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X-Ray Tube Components and Principles, Exams of Nursing

Miami University - OxfordNursing

Information on the components of an x-ray tube, including the cathode, anode, and filaments, as well as the principles that determine the size and quality of the focal spot and radiographic density. It also explains the thermionic emission process and the role of milliamperage in producing x-rays.

Typology: Exams

2022/2023

Available from 07/17/2023

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bg1
xray nonsense (Irene Gold NBCE 2)
cathode consists of - Answer large filament, small filament, focusing cup
xray tube consists of two electrodes called - Answer anode and cathode
the ________ serve as the source of electrons in the production of xrays and are
made of __________ - Answer filaments, tungsten
______________ occurs when a current is applied to the filament; the coil of the
wire gets very hot/boiling off electrons - Answer thermionic emmision
the temp of the filament controls the _________ - Answer quantity of electrons
(mA) emitted from it
# of electrons determines # of xrays created
focusing cup/filament cup - Answer part of cathode and encases the two
filaments.
*This is where thermionic emission occurs*
anode - Answer positive electrode in the xray tube
-most xray tubes have a rotating anode
-rotating target receives electrons as they move from cathode to anode
rotating anode target - Answer -reason for rotation: dissipate heat
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cathode consists of - Answer large filament, small filament, focusing cup xray tube consists of two electrodes called - Answer anode and cathode the ________ serve as the source of electrons in the production of xrays and are made of __________ - Answer filaments, tungsten ______________ occurs when a current is applied to the filament; the coil of the wire gets very hot/boiling off electrons - Answer thermionic emmision the temp of the filament controls the _________ - Answer quantity of electrons (mA) emitted from it

of electrons determines # of xrays created

focusing cup/filament cup - Answer part of cathode and encases the two filaments. This is where thermionic emission occurs anode - Answer positive electrode in the xray tube -most xray tubes have a rotating anode -rotating target receives electrons as they move from cathode to anode rotating anode target - Answer -reason for rotation: dissipate heat

-exposes tungsten target of anode called the focal spot focal spot is determined by - Answer size of filament chosen smaller filament = - Answer better detail the ____________ principle has the effect of making the actual focal spot size look smaller when viewed from the position on the film - Answer line focus principle -the smaller the target angle, smaller the effective spot -stream of electrons narrows down to an effective beam Milliamperage (mA) - Answer a measurement of x-ray tube current - the number of electrons crossing the tube from cathode to anode per second heats the filament causing a boiling off of electrons Milliamperage per second (mAs) - Answer more current = more electrons produced = more x-rays produced = greater radiographic density (darker) terms used to describe density (overall blackening of the film) - Answer - radiolucent: more blackening -radio-opaque: less blackening on film (more white)

-20% of the time quasi-malignant, associated with soap bubble appearance (saponaceous) -Case management is surgical consultation, refer for biopsy, curretage, refer to orthopedist chondroblastoma - Answer Epiphyseal/metaphyseal location. <20 y.o. Osteoid Osteoma - Answer -Radiolucent lesion with central nidus with severe reactive sclerosis -night pain relieved by aspirin Brodie's Abscess (aka Chronic Osteomyelitis) - Answer Night pain relieved by aspirin. Appears like an Osteoid Osteoma enchondroma - Answer MOST COMMON BBT OF THE HAND

  • may have stippled appearance
  • multiple = Ollier's disease -Ollier's: 10-50% rate of malignant degeneration -with soft tissue calcified = Maffucci's syndrome MC benign bone tumor of the spine - Answer hemangioma

will appear with vertical striations (corduroy cloth appearance) enostoma aka... - Answer bone island round or oblong radiopaque lesion Osteopoikilosis

  1. what is it
  2. most common location
  3. appearance
  4. how to rule out metastasis - Answer 1) multiple bone islands