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Higher Nationals in Computing

Unit 10: Website Design and Development

ASSIGNMENT 1

Learner’s name: DINH NGOC LONG

ID: GCS

Class: GCS1005A

Subject code: 1633

Assessor name: PHAN MINH TAM

Assignment due: Assignment submitted:

❒ Summative Feedback: ❒ Resubmission Feedback:

Grade: Assessor Signature: Date:

Signature & Date:

Assignment Brief 1 (RQF)

Higher National Certificate/Diploma in Computing

Student Name/ID Number: Unit Number and Title: Unit 10: Website Design & Development Academic Year: 2021 – 2022 Unit Assessor: Phan Minh Tam Assignment Title: Web Technologies Issue Date: 21 March 2022 Submission Date: Internal Verifier Name: Date: Submission Format: Format: The submission is in the form of two documents/files ● A ten-minute Microsoft® PowerPoint® style presentation which can be shared with your colleagues for feedback. The presentation can include links to performance data with additional speaker notes and a bibliography using the Harvard referencing system. The presentation slides for the findings should be submitted with speaker notes as one copy. ● An extended guidebook or detailed report that provides more thorough, evaluated or critically reviewed technical information on all of the topics covered in the presentation. Submission ● Students are compulsory to submit the assignment in due date and in a way requested by the Tutor. ● The form of submission will be a soft copy posted on http://cms.greenwich.edu.vn/. ● Remember to convert the word file into PDF file before the submission on CMS. Note: ● The individual Assignment must be your own work, and not copied by or from another student.

Learning Outcomes and Assessment Criteria (Assignment 1): Learning Outcome Pass Merit Distinction LO1 (^) P1 Identify the purpose and types of DNS, including explanations on how domain names are organised and managed. P2 Explain the purpose and relationships between communication protocols, server hardware, operating systems and web server software with regards to designing, publishing and accessing a website. M1 Evaluate the impact of common web development technologies and frameworks with regards to website design, functionality and management. M2 Review the influence of search engines on website performance and provide evidence-based support for improving a site’s index value and rank through search engine optimisation. D1 Justify the tools and techniques chosen to realize a custom built website. LO2 (^) P3 Discuss the capabilities and relationships between front-end and back-end website technologies and explain how these relate to presentation and application layers. P4 Discuss the differences between online website creation tools and custom built sites with regards to design flexibility, performance, functionality, User Experience (UX) and User Interface (UI). M3 Evaluate a range of tools and techniques available to design and develop a custom built website.

Table of Contents

• Unit 10: Website Design and Development ASSIGNMENT Contents
• Assignment Brief 1 (RQF)....................................................................................................................................
  • Higher National Certificate/Diploma in Computing............................................................................................
• managed................................................................................................................................................................. P1 Identify the purpose and types of DNS, including explanations on how domain names are organised and
  • 1. Introduction to DNS..................................................................................................................................
    • 1.1 What is DNS.......................................................................................................................................
    • 1.2 Types of DNS and purpose of them..................................................................................................
  • 2. How domain names are organised and managed....................................................................................
  • 2.1 How to manage domain names.................................................................................................................
  • 2.2 How to organize domain names................................................................................................................
• systems and web server software with regards to designing, publishing and accessing a website.................. P2 Explain the purpose and relationships between communication protocols, server hardware, operating
  • 1. Communication protocols.........................................................................................................................
    • 1.1 Definition............................................................................................................................................
    • 1.2 Purpose...............................................................................................................................................
    • 1.3 Some protocols used in website.........................................................................................................
  • 2. Server hardwares......................................................................................................................................
    • 2.1 Definition............................................................................................................................................
    • 2.2 Purpose...............................................................................................................................................
    • 2.3 Example..............................................................................................................................................
  • 3. Operating systems.....................................................................................................................................
    • 3.1 Definition............................................................................................................................................
    • 3.2 Purpose...............................................................................................................................................
    • 3.3 Common OS.....................................................................................................................................
  • 4. Web server softwares..............................................................................................................................
    • 4.1 Definition..........................................................................................................................................
    • 4.2 Purpose.............................................................................................................................................
    • 4.3 Common web server softwares.......................................................................................................
  • web server softwares....................................................................................................................................... 5. Explain the relationship between communication protocols, server hardwares, operating systems,
  • 6. How to publishing and accessing a website on Internet........................................................................
    • 6.1 Publishing a website on Internet....................................................................................................
    • 6.2 Accessing a website on Internet......................................................................................................
• explain how these relate to presentation and application layers...................................................................... P3 Discuss the capabilities and relationships between front-end and back-end website technologies and
  • 1. Front-End.................................................................................................................................................
    • 1.1 What is Front-End...........................................................................................................................
    • 1.2 Common front-end technologies.....................................................................................................
    • 2. Back-End..............................................................................................................................................
    • 2.1 What is Back-End............................................................................................................................
    • 2.2 Common back-end technologies.....................................................................................................
  • 4. The relationship between front-end and back-end in building a website............................................
• design flexibility, performance, functionality, User Experience (UX) and User Interface (UI)..................... P4. Discuss the differences between online website creation tools and custom built sites with regards to
  • 1. What is UX...............................................................................................................................................
  • 2. What is UI................................................................................................................................................
  • 3. Online website creation tools......................................................................................................................
    • 3.1 Definition................................................................................................................................................
    • 3.2 Common tools........................................................................................................................................
  • 4. Custom build site.........................................................................................................................................
    • 4.1 Definition................................................................................................................................................
    • 4.2 Some common custom build site...........................................................................................................
  • 5. The difference between online website creation tools and custom build site...........................................
• References……………………………………………………………………………………………………… - Figure 1: DNS Server.................................................................................................................................... List of figure - Figure 2: Root Name Servers........................................................................................................................ - Figure 3: TLD Nameserver........................................................................................................................... - Figure 4: Domain names............................................................................................................................... - Figure 5: Protocols........................................................................................................................................ - Figure 6: Purpose of Communication protocols.........................................................................................
• Figure 7: HTTP and HTTPS........................................................................................................................
• Figure 8: Telnet protocol..............................................................................................................................
• Figure 9: FTP protocol..................................................................................................................................
• Figure 10: IPSec protocol..............................................................................................................................
• Figure 11: Server hardwares........................................................................................................................
• Figure 12: Operating system........................................................................................................................
• Figure 13: Purpose of operating system.......................................................................................................
• Figure 14: Microsoft Windows...................................................................................................................
• Figure 15: MacOS.......................................................................................................................................
• Figure 16: Android......................................................................................................................................
• Figure 17: IOS.............................................................................................................................................
• Figure 18: Ubuntu.......................................................................................................................................
• Figure 19: Fedora........................................................................................................................................
• Figure 20: chrome OS.................................................................................................................................
• Figure 21: solus............................................................................................................................................
• Figure 22: Kali Linux..................................................................................................................................
• Figure 23: Solaris.........................................................................................................................................
• Figure 24: Web server softwares definition...............................................................................................
• Figure 25: purpose of web server softwares..............................................................................................
• Figure 26: Web server softwares................................................................................................................
• Figure 27: Web server softwares Microsoft IIS........................................................................................
• Figure 28: Web server softwares Apache HTTP.......................................................................................
• Figure 29: Web server softwares Apache..................................................................................................
• Figure 30: Web server softwares Lighttpd................................................................................................
• Figure 31: Use hosting, domain name and FTP........................................................................................
• Figure 32: Use supporting web-based IDEs like JSFiddle........................................................................
• Figure 33&34: Basic setup Github.............................................................................................................
• Figure 35: Upload........................................................................................................................................
• Figure 36: Test website interface................................................................................................................
• Figure 37: URL website..............................................................................................................................
• Figure 38: IP Address.................................................................................................................................
• Figure 39: Router........................................................................................................................................
• Figure 40: HTTP data exchange.................................................................................................................
• Figure 41: web browsers render pages......................................................................................................
• Figure 42: Front-end...................................................................................................................................
• Figure 43: React..........................................................................................................................................
• Figure 44: Vue.js..........................................................................................................................................
• Figure 45: Angular......................................................................................................................................
• Figure 46: Semantic UI...............................................................................................................................
• Figure 47: Foundation.................................................................................................................................
• Figure 48: Materialize.................................................................................................................................
• Figure 49: Ember.........................................................................................................................................
• Figure 50: Preact.........................................................................................................................................
• Figure 50: Svelte..........................................................................................................................................
• Figure 51: Bootstrap...................................................................................................................................
• Figure 52: Material-UI................................................................................................................................
• Figure 53: Top 10 Backend Technologies..................................................................................................
• Figure 54: Java............................................................................................................................................
• Figure 55: Python........................................................................................................................................
• Figure 56: Ruby...........................................................................................................................................
• Figure 57: PHP............................................................................................................................................
• Figure 58: Java............................................................................................................................................
• Figure 59: C#.NET......................................................................................................................................
• Figure 60: Perl.............................................................................................................................................
• Figure 61: C++.............................................................................................................................................
• Figure 62: Kotlin.........................................................................................................................................
• Figure 63: Scala...........................................................................................................................................
• Figure 64: UX..............................................................................................................................................
• Figure 65: UI................................................................................................................................................
• Figure 66: Online website creation tools....................................................................................................
• Figure 67: IM tool........................................................................................................................................
• Figure 68: WiX tool.....................................................................................................................................
• Figure 69: SquareSpace tool.......................................................................................................................
• Figure 70: Custom build site.......................................................................................................................
• Figure 71: THE ECONOMIST: TRACKING ENERGY.........................................................................
• Figure 72: HITPARADE.CH: 50 YEARS SWISS MUSIC CHARTS.....................................................
• Figure 73: The Boat.....................................................................................................................................
• Figure 74: Online website creation tools and custom build site...............................................................

ASSIGNMENT 1 ANSWERS

P1 Identify the purpose and types of DNS, including explanations on how

domain names are organised and managed.

1. Introduction to DNS

1.1 What is DNS

The Domain Name System, or DNS, converts human readable domain names (like www.amazon.com) into computer understandable IP addresses (for example, 192.0.2.44).

Figure 1: DNS Server

1.2 Types of DNS and purpose of them

• Root Name Servers: The information to search the domain name servers hosting (authority) for top-level domain names is contained on this domain name server (top-level-domain). P a g e | 1

The ROOT server can send out queries to discover at the very least the address details of domain name servers belonging to the top-level domain class containing the desired domain name.

Figure 2: Root Name Servers

• DNS Recursor: As was already established, this "hardware" performs the role of a diligent worker, obtaining information for the browser to locate what they need and returning it to them.
• TLD Nameserver: The highest level of domain names in the root zone of the DNS of the Internet is known as a TLD (top-level domain). It is the last portion of the domain name—the label that comes after the final dot of a fully qualified domain name—for all domains at lower levels.

Figure 3: TLD Nameserver

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2.2 How to organize domain names as follows: The company that manages domain names also sells domain registration packages in bulk. Top-level domains, or TLDs, are used as domain extensions on domains. A domain name registrar, such as Google Domains, is required for domain name registration. Google Domains collaborates with registrars of domain names to offer domain names with particular domain extensions.

P2 Explain the purpose and relationships between communication protocols,

server hardware, operating systems and web server software with regards to

designing, publishing and accessing a website.

1. Communication protocols

1.1 Definition

A set of common guidelines that permit two or more entities in a communication system to communicate are known by other names such as communication protocol, internetworking protocol, interaction protocol, or information exchange protocol data and information exchanged via communication channels. Rules, syntax, semantics, synchronization in the communication process, and methods to deal with line errors will all be defined by the protocol. Hardware, software, or a combination of the two may implement communication protocols.

Figure 5: Protocols

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1.2 Purpose

For reliable data transmission over a faulty communication channel, communication protocols for digital signal communication in computer networks have various properties.

Figure 6: Purpose of Communication protocols

1.3 Some protocols used in website

• Protocol for Hypertext Transfer (HTTP)
• Secure Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTPS)

Figure 7: HTTP and HTTPS

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• IP Safety (IPSec)

Figure 10: IPSec protocol

2. Server hardwares

2.1 Definition

The devices and parts that make up a full server have hardware called server hardware. Hardware devices on a PC include things like a mouse, keyboard, monitor, hard disk, DVD drive, etc. Simply defined, hardware consists of the visible components.

Figure 11: Server hardwares

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2.2 Purpose

The hardware specifications for a server will differ depending on its intended use. In order to serve a large number of users on a network, the server must meet a variety of requirements. Hardware dependability and endurance are crucial factors since servers frequently function for extended periods of time without interruption, necessitating very high availability. It takes a lengthy time for many server hardware configurations to power up and load the operating system. Servers often do memory checks before booting up and launch remote management programs. The hard-drive controllers then start the drives sequentially, but not all at once, so as not to overload the power supply with incremental boot, and then they start running to the system. RAID requires testing for the correct operation of the backup device.

2.3 Example

Application Server: Also referred to as "Middleware," the application server is primarily utilized to link the client to the database server. Web server: It loads files from disk to offer web browsers with static content. All data is transmitted between the browser and the server through HTTP when a user attempts to open any web page on their browser across the network. File servers: These servers provide file distribution and storage, allowing all clients and users to exchange data stored on the server. Hardware for file servers is built to maximize read and write speeds to improve performance.

3. Operating systems

3.1 Definition

An operating system (OS) is a type of system software that controls how computer hardware and software resources are used and offers basic services to other software applications. Operating systems that employ time-sharing plan activities to make the most of the system's resources. They may also contain accounting software to allocate costs for processing time, mass storage, printing, and other resources. The operating system serves as a bridge between programs and computer hardware for hardware functions like input and output and memory allocation. From mobile phones and video game consoles to web servers and supercomputers, many devices that house a computer have operating systems. P a g e | 8