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WGU c208 Final OA Study
1. Which three individuals within an organization could play the role of change agent: ceo
consultant employee
2. Which of the eight steps described by Kotter is the first step a change leader takes when implementing a change:
Establishing a sense of urgency
3. Place the stages of Everett Roger's Diffusion of Innovation model in order from 1 (earliest stage) to 5 (latest
stage): knowledge persuasion decision implementation confirmation
4. The head of human resources of a large company is considering changes to the employee benefits program
but is unsure how the employees will respond to these changes Which type of change model should this person employ?: Descriptive
5. Which two statements characterize low end disruption: it is an innovation that is good enough
it evolves over time into a product with more features
6. Which approaches would be appropriate for communicating change initia- tives?
Choose 2 answers: Communicating change initiatives through email Explaining why the change is needed
7. What is essential for a leader to communicate when undertaking organiza- tional change?: a consistent vision of the
end result of the change
8. how should training be viewed during organizational change: as a worthwhile investment in a successful transition
9. How can a leader connect with employees to help sustain organizational change?: ottering positive feedback
10. Which approach is proven and effective in using reinforcements to sustain change?: Directing leaders to focus on
profit-driven goals, market share, and employee satisfaction
11. What is a common cause for the failure of organizational change: unclear goals
12. Which role does creative tension play in organizational change according to Peter Senge?: It drives people to
bring reality in line with their vision
13. which emotion is prevalent among almost all employees during the process of organizational change?:
anger
14. which practice can lead to unconscious resistance to attempts at organiza- tional change?: tiring statt with
unrelated demands
15. how can leaders effectively address resistance to change through commu- nications: by being consistent, open,
and empathetic
16. How do mental model impact individuals' responses to organizational change according to Black and
Gregersen?: Mental models can become barriers that prevent stakeholders' from perceiving the need for change
17. Which scenario is an example of on e of Black and Gregersen's strategies for overcoming barriers to change: A
CEO champions a change process by both accepting responsibility and providing clear metrics for the change initiatives
18. How should leaders view difficult questions and serious concerns from employees about change
initiatives: as indications that the leadership team has failed to plan appropriately
19. How is responding to change resistance in the non-profit sector different from in the the private sector?:
many employees are strongly committed to organizations mission.
20. case study:
it helps guard against regression to old ways of doing things
31. a manager attempting to implements a change initiative finds the em- ployees strongly embrace the
organizations mission and feel the urgency to change. The manager is grateful for the workers reactions because the manag- er is very uncomfortable using power tools to coerce support of the initiative. In which sector does this manager most likely work for?: nonprofit
32. refer to the case study: Cellular Systems Inc. - 20/20 vision and answer the
following questions How should the vice president proceed now that the directors voices their objections and concerns about the new targets: schedule an additional meeting in one week and ask the directors to present their won plans on how they will meet the new targets.
33. which two characteristics are ideal for entrepreneurs to have. choose 2 answers:
enthusiastic outlook resiliency after failures
34. why is discovery the first stage of the entrepreneurial process: entrepreneurs can determine what they want to do and if
there is an opportunity
35. Which question is most appropriately considered during the discovery stage-
: does my product or service meet an unmet demand
36. why are prototypes useful during the market evaluation stage of the entre- preneurial process?: Prototypes are
a way to measure consumer interest in a new product or service
37. What are two reasons why an entrepreneur might choose to structure his venture as a corporation: to structure
the venture in a simple, less costly way that promotes more flexibility in decision-making to enable the venture to survive beyond the entrepreneurs lifetime
38. What is one outcome of the strategic planning stage of the entrepreneurial process: a mission statement
39. how can operational planning assist with financial planning during the fifth stage of the entrepreneurial
process: sales projections from the marketing plan can be used to project revenue
40. What are three reasons to create business plans: they require entrepreneurs to extensively research the market opportunity
They help entrepreneurs figure out solutions to potential challenges before starting operations They are helpful in attracting financing and investments to launch a venture
41. what challenge does the implementation stage present for some entrepre- neurs: a primary focus on
observation and documentation
42. An entrepreneur would like to secure access to both a large sum of chase and industry experience.
Which funding option would best align with this entrepreneurs overall good: - Equity investors
43. An entrepreneur comes up with a great idea for her business.
Which concept does this entrepreneur need to understand when developing a new enterprise: a great idea cannot succeed without ettective communication
44. Which features are highly important to the sustainability of new ventures according to Barney and
Clark: competencies and capabilities
45. What is social entrepreneurship: The application of entrepreneurial tools to solve societal problems
46. What two statements describe social entrepreneurs: they look for innovative ways to solve existing problems
they employ entrepreneurial tools to address community issues
47. Which description explains the relationship between creativity and vision: -
Innovation is the conversion of creative new ideas into new products, processes and services
59. which element of the cultural web represents the dress code, logos, and furnishings of an entity:
symbols
60. Which position describes the anthropologic view of the role leaders in shap- ing organizational culture:
leaders are part of the culture
61. A healthcare system is planning for the future increase in elderly patients as baby boomers age.
Which type of change force is this health care system responding to: socioeconomic
62. What does an organization seek during third-order change: seeing things ditterently
63. Which attitude can contribute to the success of organizational change: Open- ness to experimentation
64. What can lead to the failure of an excellent and well-planned change-man- agement effort: employee
exhaustion and fatigue insuflcient communication about change initiatives
65. How do change and innovation efforts affect an organizations culture: they can alter the organizations identity
66. What should a leader welcome in order to encourage innovation and other changes: creative risk taking
67. Which change implementation technique might work better in the culture of a military environment than
it would in a nonprofit organization: reliance power tools
68. Why is diversity important to compete in the global marketplace: employees varying backgrounds provide ditterent
tools for seeing and solving problems
69. Which strategy reflects a company's commitment to sustainability: spending more now to acquire materials from a
provider that minimizes environmental impact
70. A large engineering company is bidding on a project to build a new power plant in China. The
Chinese government has dictated that the winning bid will be required to produce 75% of the material used in
construction from Chinese companies. The engineering company has sent their global vice president of sourcing to meet with the potential suppliers in China and choose a source for several critical materials. which type of change force is the engineering company responding to: political
71. Which stage in Kurt Lewin's change model involves changes being institu- tionalized in the corporate
culture?: Refreezing
72. Which of the following does not characterize the management style known as empowerment?: Reliance on
hierarchy
73. What is the first step in John Kotter's eight-step process for transformational change?: Establish a sense of
urgency
74. Which of the following is not an explanation for why people resist change at work?: Management has explained
and demonstrated the need for change.
75. Why does John Kotter advocate creating "short-term wins" in his eight-step process for change?: They help to
create a feeling of progress as well as an opportunity to reward employees
76. The development of the Internet is an example of: radical innovation
77. Which stage in Kurt Lewin's change model involves people employing new skills and attitudes and
being rewarded by the organization for doing so?: Re- freezing
78. Which of the following is not one of the four stages of change in the Black and Gregersen model?: Do
the new right thing, and do it fairly well at first
79. Sustaining organizational change through continued focus occurs during which step in the ADKAR
model?: Reinforcement
80. A manager who is comfortable with risk will be more likely to lead which sort of change effort?:
10 / 13
92. Which of the following types of organizations have to operate under nation- al, regional, and local
guidelines, or by mandates voted on by legislators or voters?: Public sector
93. According to the Organizational Culture Assessment Model, if you value being in an innovative and
cutting-edge environment, in which of the following corporate cultures would you be the most comfortable?: Adhocracy
94. Logos, the dress code, the furnishings,
and the type of neighborhood in which the organization is located are all of a corporate culture.: sym- bols
95. Changing demographics is an example of what type of change factor?: Socioe- conomic
96. Which of the following explanatory models for the process of change is based on Elizabeth
Kübler-Ross' five stages of grief?: Change Curve Model
97. Which of the following is not an impediment to change?: Strong leadership
98. A results-oriented, competitive atmosphere is typical of which of the follow- ing corporate culture
models?: Market
99. In this sector, profits are of high importance and can come at the expense of employee development.:
Corporate
100. A is a group of people with a culture that is different from the larger culture to which
they belong.: subculture
101. are organized patterns of thought similar to an outline.: schemas
102. change is forced upon an organization because a threat or problem has already
occurred.: Reactive
103. Which of the following statements about innovation is not true?: Innovation is the generation of new ideas by
individuals and teams
11 / 13
104. Which of the following creativity techniques encourages radical statements to generate new ideas?: De Bono's
Provocation Technique
105. Which model of organizational change contains hard elements and soft elements?: McKinsey
106. According to Everett Rogers' Diffusion of Innovation Theory, this type of individual tends to be
risk-averse and resists change.: Laggard
107. According to Everett Rogers' Diffusion of Innovation Theory, which of the following individuals
embraces change and is always on the lookout for the next big thing?: Early adopter
108. According
to Everett Rogers' Diffusion of Innovation Theory, when a certain percentage of a society adopts the innovation it reaches its " ," which means that its diffusion will inevitably continue on its own.: critical mass
109. Suppose that during a change initiative something unforeseen happens
and makes your original change plan irrelevant. Preparing for such an occur- rence is called .: contingency planning
110. A risk requiring a
contingency plan requires a to set the contin- gency plan in motion.: trigger event
111. often encourages the appearance of "mind-guards" who screen group members from
dissenting views: Groupthink
112. B
eta testing, trial periods, and contingency plans are all types of in a change effort.: safety nets
13 / 13 clients
122. In which section of the business plan would the following details probably be included: the physical
location of the offices, the costs of materials used in manufacturing, and contracted vendors?: The operations section
123. Which of the following strategies makes company stock available to in- vestors of all types and
sizes via the public markets?: IPO
124. Under Resource-based Theory, a firm with
patented software most owes its competitive advantage to having a resource.: rare
125. Which statement is true of social entrepreneurship?: Social innovation and private entrepreneurship are inextricably linked
because they require many of the same processes of development.
