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Understanding MasterFormat and Construction Specifications, Exams of Advanced Education

Harvard UniversityAdvanced Education

An overview of the masterformat system, which is a standardized format for organizing construction specifications and project information. It covers the purpose of masterformat, the components of integrated project delivery, the structure and organization of outline specifications, the role of submittal requirements, the conditions of the contract, and the use of proprietary specifications and substitutions. The document also discusses the application of life cycle analysis, the flexibility of specification section numbering, the contents of the 'available information' document, and the use of addenda and change orders in construction projects. Overall, this document offers valuable insights into the key principles and practices related to construction specifications and project management.

Typology: Exams

2023/2024

Available from 08/20/2024

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CDT exam Questions with Correct
Answers (solved)
1. The method of computation of Contractor's overhead and profits for Change Order
prices, where both additions and deletions are involved, is found in the:
a) Agreement.
b) Conditions of the Contract.
c) Division 01.
d) Instructions to Bidders. - CORRECT ANSWER-b) Conditions of the Contract.
2. General Requirements are part of:
a) Supplementary Conditions.
b) Bidding Requirements.
c) Specifications.
d) Summary of Work. - CORRECT ANSWER-c) Specifications.
3. The three essential considerations in the evaluation of a product are:
a) Requirements, Criteria, and Tests.
b) Costs, Maintenance, and Installation.
c) Life Cycle Cost, Installation Cost, and Maintenance Cost.
d) Case studies, Failures, and Problems. - CORRECT ANSWER-a) Requirements,
Criteria, and Tests.
4. Whose responsibility is it to furnish the Shop Drawings?
a) The Architect/Engineer
b) The Contractor
c) The Owner
d) The Subcontractor - CORRECT ANSWER-b) The Contractor
5. The division of the Work among multiple prime Contracts is described in:
a) Instructions to Bidders.
b) Supplementary Conditions.
c) Division 01.
d) Special Conditions. - CORRECT ANSWER-c) Division 01.
6. During the Project Conception Stage, the A/E may be retained to:
a) Develop outline specifications
b) Describe the character of the mechanical system
c) Prepare renderings
d) Assist in financial feasibility studies - CORRECT ANSWER-d) Assist in financial
feasibility studies
7. What is the main purpose of MasterFormat?
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CDT exam Questions with Correct

Answers (solved)

  1. The method of computation of Contractor's overhead and profits for Change Order prices, where both additions and deletions are involved, is found in the: a) Agreement. b) Conditions of the Contract. c) Division 01. d) Instructions to Bidders. - CORRECT ANSWER-b) Conditions of the Contract.
  2. General Requirements are part of: a) Supplementary Conditions. b) Bidding Requirements. c) Specifications. d) Summary of Work. - CORRECT ANSWER-c) Specifications.
  3. The three essential considerations in the evaluation of a product are: a) Requirements, Criteria, and Tests. b) Costs, Maintenance, and Installation. c) Life Cycle Cost, Installation Cost, and Maintenance Cost. d) Case studies, Failures, and Problems. - CORRECT ANSWER-a) Requirements, Criteria, and Tests.
  4. Whose responsibility is it to furnish the Shop Drawings? a) The Architect/Engineer b) The Contractor c) The Owner d) The Subcontractor - CORRECT ANSWER-b) The Contractor
  5. The division of the Work among multiple prime Contracts is described in: a) Instructions to Bidders. b) Supplementary Conditions. c) Division 01. d) Special Conditions. - CORRECT ANSWER-c) Division 01.
  6. During the Project Conception Stage, the A/E may be retained to: a) Develop outline specifications b) Describe the character of the mechanical system c) Prepare renderings d) Assist in financial feasibility studies - CORRECT ANSWER-d) Assist in financial feasibility studies
  7. What is the main purpose of MasterFormat?

a) for scheduling, value management, recording of design data and managing costs. b) used during the planning stage of a project. c) to organize the Project Manual, reference keynotes and detailed cost estimates. d) when there is a standardized need for information to appear upon each page of a project manual. - CORRECT ANSWER-c) to organize the Project Manual, reference keynotes and detailed cost estimates.

  1. The person who becomes secondarily liable for another's debt or performance is called the: a) Guarantee b) Warrantor c) Guarantor d) Warrantee - CORRECT ANSWER-c) Guarantor
  2. Integrated projects are distinguished by all of the following characteristics except: a) Development of virtual project model through input from a collaborative team b) Trust-based collaboration between project team members c) Maximized efficiency through design, fabrication, and construction d) "Just as needed" team involvement to reduce owner's pre-construction expenses - CORRECT ANSWER-d) "Just as needed" team involvement to reduce owner's pre- construction expenses
  3. Outline Specifications are written for a) only Divisions 02-14 where actual products are discussed b) Divisions 01- 49 c) only Divisions 01-14 (excluding mechanical and electrical) d) the exclusive use of the A/E - CORRECT ANSWER-b) Divisions 01- 49
  4. An example of a MasterFormat Level 3 specification Section is: a) 05 00 00 Metals. b) 05 20 00 Metal Joists. c) 05 21 00 Steel Joist Framing. d) 05 21 19 Open Web Steel Joist Framing. - CORRECT ANSWER-d) 05 21 19 Open Web Steel Joist Framing.
  5. What activities take place in the Project Conception Stage? a) The engineers develop the mechanical and electrical systems. b) The site is selected and the demolition is done. c) Feasibility studies and budget is set. d) The program is evaluated and the engineers are selected. - CORRECT ANSWER-c) Feasibility studies and budget is set.
  6. The document recommended to organize preliminary construction information into a standard order on the basis of systems and assemblies is: a) MasterFormat b) Uniformat

a) Increased coordination of construction documentation. b) Desire Greater prefabrication opportunities. c) Optimized site utilization. d) All of the above. - CORRECT ANSWER-d) All of the above.

  1. The Conditions of the Contract include a) Contract Forms, General Conditions, and Supplementary Conditions. b) General Conditions and Supplementary Conditions. c) General Conditions, Supplementary Conditions, and Division 01. d) Documents within the project manual, except the Bidding Requirements. - CORRECT ANSWER-b) General Conditions and Supplementary Conditions.
  2. The mood that is recommended for specifications is: a) The imperative mood b) The indicative mood c) The symbolic mood d) None of the above - CORRECT ANSWER-a) The imperative mood
  3. During the bid phase, substitutions may be proposed by: a) Prime Bidders only b) Subcontractors only c) Bidders and sub-bidders d) Contractors and Subcontractors only - CORRECT ANSWER-c) Bidders and sub- bidders
  4. What are the three components of project design team coordination? a) Duplication, omissions and discrepancies b) Division One, Division Two and Division Three c) General, Products and Execution d) Organization, Execution and Quality Assurance - CORRECT ANSWER-d) Organization, Execution and Quality Assurance
  5. The burden of performance is assumed by whom when a descriptive specification is used? a) Manufacturer b) Contractor c) Architect/Engineer d) Owner - CORRECT ANSWER-c) Architect/Engineer
  6. Which of the following is TRUE concerning application of integrated project delivery? a) Mutual benefit and reward, and because of early involvement, compensation based on the value added and what's best for the project. b) Collaborative team effort reduces planning and design expenses. c) Determination of liability for decisions is generally made by the team leader in order to reduce arbitration expenses.

d) Technologies such as data exchange protocols evolve on a phase-by-phase basis. - CORRECT ANSWER-a) Mutual benefit and reward, and because of early involvement, compensation based on the value added and what's best for the project.

  1. The construction subcontracts a) are the contracts between the owner and the contractor. b) are the contracts between the owner and the construction manager. c) are the contracts between the contractor and the A/E. d) are the contracts between the contractor and the subcontractors. - CORRECT ANSWER-d) are the contracts between the contractor and the subcontractors.
  2. Owner occupancy of the premises during construction: a) Should not be specified in section covering temporary facilities b) Is specified in Section 01 10 00 Summary. c) Is not a concern of the specifier. d) Precludes Contractor's use of existing facilities such as stairs, elevators and sanitary facilities. - CORRECT ANSWER-b) Is specified in Section 01 10 00 Summary.
  3. The Invitation to Bid: a) contains detailed requirements for submittal of bids. b) legally defines the Contract Documents for a project. c) is designed to attract qualified bidders. d) includes the Instructions to Bidders and the Bid Forms. - CORRECT ANSWER-c) is designed to attract qualified bidders.
  4. During the bidding process: a) Bids may be discussed before the set time of their opening b) Subcontractors may not use Bid Depositories c) The Contractor should expect his potential Subcontractors to review those plans available in plan rooms. d) The bidder should be allowed to withdraw his bid before the specified time for receipt of bids. - CORRECT ANSWER-d) The bidder should be allowed to withdraw his bid before the specified time for receipt of bids.
  5. Which of the following is considered as part of the specifications? a) General Conditions b) Supplementary Conditions c) Division 02-19 Facility Construction d) All of the above - CORRECT ANSWER-c) Division 02-19 Facility Construction
  6. The preprinted General Conditions are modified by: a) additional General Conditions. b) Supplementary Conditions. c) Supplementary General Conditions. d) Special Conditions. - CORRECT ANSWER-b) Supplementary Conditions.
  1. Which two specification methods are both prescriptive, i.e., the products and processes are specified, but not the results: a) Descriptive and Performance b) Performance and Reference c) Proprietary and Reference d) Descriptive and Proprietary - CORRECT ANSWER-d) Descriptive and Proprietary
  2. Views of vertical planes are known as: a) Details b) Elevations c) Cross sections d) Plan views - CORRECT ANSWER-b) Elevations
  3. When cross-referencing between the Drawings and Specifications the proper term is: a) Refer to specifications b) See specifications c) See detail requirements in specifications d) the practice is discouraged - CORRECT ANSWER-d) the practice is discouraged
  4. Which one of the following statements is correct? a) Conflicts and discrepancies are reduced when important information is repeated. b) Important requirements stated in one document should be repeated in other documents to ensure compliance. c) Each requirement should be stated only one time and in the right place. d) The Manual of Practice stresses multiplicity of locations for retrieval of information. - CORRECT ANSWER-c) Each requirement should be stated only one time and in the right place.
  5. Multiple-prime contracts are often a part of a) Turn-key construction b) Phased Construction c) Long duration construction projects d) Fast track construction - CORRECT ANSWER-d) Fast track construction
  6. Marked up or corrected contract drawings that indicate changes incorporated in the Work are called: a) Bidding Requirements b) Contract Forms c) Conditions of the Contract d) Record Drawings - CORRECT ANSWER-d) Record Drawings
  7. The requirements for Contractor to install Owner furnished products should be included in: a) Instructions to Bidders. b) Supplementary Conditions.

c) Division 01. d) Specifications Sections. - CORRECT ANSWER-c) Division 01.

  1. Administrative provision of the construction contract are: a) Fully specified in the Conditions of the Contract b) The Contractor's responsibility and should not be specified c) Written in Division 01 to expand on provision in the Conditions of the Contract d) Written in a manner to avoid Owner responsibilities - CORRECT ANSWER-c) Written in Division 01 to expand on provision in the Conditions of the Contract
  2. Guidance for the proper preparation of the bid form and any attached unit price schedules should be included in the a) Invitation to Bid. b) Instructions to Bidders. c) Specifications d) Addenda - CORRECT ANSWER-b) Instructions to Bidders.
  3. Division 01 sections specify: a) Administrative requirements, procedural requirements, temporary facilities and controls, performance requirements and life cycle activities. b) Legal requirements which would not normally be included in standard General Conditions c) Special Conditions of the Contract d) Technical requirements which do not fit in Division 2- 16 - CORRECT ANSWER-a) Administrative requirements, procedural requirements, temporary facilities and controls, performance requirements and life cycle activities.
  4. Specifications are: a) Reference tools used by the Contractor in conjunction with the drawings and the agreement. b) Technical documents describing the details of building construction for a specific project. c) Legally enforceable Contract Documents that should be prepared with concern and respect for their legal status. d) Describe the technical requirements of the contract in a text type format. - CORRECT ANSWER-c) Legally enforceable Contract Documents that should be prepared with concern and respect for their legal status.
  5. Provisions in the Conditions of the Contract: a) Have priority over Division 01 b) Are superseded by Division 01 c) Are expanded by the provisions of Division 01 d) Are independent and Division 01 provisions have no effect - CORRECT ANSWER-c) Are expanded by the provisions of Division 01
  6. Which of the following words should be capitalized in a specification?

c) On Architect/Engineer's recommendation d) When stipulated in the Owner-Contractor Agreement. - CORRECT ANSWER-d) When stipulated in the Owner-Contractor Agreement.

  1. Division numbers are fixed, but specification section numbers and titles: a) can change to fill in blanks so as to be sequential b) can never be changed from that listed in MasterFormat c) are fixed for level 2 and level 3 sections but can be individually selected for level 4 sections d) are to be shifted as needed when level 4 sections are added - CORRECT ANSWER- c) are fixed for level 2 and level 3 sections but can be individually selected for level 4 sections
  2. The best way to proceed with bidding and contract award even though certain design decisions have not been made is through the use of: a) Unit prices. b) Quantity allowances. c) Cash allowances. d) Alternates. - CORRECT ANSWER-c) Cash allowances.
  3. The Procurement Requirements include a) the solicitation, procurement forms, and the agreement. b) the solicitation, instruction for procurement, available information, procurement forms, and supplements. c) the instruction for procurement, the payment bond and the procurement security forms. d) the procurement security forms, the information to sub-contractors and the agreement. - CORRECT ANSWER-b) the solicitation, instruction for procurement, available information, procurement forms, and supplements.
  4. Why would the cost of the project at close out be different than the total bid price when using unit prices and be acceptable? a) The bid form was incomplete. b) There was a difference between the field measured quantities and the anticipated quantities. c) The cash allowance was too small to cover the extent of the work. d) The unit price was too small to cover the extent of the work. - CORRECT ANSWER- b) There was a difference between the field measured quantities and the anticipated quantities.
  5. Direct selection or negotiated contract method: a) Is generally allowed for public sector projects. b) Is used when the Architect hires the Contractor. c) Does not involve the method of payment. d) Usually is used by the Owner with the probability of better results. - CORRECT ANSWER-d) Usually is used by the Owner with the probability of better results.
  1. Procedures for substitution requests during the bidding phase should be contained in the: a) Instructions to Bidders, cross referenced to General Conditions. b) Division One, cross referenced to Divisions 2-16. c) General Conditions and Divisions 2-16. d) Instructions to Bidders, cross referenced to Division One. - CORRECT ANSWER-d) Instructions to Bidders, cross referenced to Division One.
  2. The US EPA has undertaken a Green Building Strategy in order to accomplish all of the following except: a) Maximize efficiency with which buildings and site use resources b) Raise awareness of economic benefits of green building c) Advance environmental and human health protection d) Pass a constitutional amendment mandating green building practices - CORRECT ANSWER-d) Pass a constitutional amendment mandating green building practices
  3. The third part of the Three-Part Section Format is: a) Application b) Execution c) Installation d) Quality Control - CORRECT ANSWER-b) Execution
  4. The Owner is entitled to stop the Work if: a) The Contractor fails to correct defective Work. b) The Contractor is presumed to be bankrupt. c) There is a safety problem on the site. d) The Architect/Engineer fails to represent Owner properly. - CORRECT ANSWER-a) The Contractor fails to correct defective Work.
  5. When the Contractor considers the Work to be substantially complete, it is the Contractor's responsibility to submit to the Architect/Engineer a: a) Final application for payment. b) List of items to be corrected or completed. c) Certificate of occupancy. d) Waiver, or release, of liens. - CORRECT ANSWER-b) List of items to be corrected or completed.
  6. The construction agreement is a) part of the contract documents which defines the relationships and obligations that exist between the owner and contractor. b) always written by a lawyer to cover the specific situation. c) must be on the A101 - Standard Form of Agreement Between Owner and Contractor. d) part of the contract documents which defines the relationship and obligations that exist between the owner and the design professional. - CORRECT ANSWER-a) part of
  1. The document named "Available Information" is part of the: a) Instructions to Bidders. b) Contract Documents. c) Specifications. d) Procurement Requirements. - CORRECT ANSWER-d) Procurement Requirements.
  2. What organizational system is used in the Preliminary Project Description? a) MasterFormat b) UniFormat c) SectionFormat d) Construction trades - CORRECT ANSWER-b) UniFormat
  3. Addenda are written or graphic instruments used to clarify, revise, add to, or delete information in the: a) Solicitation or Procurement Form b) Original procurement documents or previous addenda c) Contract documents or original procurement documents d) Previous addenda or specifications - CORRECT ANSWER-b) Original procurement documents or previous addenda
  4. As a large facility owner, GSA's largest long-term goal for application of BIM is: a) Allowing contractors to model construction processes to maximize their on-site efficiency b) Management of GSA facilities throughout their lifetime through incorporating and utilizing information on space utilization, building elements and systems c) Reducing design review time for upcoming projects. d) Generating 3-D perspectives and video models of planned government buildings - CORRECT ANSWER-b) Management of GSA facilities throughout their lifetime through incorporating and utilizing information on space utilization, building elements and systems
  5. If after the initial bid opening of a private project, the low bidder defaults, the Owner: a) May accept another bidder. b) Must reject all bids. c) Must rebid the project. d) Will be reimbursed by the construction performance bond. - CORRECT ANSWER-a) May accept another bidder.
  6. Section titles have 5-digit numbers assigned within MasterFormat 2004/2010 for the following Levels: a) Level 1. b) Levels 2 and 3. c) Levels 2, 3, and 4. d) None of the above. - CORRECT ANSWER-d) None of the above.
  7. Unit price contract is used when:

a) Extent of work cannot be fully determined or where actual quantities cannot be accurately calculated. b) Extent of work is known, but the Owner desires a unit cost for portions of the work. c) It is anticipated that bidders will not examine soil bearing reports prior to submitting bid. d) Bidding quantities of equipment. - CORRECT ANSWER-a) Extent of work cannot be fully determined or where actual quantities cannot be accurately calculated.

  1. A classification of construction assemblies is provided by: a) Specifications. b) Project Manual. c) MasterFormat. d) UniFormat. - CORRECT ANSWER-d) UniFormat.
  2. Contract Documents include: a) Written portions of the Contract only. b) Graphic portions of the Contract only. c) Both written and graphic portions of the Contract. d) Bid Forms, Drawings, and Specifications. - CORRECT ANSWER-c) Both written and graphic portions of the Contract.
  3. Under the Three-Part SectionFormat, schedules for painting, finish hardware, equipment, and lighting fixtures, belong in: a) Part 1. b) Part 2. c) Part 3. d) Part 1 & Part 3. - CORRECT ANSWER-c) Part 3.
  4. Under the Three-Part SectionFormat, where is the proper location for Surface Preparation? a) Part 1. b) Part 2. c) Part 3. d) Part 2 & Part 3. - CORRECT ANSWER-c) Part 3.
  5. Which of the following groups of Article Headings would occur in Part 1 of the Three-Part SectionFormat? a) Fabrication, quality assurance, and references. b) References, submittals, and field quality control. c) References, submittals, and related requirements. d) Warranties, allowances, and schedules. - CORRECT ANSWER-c) References, submittals, and related requirements.
  6. Which of the following statements is correct? a) Specifications take precedence over Drawings. b) Requirement of one of the Contract Documents may be superseded by others.
  1. When the bidding requirements requires that a portion of the work in the bid be based on cost, including fee the method is known as: a) Segment Cost. b) Unit Price. c) Cost-Plus Fee. d) Stipulated Price. - CORRECT ANSWER-c) Cost-Plus Fee.
  2. When an outside participant is employed by the Owner to oversee and administer the project, this position is known as: a) Project Manager. b) Owner's Representative. c) Construction Manager. d) Project Consultant. - CORRECT ANSWER-c) Construction Manager.
  3. Lump Sum, Unit Price, or Cost Plus Fee constitute the basis of: a) Selection. b) Payment. c) Award. d) Contract. - CORRECT ANSWER-b) Payment.
  4. An Addendum cannot be used to change the: a) Quality of the Work. b) Contract Sum. c) Quantity of the Work. d) Date and time for receipt of bids. - CORRECT ANSWER-b) Contract Sum.
  5. A valid reason for a Change Order is: a) To increase the amount of the Bid Bond. b) To postpone the bid opening date. c) Because the specified products are not available. d) A change in the Instructions to Bidders. - CORRECT ANSWER-c) Because the specified products are not available.
  6. Principles of the CSI Three-Part SectionFormat apply to which of the following? a) General and Supplementary Conditions. b) Contract Forms. c) Division 01 - General Requirements. d) Instructions to Bidders. - CORRECT ANSWER-c) Division 01 - General Requirements.
  7. The following are the types of clauses that might be included in the Supplementary Conditions EXCEPT: a) Project insurance requirements. b) Liquidated damage amounts. c) Tax exempt status of the Owner. d) Submittal requirements. - CORRECT ANSWER-d) Submittal requirements.