Website Development: DNS, Domain Names, Hosting, Technologies, Tools, and Software, Assignments of Web Design and Development

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Contents

• 1- Hosting and Managing the Website:...........................................................................................
  • 1-1 DNS and Domain Names:......................................................................................................
• 1-2 Communication Protocols, Server Hardware, OS, and Web Server Software:......................... - 1) Communication Protocols:................................................................................................... - 2) Server Hardware and Software:........................................................................................... - 3) Operating System:................................................................................................................
  • 1-3 Web development technologies and frameworks:.................................................................
  • 1-4 Website Publishing:...............................................................................................................
  • 1-5 Search Engine:.....................................................................................................................
• 2- Technologies, Tools and Software:...........................................................................................
  • 2-1 Front-End and Back-End:....................................................................................................
  • 2-2 Website Creation Tools and Custom-Built Sites:................................................................
  • 2-3 Website Creation Tools and Custom-Built Sites:................................................................
• 3- Website Design and Documentation:........................................................................................
  • 3-1 Client and User Requirements:............................................................................................
    • 3-2 Sitemap:..............................................................................................................................
    • 3-3 WireFrames:........................................................................................................................
  • 3-4 Design Elements:.................................................................................................................
  • 3-5 Screen Shots:........................................................................................................................
  • 3-6 Website Evaluation:.............................................................................................................
  • 3-7 Technical Challenges:..........................................................................................................
• 4- Website Testing:........................................................................................................................
  • 4-1 Objective of Test Plan:.........................................................................................................
  • 4-2 Testing Process:...................................................................................................................
    • 4-3 Testing Schedule:................................................................................................................
  • 4-4 Test Cases:...........................................................................................................................
  • 4-5 Assessment of Website and Testing:................................................................................... - 4-5-1 QA Process:.................................................................................................................
    • 4-5-2 Results:............................................................................................................................

A non-recursive query, it is a query which the DNS resolver knows the answer of the query. It returns a DNS record immediately because it is stored in the local cache memory. Domain names are managed and organized by subdomains which are divided into levels and belong the DNS root domain. Top-level domains are the first level of domain names, and it includes a generic top-level domains such as (.com, .net and .org) and may include country code top-level domains (.uk, .il, .au, .de, .fi,). The ccTLDs are in the right of the dot. there are second and third-level domain names Under Top-level domains, in the DNS hierarchy and located right before the Top-level domain.

1-2 Communication Protocols, Server

Hardware, OS, and Web Server

Software:

1)Communication Protocols:

- TCP (Transmission Control Protocol):

It is a communications protocol that manages the exchange of data over a network between applications and computing devices. It is a connection- oriented protocol which ensures the sending of packets via the internet to be successfully delivered.

- HTTP (Hyper Text Transfer Protocol): HTTP controls the data transactions between the web client and web server, it sends text-based data between the client and the server, and it is an insecure protocol. To address the need for secure web networking, we can use HTTPS protocol. HTTPS is the secured version of HTTP, which is a protocol which sends the data, but this data will be encrypted in order to increase security of data transfer. This is important when users need to transmit sensitive data. - FTP (File Transfer Protocol): It is a communications protocol used to send files from device to another device, one of them is the server, and the two devices should have an Internet connection, it allows the users to download files, programs, and web pages which are available in the servers. - POP3 (Post Office Protocol): It is a communication protocol used in the Internet connection to transfer messages from E-mail server to E-mail client. The e-mail client requests messages from the E-mail server, and the server send all new messages to the client.

1-3 Web development technologies and frameworks: There are many different web development technologies and frameworks. However, some of the most popular ones include:

1. HTML
   2. CSS
2. JavaScript
3. AngularJS
4. ReactJS
5. Node.js
6. PHP Each of these technologies and frameworks has its own benefits. Let's take a closer look at each of them. 1. HTML HTML5 is a newer web development technology. It was first released in 2014. HTML5 is a powerful technology that allows you to create dynamic pages. It also provides a number of features that were not available in earlier versions of HTML. These features include:
7. The ability to create multimedia content.
8. The ability to create offline applications.
9. The ability to create drag-and-drop interfaces. HTML5 is also a more semantic technology. This means that it uses tags that describe the content of a page, rather than tags that describe the layout of a page. This makes the code more readable and easier to maintain.

2. CSS

CSS3 is a newer version of the CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) language. It was first released in 2011. CSS3 provides a number of features that were not available in earlier versions of CSS. These features include:

1. The ability to create rounded corners.
2. The ability to create gradients.
3. The ability to create shadows. CSS3 is also a more semantic language. This means that it uses tags that describe the content of a page, rather than tags that describe the layout of a page. This makes the code more readable and easier to maintain.
4. JavaScript is a programming language that was first released in 1995. JavaScript is a powerful language that allows you to create dynamic pages. It also provides a number of features that were not available in earlier versions of JavaScript. These features include:
5. The ability to create modular code.
6. The ability to create reusable components.
7. The ability to create asynchronous code. JavaScript is also a more semantic language. This means that it uses tags that describe the content of a page, rather than tags that describe the layout of a page. This makes the code more readable and easier to maintain.
8. AngularJS is a JavaScript framework that was first released in 2009. AngularJS is a powerful framework that allows you to create dynamic pages. It also provides a number of features that were not available in earlier versions of AngularJS. These features include:
9. Active community on Google

1. The ability to create modular code.
2. The ability to create reusable components.
3. The ability to create asynchronous code. PHP is also a more semantic language. This means that it uses tags that describe the content of a page, rather than tags that describe the layout of a page. This makes the code more readable and easier to maintain. 1-4 Website Publishing:

1. Search for available Domain names in GoDaddy website.
2. Add the domain name to the cart.
3. Check out and complete purchase.

4. we complete the domain name purchasing process.
5. Now, the hosting registration. Go to infinityfree website and create an account.

7. Create a hosting account.
8. Click on custom domain and type your domain name.
9. You need to change the nameservers in your GoDaddy domain name to these name servers.
10. Go to GoDaddy account and from the top menu click on your account then My Products.

11. Then click on DNS.
12. Click on change.
13. Type the new Nameservers and click Save.

18. Now you need to upload your database, go back to your hosting account and click on control panel.
19. Search for MySQL Databases and click on it and type your database name, then click create database and include these data into your connection file, then click on Admin.
20. Then, import your SQL file into your database.
21. Finally, you can visit your website by your domain name.

1-5 Search Engine: A search engine is a web site that allows users to search for information on the internet and enables users to locate information on the World Wide Web. The most popular search engines are Google, Yahoo! and Bing. Millions of people use search engines every day to find information on the web. The search engine program collects information from websites and stores it in a database. When a user enters a keyword or phrase into the search engine, the program scans the database for websites that contain the keyword or phrase and then displays the websites in a list. In order to improve the ranking of their websites in Google’s search results, website owners began to engage in a practice called search engine optimization (SEO)

2. Optimizing the content of the web site. This includes adding relevant keywords and phrases to the text of the web site.
3. Creating a blog and submitting articles to article directories. This helps to increase the number of links to the web site, and also helps to improve the content of the web site.
4. Submitting the web site to search engines and directories. This helps to ensure that the web site is indexed by the search engines, and that it appears in the search engine results pages.

2- Technologies, Tools and Software:

2-1 Front-End and Back-End:

Front-End development, it is also known as client-side development is a way of using HTML, CSS, and JavaScript codes to produce and create a website or a web application. by that user can see and interact with its elements directly. It has a graphical user interfaces (GUI’s) with buttons, well designed graphics, links, animation, search bar, and navigation bars. Every element on the website, the overall pages layout, user interaction with these pages, managing software workflow and create a responsive design for all screens all of this related Front-End. Back-End Development is also known as server-side development. It is the logic behind every action or activity which happen on a website or web application which users can’t see, and it primarily deals with Databases, backend logics, APIs, and Servers. And all that is done by a pure programming languages (PHP, Java, Python, and ruby) codes or by frameworks (Laravel (PHP), Django (Python), Spring Boot (Java)). Presentation layer we can say that it is the front-end layer which includes the user interfaces, and these user interfaces is graphical user interfaces which can be accessed by web browsers that display web page with its components to the user. So, its main purpose is to display data and collect it from the user Application layer it is the logic layer of the website, in this layer, we can collect information which is collected in the presentation and store or retrieve it from the data layer. The application layer can be developed using (Python, Java, PHP, or Ruby) and communicates with the data layer using API’s. 2-2 Website Creation Tools and Custom-Built Sites:

- Website Creation Tools: