed and dismissed the case
  • No prior notice of the danger came to the DF either from the PL or by reason of a similar accident in the building, no duty devolved on the DF to replace the glass.
  • The probability of someone being injured outweighs the cost of actually putting the new glass in.
  • A common practice or usage is still not necessarily a conclusive or even a compelling test of negligence.
  • It is up to the jury to decide its reasonableness and the reasonableness of the behavior which adhered to the custom or the unreasonableness of that which did not.

Cordas v. Peerless Transportation Co p. 159 Facts:

  • 2 men robbed a guy in an alley. One of the men jumped in the DF’s cab with the guy that was robbed running after them. The DF got scared and jumps out of the cab. The robber then drove the cab on the sidewalk and injured a mother and her two children.
  • PL argues that interest of public outweighs belief (DF) that life was in danger
  • The law in this state does not hold one in an emergency to the exercise of that mature judgment required of him under circumstances where he was an opportunity for deliberate action.
  • Reversed to dismiss complaint

Roberts v. State of Louisiana p 163 Facts:

  • Blind operator (Burson) working for DF bumped into PL causing him to fall and injure his hip. DF was on the way to the bathroom.
  • PL argued that Burson was negligent b/c he didn’t use his cane
  • The second part is that DF was negligent b/c they hired a blind guy and didn’t uphold their duty to supervise that employee.
  • The trial court dismissed the PL’s suit because Burson was acting as a reasonably prudent blind person would under these particular circumstances.