Unit-2-Assignment-Brief, Assignments of Business networking

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Nguyen Manh Tai

NET WORKING REPORT

ASSIGNMENT FRONT SHEET

Qualification BTEC Level 5 HND Diploma in Computing Unit number and title Unit 2: Networking Submission date December, 30th^2019 Date Received 1st submission December, 25th^2019 Re-submission Date Date Received 2nd submission Student Name Nguyễn Mạnh Tài Student ID GCS 17579 Class Networking(1619) Assessor name (^) Hồ Nguyễn Phú Bảo Student declaration I certify that the assignment submission is entirely my own work and I fully understand the consequences of plagiarism. I understand that making a false declaration is a form of malpractice. Student’s signature Grading grid

P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 P6 P7 P8 M1 M2 M3 M4 D1 D2 D

Qualification BTEC Level 5 HND Diploma in Computing Unit number Unit 2: Networking Assignment title Networking Infrastructure Academic Year Fall 2019 (Part 2) Unit Tutor Hồ Nguyễn Phú Bảo Issue date December, 25th^2019 Submission date December, 30th^2019 IV name and date Nguyễn Mạnh Tài Submission format Part 1 The submission is in the form of an individual written report. This should be written in a concise, formal business style using single spacing and font size 12. You are required to make use of headings, paragraphs and subsections as appropriate, and all work must be supported with research and referenced using the Harvard referencing system. Please also provide a bibliography using the Harvard referencing system. The recommended word limit is 2,000–2,500 words, although you will not be penalized for exceeding the total word limit. Part 2 The submission is in the form of an individual evidence portfolio. This assignment can be completed as a group, but each student must produce their own portfolio, which will contain: ● A LAN design plan and blueprint and justification document. ● A fully completed test plan including an evaluation of results and recommendations for improvements to LAN. ● A proposed and justified maintenance schedule. Part 3 ● Evidence of an implemented network. You are required to make use of headings, paragraphs, subsections and illustrations as appropriate, and all work must be supported with research and referenced using the Harvard referencing system. Unit Learning Outcomes

LO1: Examine networking principles and their protocols. LO2: Explain networking devices and operations. LO3: Design efficient networked systems. LO4: Implement and diagnose networked systems. Assignment Brief You are employed as a Network Engineer by Nguyen Networking Limited, a high-tech networking solution development company, which have branches in Hồ Chí Minh City, Hà Nội, Đà Nẵng and Cần Thơ. The company has been contracted to implement a networking project from a local educational institute. The specification of the project is given below: People: 200 students, 15 teachers, 12 marketing and administration staff, 05 higher managers including the head of academics and the program manager, 03 computer network administrators. Resources: 50 student lab computers, 35 staff computers, 03 printers. Building: 03 floors, all computers and printers are on the ground floor apart from the IT labs – one lab located on the first floor and another located on the second floor. As a first task, the CEO of the company Mr. Nguyen has asked you to investigate and explain networking principles, protocols and devices and submit a report. Part 1 You will need to produce a report that includes the following:

1. An introduction to provide an overview of your report.
2. Benefits and constraints of different types of networks and networking standards.
3. The impact of network topology, speed of communication and bandwidth requirements.
4. Effectiveness of networking systems.
5. Discussion on operating principles of networking devices and server types and networking software.
6. Discuss the relationship of workstation hardware with networking software.
7. Explore a range of server types and justify the selection of a server, considering a given scenario regarding cost and performance optimization.
8. For the given specification, identify the topology protocol for the efficient utilization of a networking system. The CEO Mr. Nguyen is happy with your first report and now he has asked you to analyze the specification from the institution, as given earlier. You need to design and implement the networking project within a given time frame: Part 2 - Design efficient networked systems

the requirements and analyse user feedback. LO4 Implement and diagnose networked systems P7 Implement a networked system based on a prepared design. P8 Document and analyse test results against expected results. M4 Recommend potential enhancements for the networked systems. D3 Use critical reflection to evaluate own work and justify valid conclusions. Contents P1 Discuss the benefits and constraints of different network types and standards. ………………………. P2 Explain the impact of network topology, communication and bandwidth requirements. ………………………. P3 Discuss the operating principles of networking devices and server types. ………………………. P4 Discuss the inter-dependence of workstation hardware with relevant networking software. ………………………. P5 Design a networked system to meet a given specification. ………………………. P6 Test and evaluate the design to meet the requirements and analyse user feedback. ………………………. P7 Implement a networked system based on a prepared design. ………………………. P8 Document and analyse test results against expected results. ………………………. References ……………………….

P1 Discuss the benefits and constraints of different network types and standards. _A network is a set of devices that are connected by physical connection in some way to exchange data and share resources. ❖ The benefits and constraints of different network types. ➢ Networks are divided into categories based on their characteristics, but this section will only analyze the advantages and disadvantages of two main types: LAN (Local Area Network) and WAN (Wide Area Network), but ●(Local Area Network)LAN:

• LAN network is a group of devices connected together in a certain area such as school, hospital, office, ... The server is used to provide services to workstations. However, Lan's connection range is small, can only be used in offices, buildings and Workstations can only use services provided by the server. -Along with the ever-increasing technological development, LANs are increasingly being developed and operated in many other forms, such as WANs - LANs are connected together through routers ( Router) or WLAN (Wireless Local Network Area) wireless LAN - computers connected to the network via Wi-Fi. -On the off chance that a neighborhood arrange is actualized by means of radio, it is alluded to as a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN). The WLAN standard's specialized premise is characterized by the IEEE 802.11 group of gauges. Remote neighborhood systems offer the capacity to effortlessly coordinate gadgets into home or corporate systems, and are perfect with wired Ethernet LANs. In any case, the information throughput is lower than for an Ethernet association. -Advantages and disadvantages: The devices in the LAN can exchange information and transfer data easily to each other, can use the same devices as printers, ... High data transfer rates, low installation costs and administration Simple network (Using server- workstation model).

(Wan) ● (Metropolitan Area Network) MAN:

- Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) is a broadband media transmission organize that associates a few LANs in closeness. When in doubt, these are singular foundations in an organization that are associated with a MAN through rented lines. Superior switches and elite fiber-based associations are utilized, which empower an essentially higher information throughput than the web. The exchange speed between two remote hubs is practically identical to that of correspondence inside a LAN. ❖ The benefits and constraints of different network standards.

• It is difficult to manage if the size and number of local networks increases. This is due to additional security and configuration issues and it cannot work on the copper wire of the phone. Copper wire affects the speed of MAN. Therefore, a high cost is necessary for fiber optic cables.

(MAN)

_OSI reference model: OSI reference model is a model based on the hierarchical principle to explain communication techniques between computers and their network protocols.

-Control sessions between computers, control the connection process between applications,... +Layer 6 (Presentation Layer) -This layer is like an interpreter for the whole process. Data is formatted into formats to suit each process. +Layer 7 (Application Layer) -provide means for users to access information and data on the network through the application program. _The data transmission process is as follow: _Data will be imported from the application (layer7), Next, information is transferred to the Presentation layer to convert to a general format for encoding and compressing data (layer 6). Next, the data is transferred to the Session layer for more information about this session (layer 5). Data continued to be transferred to the Transportation class, in this class, the data was cut into multiple Segments and additional information about the mode of data transfer (layer 4). The data continues to be transferred to the Network layer, in this layer, each Segment is cut into multiple Packages and added routing information (layer 3). Then the data is transferred to the Data Link layer. In this class, each Pack will be cut into multiple Frames and additional information about the package check (will be checked at the receiver). Finally, each Frame will be turned into a series of bits by the Physical layer and pushed onto the transmission medium to be transmitted to other devices. _The benefits and constraints of OSI model:

• Benefits: -Help us easily survey and research. -Model distinguish clearly protocol function.
• Constraints: -This model is complex, slow and expensive. -This model is for reference only, not for actual use _TCP/IP models: TCP/IP model is similar to the OSI reference model, but has fewer layers.

+Layer 1 (Link layer) -Is a series of methods that operate on a server connection (Ethernet). +Layer 2 (Internet) -Just like the OSI network layer, this layer has the function of navigating the file to the destination. The common protocol used in this class is IP. +Layer 3 (Transport) -This layer perform the same function as Transport Layer in OSI model. The common protocols used in this layer is TCP and UDP. +Layer 4 (Application) -This layer includes layer 5,6,7 of the OSI model. _The benefits and constraints of TCP/IP model:

• Benefits: -Is the standard model made in practice _The model allows communication between multiple platforms
• Constraints: -Do not distinguish the functions of each class. _Types of Standards:

-The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE, pronounced "eye-triple-E") is a nonprofit, technical professional association in 150 countries. The IEEE is a leading authority in technical areas ranging from computer engineering, to biomedical technology, to telecommunications, to electric power, to aerospace and consumer electronics. The IEEE produces 30 percent of the world's published literature in electrical engineering, computers, and control technology and has nearly 900 active standards with 700 under development.

• Some of the best-known IEEE standards are as follows: a. IEEE 802.1 (LAN/MAN) The IEEE 802.1 group defined internetworking standards, with IEEE 802.1d and IEEE 802.1q used in the local-area networking environment. b. IEEE 802.3 (Ethernet) Several Ethernet standards are used in today's network environment. Some of these standards dictate the bandwidth and operation of the Ethernet LAN, such as Ethernet and Fast Ethernet, whereas other standards dictate how these Ethernet networks function, such as the STP. c. IEEE 802.5 (Token Ring) With Ethernet, any host on the network can send data at any time, as long as no one else is on the line. In contrast, the Token Ring works by passing a token around the network, almost like a relay-race runner passing the baton to the next runner. When a host has possession of this token, it has the right to send data across the network, just as the relay runner can run only when in possession of the baton. If a host has nothing to send, it passes the token to the next host down the line in the network. d. IEEE 802.11 (Wireless LAN) The IEEE 802.11 standard refers to a family of specifications developed for wireless LAN technology. IEEE 802.11 specifies an over-the-air interface between a wireless client and a base station, such as a wireless laptop and a wireless base unit or between two wireless clients, such as between two wireless laptops.

P2 Explain the impact of network topology, communication and bandwidth requirements. _A network requires many factors to be able to function normally, including topology, communication and network bandwidth requirements. Network topology is a structure that shows the layout and arrangement of network devices (physical topology) and data transmission in the network (logical topology). _Communication is the exchange of data between devices on the same network. Communication works on standardized models and protocols to ensure interoperability between devices and make communication easier. The bandwidth is called the width of the electronic frequency band, which indicates the width of the frequency range over which the electrical signal occupies the transmission medium. _The network setup is simple, it is easy to reconfigure the network (adding, removing stations) and can control and troubleshoot quickly, and maximize the transmission speed of the physical line. However, the line length connecting a station to the central equipment is limited (within 100m, with current technology). _ Star Topology: The star network has all stations connected to a central device that receives signals from the stations and transfers them to the destination station. Depending on network communication requirements, the central equipment may be a switch, router, hub or central server. The role of the central equipment is to establish Point to Point links.

P3 Discuss the operating principles of networking devices and server types. -There are many types of network devices, each with different network devices. We will now discuss some of the main devices: Network interface cards, Switch, route, and gateway. + Network Interface Card (NIC): A device that connects a computer and a network cable. They are connected through physical slots such as PCI, ISA, USB, PCMCIA and use standards such as UTP, BNC, AUI to communicate with network cables. (3.1) -Function: Transfer data from bit to electrical signal to transmit on cable, control data flow between computer and cable. In addition, each card has a different MAC address to distinguish and help the packets to be returned to the correct address. +Switch: A device used to connect network segments together (according to the star-shaped network model) or to connect terminals to the network. -Function: They act as a multi-port bridge. The switch receives an electrical signal and converts it into data and passes it to the corresponding port. Most switch work on layer 2, some high-end switch can work on layer 3 as well.

• Route: A device used to transfer data packets between networks or between different VLANS through the routing process. (3.2)

-Function: Transfer data between networks, divide the network into different lines of the network. They operate at Layer 3 of the OSI model. +Gateway: A device used to pair two types of protocols together. (3.3) -Function: Function to connect protocols. In addition, it also has many other functions such as signaling function, packet switching network interface function, signal channel security functions, management functions, recording and reporting functions of used messages. This device operates at Layer 4 and 5 in the OSI model. -The operating principles of server types: Servers are the device used to provide services and resources to other computers. Based on the usage, the function of the server is divided into categories: Web server, database server, FTP server, SMTP server, DNS server, DHCP server.

• Web server: is the server with web software installed (Store and exchange information). Web servers exchange information with computers using the HTTP protocol.
• Database Server: Servers used to store web, data, and information.
• FTP server (File transfer protocol): It is often used to exchange data by TCP / IP protocol.
• SMTP server (Simple mail transfer protocol): Used to transmit email over the internet.
• DNS server (Domain Name System): is the server used to resolve domain names.
• DHCP server (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol): As the server used to provide dynamic IP to workstations, it manages dynamic IP allocation and TCP / IP configuration data.