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Data Communication is exchange of data between two devices. In computers data exchange is in form of 0 and 1. This course discuss how computer communicate, what is medium and what are expenses. This handout includes: Transport, Layer, Responsible, Source, Destination, Independantly, Entire, Network, Segmentation, Reassembly
Typology: Study notes
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o Responsible for Source-to-Destination delivery of Entire Message o Network Layer oversees source-to-destination delivery of the entire packets but it does not recognize any relationship b/w those packets o Network layer treats each packet independently o Transport Layer ensures that whole message arrives at the destination intact
Functions of Transport Layer
o Service Point Addressing
Computers run several programs at the same time Source-to-Destination delivery means delivery not only from only from one computer to the other but also from a specific process on one computer to a specific process on the other Transport layer header includes a type of address called Service Point Address or PORT Address Network layer each packet to the correct computer while Transport layer gets entire message to the correct process on that comuter
o Segmentation and Reassembly
Message is divided into transmittable segments Each segment contains a sequence number These sequence no.s enable Transport layer at the receiving m/c to reassemble message correctly at the destination and to identify and replace lost packets
o Connection Control
Transport layer can be either connection-less or connection-oriented Connectionless Treats each segment as an independent packet and delivers it to the transport layer of the destination m/c
Connection-Oriented A connection is established first with Transport layer before delivering the packet.
After all data is Tx. , the connection is disconnected
o Flow Control
Like Data link layer, Transport layer is also responsible for Flow control Flow control is performed end-to-end rather than across a single link
o Error Control
Like data link layer, Transport layer is responsible for the Error Control Error control is performed end-to-end This layer makes sure that entire message reaches Rx Transport layer w/o error Error can be a result of Lost, damaged or duplicated data and usually Re Tx is done
Example Figure
o Session layer is the Network Dialog Controller o Establishes, Maintains, and Synchronizes the interaction between communicating systems