Download Zend PHP pratice Exam and more Exams Technology in PDF only on Docsity!
Question 1. What symbol is used to denote a scalar type declaration for an integer in PHP? A) int B) integer C) number D) scalar Answer: A) int Explanation: In PHP, the scalar type declaration for integers is denoted by 'int', which enforces that a value must be an integer. Question 2. Which control structure in PHP executes a block of code based on multiple conditions? A) if/else B) switch C) while D) foreach Answer: B) switch Explanation: The 'switch' statement allows executing different blocks of code based on the value of an expression, providing a multiple-branch control structure. Question 3. Which PHP operator is used for the spaceship comparison?
A) <=>
B) ==
C) ===
D) <>
Answer: A) <=> Explanation: The spaceship operator '<=>' compares two expressions, returning - 1, 0, or 1 depending on whether the left is less than, equal to, or greater than the right. Question 4. What is the purpose of the include_once statement in PHP? A) To include a file only once to prevent duplicate definitions B) To include a file multiple times C) To require a file and halt if it fails D) To include a file with error suppression Answer: A) To include a file only once to prevent duplicate definitions Explanation: 'include_once' ensures the specified file is included only once during script execution, preventing redeclaration errors. Question 5. Which namespace autoloading standard is primarily used in PHP for PSR-4? A) PSR- 0 B) PSR- 4
Answer: A) Generators Explanation: Generators enable creating iterators that produce values lazily using the 'yield' keyword, useful for efficient data processing. Question 8. Which type of class in PHP is an anonymous class? A) A class defined without a name at runtime B) A class declared with the 'abstract' keyword C) A class that extends another class D) A class inside a namespace Answer: A) A class defined without a name at runtime Explanation: Anonymous classes are classes declared without a name, instantiated immediately, useful for lightweight, one-off objects. Question 9. Which operator in PHP returns the right operand if the left is null? A) ?? (null coalescing operator) B) ?: (ternary operator) C) ??= (null assignment operator) D) && (logical AND) Answer: A) ?? (null coalescing operator) Explanation: The '??' operator returns the left operand if it exists and is not null; otherwise, it returns the right operand.
Question 10. What does the spaceship operator in PHP compare? A) Two values for ordering B) Two strings for equality C) Two arrays for similarity D) Two objects for identity Answer: A) Two values for ordering Explanation: The spaceship operator '<=>' compares two values and returns - 1, 0, or 1 to indicate order, useful for sorting. Question 11. Variadic functions in PHP are functions that can accept: A) An unlimited number of arguments B) Only one argument C) Arguments by reference only D) Arguments of a specific type only Answer: A) An unlimited number of arguments Explanation: Variadic functions use the '...' syntax to accept a variable number of arguments, enabling flexible parameter passing. Question 12. Which data type in PHP is used to represent a sequence of elements indexed by integers? A) Array
D) str_replace() Answer: A) strpos() Explanation: 'strpos()' finds the position of the first occurrence of a substring within a string, returning false if not found. Question 15. Which PHP function is used to replace parts of a string based on a pattern? A) preg_replace() B) str_replace() C) replace() D) substr_replace() Answer: A) preg_replace() Explanation: 'preg_replace()' performs pattern-based replacements using regular expressions, enabling complex string modifications. Question 16. How does PHP handle errors by default? A) Notices are displayed, warnings are logged, and fatal errors halt execution B) All errors are suppressed C) Errors are ignored unless explicitly configured D) Errors are only logged to a file
Answer: A) Notices are displayed, warnings are logged, and fatal errors halt execution Explanation: PHP's default error handling displays notices and warnings, halts on fatal errors, but can be configured for different behavior. Question 17. Which keyword is used in PHP to catch exceptions? A) try B) catch C) throw D) finally Answer: B) catch Explanation: The 'catch' block is used to handle exceptions thrown within a 'try' block, allowing graceful error management. Question 18. What class in PHP is used to create custom exceptions? A) Exception B) Throwable C) ErrorException D) CustomException Answer: A) Exception Explanation: To create custom exceptions, extend the built-in 'Exception' class, enabling application-specific error handling.
B) Traits C) Namespaces D) Interfaces Answer: A) Access modifiers (public, protected, private) Explanation: Access modifiers control visibility of class members, enforcing encapsulation principles in OOP. Question 22. What keyword is used to inherit a class in PHP? A) extends B) implements C) inherits D) parent Answer: A) extends Explanation: The 'extends' keyword is used for class inheritance, allowing a class to derive properties and methods from a parent class. Question 23. Which PHP magic method is invoked when an object is converted to a string? A) __toString B) __sleep C) __wakeup D) __invoke
Answer: A) __toString Explanation: '__toString()' defines how an object should be represented as a string, invoked when echoing or printing the object. Question 24. Which static method is used to create a clone of an object in PHP? A) __clone B) clone() C) duplicate() D) copy() Answer: A) __clone Explanation: '__clone()' is a magic method called during object cloning, allowing customization of the cloning process. Question 25. Which PHP function is used to serialize an object into a string? A) serialize() B) unserialize() C) encode() D) json_encode() Answer: A) serialize()
Question 28. Which interface in PHP defines a contract that implementing classes must follow? A) Interface B) Abstract class C) Trait D) Exception Answer: A) Interface Explanation: Interfaces declare method signatures that implementing classes must define, enforcing a contract. Question 29. How do you declare an abstract class in PHP? A) Using the 'abstract' keyword before class B) Using the 'interface' keyword C) Using the 'trait' keyword D) Using the 'final' keyword Answer: A) Using the 'abstract' keyword before class Explanation: The 'abstract' keyword marks a class as incomplete, requiring subclasses to implement abstract methods. Question 30. Which PHP extension is primarily used for database interaction with MySQL? A) MySQLi
B) PDO
C) SQLite D) Both A and B Answer: D) Both A and B Explanation: Both MySQLi and PDO extensions are used for connecting and interacting with MySQL databases. Question 31. Which PHP class is used with PDO to prepare and execute SQL statements? A) PDOStatement B) mysqli_stmt C) PDO D) SQLStatement Answer: A) PDOStatement Explanation: PDOStatement represents a prepared statement and provides methods to execute it securely. Question 32. In PDO, which method is used to fetch all results from a query? A) fetchAll() B) fetch() C) getResults()
Explanation: 'CREATE TABLE' defines a new table structure in the database schema. Question 35. Which PHP function is used to start a session? A) session_start() B) start_session() C) init_session() D) session_init() Answer: A) session_start() Explanation: 'session_start()' initializes a new session or resumes an existing one for user state management. Question 36. Which HTTP method is typically used for submitting form data securely? A) POST B) GET C) PUT D) DELETE Answer: A) POST Explanation: 'POST' submits data securely in the request body, not visible in URL, suitable for sensitive data.
Question 37. Which PHP superglobal array contains data sent via GET method? A) $_GET B) $_POST C) $_REQUEST D) $_DATA Answer: A) $_GET Explanation: '$_GET' contains data sent through URL query parameters in GET requests. Question 38. Which function sets a cookie in PHP? A) setcookie() B) cookie() C) create_cookie() D) add_cookie() Answer: A) setcookie() Explanation: 'setcookie()' sends a cookie to the client's browser, allowing persistent data storage. Question 39. What PHP function retrieves the current date and time? A) date() B) now()
Explanation: 'ob_start()' begins output buffering, storing output in an internal buffer instead of sending immediately. Question 42. Which PHP extension is used for processing XML documents with DOM? A) DOMDocument B) SimpleXML C) XMLReader D) XMLWriter Answer: A) DOMDocument Explanation: 'DOMDocument' provides methods to create, modify, and traverse XML documents in a DOM model. Question 43. Which PHP function encodes data into JSON format? A) json_encode() B) encode_json() C) serialize() D) json_decode() Answer: A) json_encode() Explanation: 'json_encode()' converts PHP variables into JSON strings, enabling data exchange with web services.
Question 44. Which protocol is primarily used in SOAP web services? A) HTTP B) FTP C) SMTP D) TCP Answer: A) HTTP Explanation: SOAP typically operates over HTTP or HTTPS to exchange structured XML messages. Question 45. Which PHP function is used to decode JSON data into PHP variables? A) json_decode() B) decode_json() C) parse_json() D) json_parse() Answer: A) json_decode() Explanation: 'json_decode()' converts JSON strings into PHP associative arrays or objects. Question 46. What is the primary purpose of PHPUnit? A) To facilitate unit testing in PHP B) To manage dependencies
