What are Ethics- Notes 1, Study notes of Journalism

Media Ethics and Regulation Background. What are Ethics and why are they important in the study of journalism

Typology: Study notes

2011/2012

Uploaded on 10/02/2012

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1. What are Ethics
The words Ethics comes from the Greek word ethos,
which means the customs, traditions, or character that
guide a particular group or culture.
Ethics: Are rules of behavior or moral principles that
guide our actions in given situations.
The science of morals
Ethics is an individual matter that relates closely to
conscience;
Because conscience is unique to each individual, no two
people have exactly the same moral framework.
Unlike law, ethics deals primarily with self-determined,
voluntary conduct.
When there is a universal feeling about something (e.g.,
murder), ethics becomes codied in laws, but laws don’t
address all moral questions.
The ethics decisions of a media practitioner usually are
more limiting than the law.
2. Why do Journalists need morals?
Why people have morals:
Religion = reward for adherence vs punishment for
breaking the code
Pact with Society= allow us to gain the benets of living in
society
Natural attuned to doing what is right
Why do Journalists need morals:
To guide them when they face moral dilemmas because
living in a society means there will always be ethical
dilemmas
To promote good ethical behavior in newsgathering-
truthfulness and accuracy in giving information to the
public which is important in a democratic society as this
information guides the public in participating in political
action and decision making.
To keep the profession sustainable by earning and
maintaining the readers trust
thics and
Page 1
sabato agosto 09, 20142012-03-20T08:49:00Z
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  1. What are Ethics
    • The words Ethics comes from the Greek word ethos, which means the customs, traditions, or character that guide a particular group or culture.
    • Ethics : Are rules of behavior or moral principles that guide our actions in given situations.
    • The science of morals
    • Ethics is an individual matter that relates closely to conscience;
    • Because conscience is unique to each individual, no two people have exactly the same moral framework.
    • Unlike law, ethics deals primarily with self-determined, voluntary conduct.
    • When there is a universal feeling about something (e.g., murder), ethics becomes codified in laws, but laws don’t address all moral questions.
    • The ethics decisions of a media practitioner usually are more limiting than the law.
  2. Why do Journalists need morals?

Why people have morals:

  • Religion = reward for adherence vs punishment for breaking the code
  • Pact with Society= allow us to gain the benefits of living in society
  • Natural attuned to doing what is right

Why do Journalists need morals:

  • To guide them when they face moral dilemmas because living in a society means there will always be ethical dilemmas
  • To promote good ethical behavior in newsgathering- truthfulness and accuracy in giving information to the public which is important in a democratic society as this information guides the public in participating in political action and decision making.
  • To keep the profession sustainable by earning and maintaining the readers trust

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  1. Classical Theories
    • The Golden Mean- Virtue Ethics= Aristotle
    • Religious Tradition- The Golden Rule
    • Ethical Egoism- Self Interest, Human Nature
    • Utilitarianism- Consequentialism •..i Happiness and reverse of happiness = Pleasure and Pain in the Greek tradition •..ii An increased measure of happiness/good for more people= the ends can justify the means •..iii Not each measure of happiness is equal= Nietzsche •..iv No position on motive
    • Universalism- Kant – the Categorical Imperative •..i Hypothetical •..ii Technical
    • Duties of Fidelity- Ross •..i Contractual obligation •..ii Reparation •..iii Gratitude
  2. Language of Morals
    • Naturalism
    • Non-Naturalism
    • Emotivism
    • Subjectivism
    • Objectivism
    • Motivism
    • Consequentialism
    • Deontology
  3. Press Freedom and Democracy
    • Exchange of Rights- natural and civil
    • Stem from the natural right freedom of opinion, to receive information, to express oneself
    • Key conflict- democracy and duty of public interest •..i Public Interest vs. Invasion of Privacy
    • Freedom of expression requires a certain type of government- democracy- government by election - Thomas Paine

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