Torts4, Lecture notes of Law of Torts

fourth set of torts notes

Typology: Lecture notes

2011/2012

Uploaded on 09/21/2012

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McAdoo
Not only is the standard of care objective but issues of
knowledge are built right into the standard
Cordas
Emergency is no dierent from any other situation with
standard of care. It just goes to the reasonable person who
would be in your situation
Roberts
When it comes to disabilities you have to act like a reasonable
person with the same disability
Children, Insanity, Professional standard of care
Robinson v. Lindsay pg 166
Facts:
DF (Anderson-age 13) was driving the DF’s (Lindsay)
snowmobile and pulling PL on an innertube. The PL’s thumb
was severed. It was reattached but not fully functional
Jury ruled for DF
Trial court erred in instructing the jury about the
standard of case so New Trial
There is a special standard of care for children
It deals with the capacity of the child, and this is to be
determined, ordinarily, by the age of the child.
Reasonable careful child of the same age, intelligence,
maturity, training and experience
Exception: When a child engages in inherently dangerous
activity held to adult standards
New trial armed
Breunig v. American Family Ins. Co. pg 170 –Insanity
Facts:
DF was driving when she spotted a white light that she
followed for 3 or 4 blocks. She heard a voice telling her that
God would take the wheel. when she saw the PL’s truck she
hit the gas so she could y, striking the PL’s truck
Jury for PL
Policy basis:
Where one of two innocent persons must suer a loss it
should be borne by the one who occasioned it
Compensate PL
Induce those interested in the estate of the insane
person to restrain and control him
Provide incentives to caretakers
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McAdoo

  • Not only is the standard of care objective but issues of knowledge are built right into the standard Cordas
  • Emergency is no different from any other situation with standard of care. It just goes to the reasonable person who would be in your situation Roberts
  • When it comes to disabilities you have to act like a reasonable person with the same disability

Children, Insanity, Professional standard of care

Robinson v. Lindsay pg 166 Facts:

  • DF (Anderson-age 13) was driving the DF’s (Lindsay) snowmobile and pulling PL on an innertube. The PL’s thumb was severed. It was reattached but not fully functional
  • Jury ruled for DF
    • Trial court erred in instructing the jury about the standard of case so New Trial
  • There is a special standard of care for children
    • It deals with the capacity of the child, and this is to be determined, ordinarily, by the age of the child.
    • Reasonable careful child of the same age, intelligence, maturity, training and experience
  • Exception: When a child engages in inherently dangerous activity held to adult standards
  • New trial affirmed

Breunig v. American Family Ins. Co. pg 170 –Insanity Facts:

  • DF was driving when she spotted a white light that she followed for 3 or 4 blocks. She heard a voice telling her that God would take the wheel. when she saw the PL’s truck she hit the gas so she could fly, striking the PL’s truck
  • Jury for PL
  • Policy basis:
    • Where one of two innocent persons must suffer a loss it should be borne by the one who occasioned it - Compensate PL
    • Induce those interested in the estate of the insane person to restrain and control him - Provide incentives to caretakers
  • The fear an insanity defense would lead to false claims of insanity to avoid liability - Difficulty of proof and “sliding scale” problem - Afraid it will open up a Pandora’s box
  • Exception: A sudden mental incapacity equivalent in its effect to such physical cases as a sudden heart attack, epileptic seizure, stroke, or fainting should be treated alike and not under the general rule of insanity.
  • There was sufficient evidence of her past conduct to permit the jury to conclude that she believed she had a special relationship to God and was the chosen one to survive at the end of the world and she believed that God would take over the direction of her life to the extent of driving the car.
  • Judgment of jury affirmed

Heath v. Swift Wings, Inc. pg 174 Facts:

  • Heath was flying his wife, son and family friend were in a plane with Heath being the pilot. The plane crashed everyone died. A free-lance mechanical engineering consultant and pilot testified-pilot should have used flaps to aid in the takeoff and a reasonable prudent pilot should have made a controlled landing in the cornfield shortly after takeoff if he was experiencing difficulty attaining flight speed.
  • The estate of the pilots wife and son brought suit against the pilot and the airplane company.
  • Jury ruled for DF
    • Trial court erred in the jury instructions concerning the definition of negligence and the applicable standard of care - Used an subjective standard instead of a minimum standard for an ordinary prudent pilot. - Same standard applied to all
  • Expert testimony about what would a ordinary prudent professional would do in the same situation

Allowance made for children but no allowances made for mental disabilities or for professionals.

Hodges v. Carter pg 179 Facts:

  • PL owned a drug store building. PL had 4 different insurance policies. The building caught on fire and the insurance companies rejected, denied and declined to pay. So PL went to sue them. The lawyers for the PL mailed service of process to the commissioner of Insurance of the State of North Carolina,
  • He also stated that he personally would have taken an x-ray but failure to do was not a deviation from the proper standard of treatment.
  • Supreme court affirmed for the DF
  • If the negligence is so apparent that the lay person would notice it then expert testimony is not needed

Morrison v. MacNamara pg 187 Facts:

  • PL reported to a medical laboratory for a urethral smear test which was physically invasive. During the test the PL was standing and had an adverse reaction to the test. He fainted and struck his head on a metal blood pressure stand and on the floor, causing permanent loss of his senses of smell and taste, along with other injuries
  • The national standard of care over the locality rule
    • Locality rule
      • Measured solely by the standard of conduct expected of other members of the medical profession in the same locality or the same community
  • TC stated that only had duty to adhere to standard of medical care
  • This is wrong. It needed to be a national standard!

Scott v. Bradford pg 191 Facts:

  • PL had several fibroid tumors on her uterus. PL signed a routine consent form and the DF completed a hysterectomy. She then had problem which permitted urine to leak form her bladder into the vagina. After three surgeries from other doctors she was able to correct the problem.
  • Informed consent-DF failed to advice her of the risk involved or of available alternatives to surgery - Duty to inform material risk: Risk that were substantial enough to effect the PL’s decision to go through with the surgery. - Exceptions: - ought to know or already know, - emergency - and where full disclosure would be detrimental to patient’s total care and best interests. - Causation: if the PL was informed they would not have go through with the surgery.
  • If a reasonable person would have refused the surgery then the causation element could have been met-Objective standard
  • Subjective Standard-The PL would have not undergone the surgery.
  • Injury:
  • Jury instructions are sufficient- Affirmed for DF

Moore v. The Regents of the University of California pg 197 Facts:

  • PL was diagnosed with hairy-cell leukemia and went to UCLA medical center where he started seeing the DF. The DF withdrew blood, bone marrow, and other bodily substances to test them. After the test DF recommended that Moore’s spleen be removed because it would slow down the progress of the disease. PL then consented to the surgery. DF wanted to use portions of PL’s spleen so he could use it for genetic research. DF developed and patented a cell line from PL’s cells and then licensed it for commercial development.
  • PL’s has a special kind of cells that can help fight this leukemia
  • At one PL did move and DF stated that PL could only get his treatments at the hospital that DF worked at. So PL had to travel back and forth
  • Are there property interest in our body parts?
    • Court states no
  • Final ruling
    • Leave to amend the causes of action for breach of fiduciary duty (legal relationship with someone and there is a need to disclose certain information) and lack of informed consent
    • Sustain DF objects for conversion and
    • Hear and determine all DF’s remaining objectives
  • Need to inform patient of financial interest

Hypo:

  • Suppose you could settle a case for 20 hours of work and $20,
  • Or go to trial and spend 400 hours and $200,000.