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Effective Language Use and Presentation Aids in Communication, Study notes of Communication and Presentation Skills

California State Polytechnic University (CPP) - Pomona Communication and Presentation Skills

The power of language and culture in creating meaning, the importance of effective language use, and the benefits of using presentation aids to reinforce understanding, grab attention, and improve credibility. Topics include understanding the symbolic and arbitrary nature of words, the role of culture, effective use of language, common language errors, speech devices, and presentation aids.

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2011/2012

Uploaded on 03/16/2012

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Chapter 8 Using Language Successfully

Understand how meaning & culture create language and the power of language

Meaning-words are symbols that you create, learn and use to express your thoughts and

feelings.

oSymbolic: represents what it is referring to either by association, resemblance or

convention

oArbitrary: relationship between work and what it stands for.

Culture: learned patterns of beliefs, values, attitudes, norms, practices customs and

behaviors share by a large group of people.

oDynamic or in a constant process of reinvention, shared, transmitted from

generation to generation, based on symbols(language)

Power: language helps you understand and create meaning, and through language, you

create, share and transmit cultural identity. Its powerful.

Denotative- dictionary meaning

Connotative- meaning we give the words( emotional and personal)

Effective Use of Language

oCorrect

oClear

oSpecific

oAppropriate

oOral style

oDistinctive

Correct

oMalapropism: incorrect world when speaker is not familiar with the best word for

the situation or selscts one the sounds similar to the correct word.

Error 1 – misplaced modifier

Error 2 – pronouns

Error 3- went versus gone

Error 4- subject/verb agreement

Clear

oAbbreviation- shorting the words

oAcronym- word formed form the initials

Specific

oConcrete worlds create precision, clarity, and vividness. Focus on a person,

object, action and/or behavior and help listeners create a complete and hopefully

accurate image

oCliches- over use word or phrases

oFillers- sounds, words or phrases that serve no purpose and don’t help audience to

understand.

Appropriate

oDoublespeak- language that disguises or distorts what you mean

oEuphemisms- less direct words or phrases that are used to replace harsh,

distasteful or offensive language.

Oral style:

oEveryday language, personal pronouns, shortner sentences that put the subjects

and verbs close together

Distinctive-

olanguage that stood out from the norms

Discover Study notes of Communication and Presentation Skills California State Polytechnic University (CPP) - Pomona

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Chapter 8 Using Language Successfully Understand how meaning & culture create language and the power of language  Meaning-words are symbols that you create, learn and use to express your thoughts and feelings. o Symbolic: represents what it is referring to either by association, resemblance or convention o Arbitrary: relationship between work and what it stands for.  Culture: learned patterns of beliefs, values, attitudes, norms, practices customs and behaviors share by a large group of people. o Dynamic or in a constant process of reinvention, shared, transmitted from generation to generation, based on symbols(language)  Power: language helps you understand and create meaning, and through language, you create, share and transmit cultural identity. Its powerful.  Denotative- dictionary meaning  Connotative- meaning we give the words( emotional and personal)  Effective Use of Language o Correct o Clear o Specific o Appropriate o Oral style o Distinctive  Correct o Malapropism: incorrect world when speaker is not familiar with the best word for the situation or selscts one the sounds similar to the correct word.  Error 1 – misplaced modifier  Error 2 – pronouns  Error 3- went versus gone  Error 4- subject/verb agreement  Clear o Abbreviation- shorting the words o Acronym- word formed form the initials  Specific o Concrete worlds create precision, clarity, and vividness. Focus on a person, object, action and/or behavior and help listeners create a complete and hopefully accurate image o Cliches- over use word or phrases o Fillers- sounds, words or phrases that serve no purpose and don’t help audience to understand.  Appropriate o Doublespeak- language that disguises or distorts what you mean o Euphemisms- less direct words or phrases that are used to replace harsh, distasteful or offensive language.  Oral style: o Everyday language, personal pronouns, shortner sentences that put the subjects and verbs close together  Distinctive- o language that stood out from the norms

o unique attention grabbing and memorable  Benefits of using vivid language & speech devices  Vivid language o Bright, glowing, vibrant, colorful, dramatic, and flamboyant o Sight, sound,smell, taste, touch, movement, and tension o Tropes: transform ordinary words  Smilir, metaphor, personification, oxymoron, hyperhole, irony, onomatopoeia, rhetorical questions.  Speech devices o Schemes- help you create distinctive language  Repetition, assonance, alleration, parallelism, antithesis, anastrophe, asyndeton CHAPTER 10 Using Presentation Aids  Benefits: o Reinforce understanding and promote clarity o Grab attention o Assist with retention o Improve your credibility o Help you cross a cultural divide o Convey emotion o Persuade  Credibility  Draws attention/ interest  Help understand, explain and gain attention  Argument  Types: o Actual items o Models o Photographs o Drawing o Charts and tables o Graphs o Media o  guidelines for successful use o Proofread, preview and practice o Know when to display aid o Don’t pass it around o Use the touch turn talk method o Back up place CHAPTER 12 Evaluating Speeches Why, how and the benefits of evaluating speeches  Why o Teaches critical thinking skills o Builds confidence

o Main points o Organize support materials into arguments CHAPTER 16 Special Event Speeches  Reasons for and types of special occasion speeches  Celebrate o Weddings o Birthdays o Graduations o Keep it brief o Recognize size of audience o Figure out where you are at a line up o Who you are next/ before in line up o Focus on biggest purpose of why you are there o It’s not only about you and that person o Build a sense of community  Commemorative o Funerals o Worst day in someone’s life o Eulogy?? o Speak to make audience remember feelings rather than what you said o What u say doesn’t really matter o End with feeling of hope o Write down “entire” speech if eulogy o It’s about the message  Inspire o Church o Pep Rally  Entertain o Comedy o Humor Appropriate  Creating a special occasion speech o Purpose o Special occasion o Audience o Central idea o Research o Outline o Practice o evaluate

Effective Language Use and Presentation Aids in Communication, Study notes of Communication and Presentation Skills

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