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Question 1. Which core principle explains how data packets are transmitted across different devices in the internet? A) Packet switching B) Circuit switching C) Data encapsulation D) Packet filtering Answer: A Explanation: Packet switching is the fundamental principle of the internet, allowing data to be broken into packets and transmitted independently across shared networks, enabling efficient and scalable communication. Question 2. What is the primary difference between IPv4 and IPv6 addressing? A) IPv4 uses 32-bit addresses; IPv6 uses 128-bit addresses B) IPv4 supports more addresses than IPv C) IPv4 is designed for wireless networks; IPv6 is for wired networks D) IPv4 addresses are alphanumeric; IPv6 addresses are numeric only Answer: A Explanation: IPv4 uses 32-bit addresses, providing approximately 4.3 billion addresses, while IPv6 uses 128 - bit addresses, vastly increasing the address space to accommodate the growing number of devices. Question 3. Which browser layout engine is primarily used by Google Chrome? A) Gecko B) WebKit C) Blink D) Trident Answer: C Explanation: Blink is the rendering engine used by Google Chrome, derived from WebKit, and responsible for rendering web pages in Chrome. Question 4. How does Search Engine Optimization (SEO) improve a website’s visibility?
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A) By increasing server bandwidth B) By optimizing content and structure for search engines C) By enhancing user interface design only D) By encrypting website data Answer: B Explanation: SEO involves optimizing website content, structure, and technical elements to improve its ranking in search engine results, thereby increasing visibility. Question 5. Which type of URL is considered absolute? A) /images/logo.png B) images/logo.png C) https://example.com/about D) ../about.html Answer: C Explanation: An absolute URL provides the full path to a resource, including protocol, domain, and path, such as 'https://example.com/about', whereas relative URLs depend on the current page’s location. Question 6. What is the purpose of the Domain Name System (DNS)? A) To translate domain names into IP addresses B) To secure domain registrations C) To host websites D) To manage email servers Answer: A Explanation: DNS translates human-readable domain names into IP addresses, enabling browsers to locate and connect to websites. Question 7. Which of the following is a common internet protocol used for secure communication? A) HTTP B) FTP
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Answer: A Explanation: CAPTCHA challenges distinguish humans from bots, helping prevent spam and automated attacks. Question 11. Which network type is characterized by a geographically dispersed network connecting multiple LANs? A) LAN B) WAN C) VPN D) SAN Answer: B Explanation: Wide Area Networks (WANs) connect multiple local area networks over large geographical areas, enabling broad communication. Question 12. Which protocol suite is primarily used in internet communications? A) TCP/IP B) SMTP C) FTP D) SSH Answer: A Explanation: TCP/IP is the foundational protocol suite for internet communication, enabling reliable data transfer and routing. Question 13. Which network topology connects each device directly to a central hub or switch? A) Bus B) Ring C) Star D) Mesh Answer: C
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Explanation: The star topology connects all devices to a central hub or switch, facilitating easy management and fault isolation. Question 14. What does a NIC (Network Interface Card) do? A) Connects a computer to a network B) Acts as a firewall C) Stores network data D) Provides wireless connectivity only Answer: A Explanation: A NIC provides the hardware interface for a computer to connect to a network, either wired or wireless. Question 15. Which device is primarily responsible for filtering incoming and outgoing network traffic based on security rules? A) Switch B) Router C) Firewall D) Hub Answer: C Explanation: Firewalls monitor and filter network traffic according to predefined security rules, protecting networks from unauthorized access. Question 16. Which protocol is used to transfer files securely over the internet? A) FTP B) SFTP C) HTTP D) SMTP Answer: B Explanation: SFTP (SSH File Transfer Protocol) provides secure file transfer by encrypting data during transmission, unlike standard FTP.
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A) B) C) D) Answer: B Explanation: The element embeds images in HTML documents, with the 'src' attribute specifying the image location. Question 21. How does CSS specificity determine which style rules are applied? A) By the order of rules in the stylesheet B) By the importance and specificity of selectors C) Randomly, based on the browser D) By the size of the stylesheet file Answer: B Explanation: CSS specificity ranks rules based on selector types; more specific selectors override less specific ones, ensuring correct styling. Question 22. Which CSS property is used to add space between the content and the border of an element? A) margin B) padding C) border D) outline Answer: B Explanation: Padding adds space between the content of an element and its border, controlling internal spacing. Question 23. What is the purpose of media queries in CSS? A) To enable responsive design based on device characteristics
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B) To optimize print layouts only C) To improve page loading speed D) To connect to external stylesheets Answer: A Explanation: Media queries allow CSS to adapt styles based on device width, resolution, orientation, facilitating responsive web design. Question 24. Which CSS layout module provides a flexible way to distribute space among items in a container? A) Grid B) Flexbox C) Float D) Positioning Answer: B Explanation: Flexbox is designed for efficient arrangement of items within a container, providing flexible alignment and distribution. Question 25. What is the function of CSS variables? A) To store reusable values for consistent styling B) To define media queries C) To replace all CSS properties D) To create animations only Answer: A Explanation: CSS variables (custom properties) store values that can be reused throughout stylesheets, simplifying maintenance and consistency. Question 26. Which technology is used to create isolated virtual environments on a physical server? A) Containers B) Virtual Machines
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D) Faster network speeds Answer: B Explanation: Fault tolerance allows systems to continue functioning during component failures, ensuring high availability and reliability. Question 30. Which network device is used to connect multiple devices within a LAN and operates at Layer 2 of the OSI model? A) Router B) Switch C) Gateway D) Hub Answer: B Explanation: Switches operate at Layer 2 (data link layer), forwarding frames based on MAC addresses to connect devices within a LAN. Question 31. Which protocol is primarily used to send emails? A) HTTP B) SMTP C) FTP D) DNS Answer: B Explanation: SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) handles the sending of emails between servers. Question 32. What is the main function of a gateway in networking? A) To connect different networks with different protocols B) To filter network traffic C) To connect a LAN to the internet only D) To store network data Answer: A
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Explanation: Gateways translate data between different network protocols, enabling communication between heterogeneous networks. Question 33. Which OSI layer is responsible for routing and addressing? A) Layer 2 B) Layer 3 C) Layer 4 D) Layer 7 Answer: B Explanation: Layer 3 (Network Layer) handles routing, addressing, and packet forwarding in the OSI model. Question 34. Which device functions as a bridge in a network? A) Connects two segments at Layer 2 to filter traffic B) Connects different networks at Layer 3 C) Distributes traffic to multiple devices D) Converts digital signals to analog signals Answer: A Explanation: Bridges connect and filter traffic between network segments at Layer 2, reducing collisions and improving performance. Question 35. Which type of network is most suitable for secure remote access over the internet? A) LAN B) VPN C) WAN D) SAN Answer: B Explanation: VPNs (Virtual Private Networks) encrypt data and create secure tunnels over the internet for remote access.
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C) text-size D) size Answer: B Explanation: The font-size property specifies the size of the font used in text elements. Question 40. Which CSS property controls the stacking order of overlapping elements? A) z-index B) position C) display D) float Answer: A Explanation: z-index determines the stack order of overlapping elements; higher values are in front. Question 41. Which CSS layout model allows items to be aligned both horizontally and vertically within a container? A) Flexbox B) Grid C) Float D) Inline-block Answer: A Explanation: Flexbox provides flexible alignment and distribution of items along both axes. Question 42. What is the purpose of CSS media queries? A) To apply styles based on device characteristics like screen width B) To create animations C) To load external stylesheets only on certain devices D) To define print styles exclusively Answer: A
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Explanation: Media queries enable responsive design by applying different styles depending on device features like screen size. Question 43. Which CSS unit is relative to the font size of the root element? A) px B) em C) rem D) % Answer: C Explanation: rem units are relative to the font size of the root () element, providing scalable sizing. Question 44. Which HTML attribute is used to embed a video in a webpage? A) B) C) D) Answer: A Explanation: The element embeds video content, with specifying different video files. Question 45. What is the main purpose of the element in HTML? A) To create interactive elements for user input and data submission B) To display static text C) To embed multimedia content D) To create navigation menus Answer: A Explanation: The element collects user input and submits data to a server for processing. Question 46. What is the difference between the GET and POST methods in HTML forms?
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D) fill Answer: B Explanation: CSS gradients are created using the background-image property with functions like linear- gradient() or radial-gradient(). Question 50. What does the CSS box model describe? A) The design principles for responsive layouts B) The rectangular boxes generated for elements, including margin, border, padding, and content C) The hierarchy of CSS selectors D) The structure of HTML documents Answer: B Explanation: The CSS box model describes how elements are rendered as rectangular boxes composed of content, padding, border, and margin. Question 51. Which CSS property is used to control the position of an element relative to its normal position? A) position B) float C) top, right, bottom, left D) display Answer: C Explanation: The top, right, bottom, and left properties adjust the position of an element when its position is set to relative, absolute, or fixed. Question 52. Which CSS layout technique is most suitable for creating complex web page layouts? A) Flexbox B) Grid C) Float D) Both A and B
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Answer: D Explanation: Both Flexbox and Grid are modern CSS layout modules designed for creating complex, responsive layouts, with Grid excelling in two-dimensional layouts and Flexbox in one-dimensional layouts. Question 53. Which HTML element is used to organize content into thematic groups, often with a caption? A) B) C) D) Answer: C Explanation: The element groups related elements in a form and often includes a caption. Question 54. Which HTML attribute specifies the target window or frame for a link? A) href B) target C) src D) name Answer: B Explanation: The target attribute in or specifies where to open the linked document or form response, such as '_blank' for a new window. Question 55. In HTML, which element is used to create a dropdown list? A) B) C) D)
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Question 59. Which CSS property is used to specify the order of flex items? A) order B) flex-order C) align-items D) justify-content Answer: A Explanation: The order property defines the visual order of flex items within a flex container. Question 60. Which HTML element is used to create a container for multiple elements, often for styling purposes? A) B) C) D) Answer: A Explanation: The element is a generic container used to group multiple elements for styling or scripting. Question 61. Which protocol is used to transfer files securely over the internet? A) FTP B) SFTP C) HTTP D) SMTP Answer: B Explanation: SFTP (SSH File Transfer Protocol) provides secure, encrypted file transfers, unlike standard FTP. Question 62. What is the primary function of a router in a network? A) To connect different networks and route packets between them
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B) To connect devices within a LAN only C) To filter network traffic based on security rules D) To extend Wi-Fi signals Answer: A Explanation: Routers connect multiple networks and route data packets between them, managing traffic and directing data to appropriate destinations. Question 63. Which OSI layer is responsible for establishing, managing, and terminating connections? A) Transport (Layer 4) B) Session (Layer 5) C) Application (Layer 7) D) Network (Layer 3) Answer: B Explanation: The Session layer (Layer 5) manages sessions, including establishing, maintaining, and ending connections. Question 64. Which device operates at Layer 1 of the OSI model? A) Hub B) Switch C) Router D) Firewall Answer: A Explanation: Hubs operate at Layer 1 (Physical Layer), mainly repeating signals without processing data. Question 65. Which network type provides secure remote access over the public internet? A) LAN B) VPN C) WAN D) SAN
