






















Prepara tus exámenes y mejora tus resultados gracias a la gran cantidad de recursos disponibles en Docsity
Gana puntos ayudando a otros estudiantes o consíguelos activando un Plan Premium
Prepara tus exámenes
Prepara tus exámenes y mejora tus resultados gracias a la gran cantidad de recursos disponibles en Docsity
Prepara tus exámenes con los documentos que comparten otros estudiantes como tú en Docsity
Encuentra los documentos específicos para los exámenes de tu universidad
Estudia con lecciones y exámenes resueltos basados en los programas académicos de las mejores universidades
Responde a preguntas de exámenes reales y pon a prueba tu preparación
Consigue puntos base para descargar
Gana puntos ayudando a otros estudiantes o consíguelos activando un Plan Premium
Comunidad
Pide ayuda a la comunidad y resuelve tus dudas de estudio
Ebooks gratuitos
Descarga nuestras guías gratuitas sobre técnicas de estudio, métodos para controlar la ansiedad y consejos para la tesis preparadas por los tutores de Docsity
Apuntes de Ingeniería Materiales de construccion Hormigon. Aditivos
Tipo: Apuntes
1 / 30
Esta página no es visible en la vista previa
¡No te pierdas las partes importantes!























81,9(56,'$'('$&25881,9(56,'$'('$&
ff$$
(76,(76,
&DPLQRV&DQDOHV\3XHUWRV&DPLQRV&DQDOHV\3XHUWRV
+RUPLJ+RUPLJ
yyQQ
$GLWLYRV$GLWLYRV ^
+RUPLJ^ +RUPLJ
yy
Q$GLWLYRV\$GLFLRQHVQ$GLWLYRV\$GLFLRQHV
,QWURGXFFLyQ $FHOHUDGRUHVGHIUDJXDGR 5HWDUGDGRUHVGHIUDJXDGR $LUHDQWHV 5HWHQHGRUHVGHDJXD +LGUyIXJRV 3ODVWLILFDQWHV 6XSHUSODVWLILFDQWHV &RORUDQWHV
,QWURGXFFLyQ +XPRGHVtOLFH &HQL]DYRODQWH (VFRULDGHDOWRKRUQR
81,9(56,'$'('$&25881,9(56,'$'('$&
ff$$
(76,(76,
&DPLQRV&DQDOHV\3XHUWRV&DPLQRV&DQDOHV\3XHUWRV
+RUPLJ+RUPLJ
yyQQ
$GLWLYRV$GLWLYRV ^
81,9(56,'$'('$&25881,9(56,'$'('$&
ff$$
(76,(76,
&DPLQRV&DQDOHV\3XHUWRV&DPLQRV&DQDOHV\3XHUWRV
+RUPLJ +RUPLJ
yQ'XUDELOLGDGyQ'XUDELOLGDG
+RUPLJ +RUPLJ
yQ'XUDELOLGDGyQ'XUDELOLGDG
,QWURGXFFLyQ
)DFWRUHVTXHFRQGLFLRQDQODGXUDELOLGDG
$JUHVLRQHVVREUHHOKRUPLJyQ
$JUHVLRQHVItVLFDV
+LHOR GHVKLHOR )XHJR (URVLyQHLPSDFWRV
$JUHVLRQHVTXtPLFDV
/L[LYLDFLyQ 5HDFFLRQHVQRH[SDQVLYDV 5HDFFLRQHVH[SDQVLYDV 0HGLGDVGHSURWHFFLyQ
&RUURVLyQGHDUPDGXUDV
'HVFULSFLyQ 0HGLGDVGHSURWHFFLyQ
'XUDELOLGDGËQGLFH%ORTXH
81,9(56,'$'('$&25881,9(56,'$'('$&
ff$$
(76,(76,
&DPLQRV&DQDOHV\3XHUWRV&DPLQRV&DQDOHV\3XHUWRV
+RUPLJ+RUPLJ
yyQQ$GLWLYRV$GLWLYRV^
$GLWLYRVËQGLFH%ORTXH
+RUPLJ^ +RUPLJ
yQ$GLWLYRV\$GLFLRQHVyQ$GLWLYRV\$GLFLRQHV
$GLWLYRV
,QWURGXFFLyQ $FHOHUDGRUHVGHIUDJXDGR 5HWDUGDGRUHVGHIUDJXDGR $LUHDQWHV 5HWHQHGRUHVGHDJXD +LGUyIXJRV 3ODVWLILFDQWHV 6XSHUSODVWLILFDQWHV &RORUDQWHV
$GLFLRQHV
,QWURGXFFLyQ +XPRGHVtOLFH &HQL]DYRODQWH (VFRULDGHDOWRKRUQR
81,9(56,'$'('$&25881,9(56,'$'('$&
ff$$
(76,(76,
&DPLQRV&DQDOHV\3XHUWRV&DPLQRV&DQDOHV\3XHUWRV
+RUPLJ+RUPLJ
yyQQ
$GLWLYRV$GLWLYRV ^
,QWURGXFFLyQ $FHOHUDGRUHVGHIUDJXDGR 5HWDUGDGRUHVGHIUDJXDGR $LUHDQWHV 5HWHQHGRUHVGHDJXD +LGUyIXJRV 3ODVWLILFDQWHV 6XSHUSODVWLILFDQWHV &RORUDQWHV
,QWURGXFFLyQ +XPRGHVtOLFH &HQL]DYRODQWH (VFRULDGHDOWRKRUQR
81,9(56,'$'('$&25881,9(56,'$'('$&
ff$$
(76,(76,
&DPLQRV&DQDOHV\3XHUWRV&DPLQRV&DQDOHV\3XHUWRV
+RUPLJ+RUPLJ
yyQQ
$GLWLYRV$GLWLYRV ^
SURGXFWRVTXHLQFRUSRUDGRVDOKRUPLJyQDQWHVGHODPDVDGR RGXUDQWHHOPLVPRRHQHOWUDQVFXUVRGHXQDPDVDGRVXSOHPHQWDULR HQXQDSURSRUFLyQQRVXSHULRUDOGHOSHVRGHOFHPHQWRSURGXFHQODPRGLILFDFLyQGHVHDGDHQHVWDGRIUHVFRRHQGXUHFLGRGHDOJXQDGHVXVFDUDFWHUtVWLFDVGHVXVSURSLHGDGHVKDELWXDOHVRGHVXFRPSRUWDPLHQWR ± 81((1\
81,9(56,'$'('$&25881,9(56,'$'('$&
ff$$
(76,(76,
&DPLQRV&DQDOHV\3XHUWRV&DPLQRV&DQDOHV\3XHUWRV
+RUPLJ+RUPLJ
yyQQ
$GLWLYRV$GLWLYRV ^
81,9(56,'$'('$&25881,9(56,'$'('$&
ff$$
(76,(76,
&DPLQRV&DQDOHV\3XHUWRV&DPLQRV&DQDOHV\3XHUWRV
+RUPLJ+RUPLJ
yyQQ
$GLWLYRV$GLWLYRV ^
&$)
&^6
&^6
&$
7LHPSR GtDV
5HVLVWHQFLDDFRPSUHVLyQ
$) & $ & 6 & 6 & 4
K^
^
!
u^
e^
± IF DGtDV
u^
GH+5,\FUHFHUKDVWDGtDV
e^
XVRHQKRUPLJyQHQPDVDSRUFRUURVLyQ
± 2UJiQLFRVXUHDKLGUy[LGRFiOFLFRIRUPLDWR FiOFLFRFLDQDWRV
81,9(56,'$'('$&25881,9(56,'$'('$&
ff$$
(76,(76,
&DPLQRV&DQDOHV\3XHUWRV&DPLQRV&DQDOHV\3XHUWRV
+RUPLJ+RUPLJ
yyQQ
$GLWLYRV$GLWLYRV
KLGUDWDFLyQ
u^
u^
± IF DGtDV
u^
± IF DGtDV
u^
e^
81,9(56,'$'('$&25881,9(56,'$'('$&
ff$$
(76,(76,
&DPLQRV&DQDOHV\3XHUWRV&DPLQRV&DQDOHV\3XHUWRV
+RUPLJ+RUPLJ
yyQQ
$GLWLYRV$GLWLYRV
5(7$5'$'25(6'()5$*8$'
± +RUPLJyQHQWLHPSRFDOXURVR± +RUPLJyQHQPDVD± 7UDQVSRUWHDJUDQGLVWDQFLD± (YLWDU MXQWDV± +RUPLJyQ ERPEHDGR
$3/,&$&,21(65(&20(1'$'$
6REUHGRVLILFDFLyQSXHGHRULJLQDUXQDGHPRUDH[FHVLYD
± 5HWUDVDQHOLQLFLRGHIUDJXDGRPDQWHQLHQGRODGRFLOLGDGSRUPiVWLHPSR± 5HGXFHQYHORFLGDG \FDORU GHKLGUDWDFLyQ± 5HGXFHQHOULHVJRGH ILVXUDFLyQ
DOSHUPLWLUOD
GLVLSDFLyQGHOFDORUGHKLGUDWDFLyQSRUPiVWLHPSR
DGHOSHVRGHOFHPHQWR
/,0,7$&,21(
3523,('$'48(
&21),(5($/+250,*
'26,6868$/
81,9(56,'$'('$&25881,9(56,'$'('$&
ff$$
(76,(76,
&DPLQRV&DQDOHV\3XHUWRV&DPLQRV&DQDOHV\3XHUWRV
+RUPLJ+RUPLJ
yyQQ
$GLWLYRV$GLWLYRV
$,5($17(
± 3URWHFFLyQDOKLHORGHVKLHOR±^
3DYLPHQWRV ±^
3URWHFFLyQFRQWUD DJHQWHVTXtPLFRV
$3/,&$&,21(65(&20(1'$'$
0HQRUUHVLVWHQFLDPHFiQLFDFRPSHQVDUHGXFLHQGRDFJUDFLDVDGRFLOLGDG
,QFRUSRUDPLFURSRURVDOKRUPLJyQSURGXFLHQGR± 5HVLVWHQFLDDOKLHORGHVKLHOR± 0D\RUGRFLOLGDG± 0HQRUSHUPHDELOLGDG
DGHOSHVRGHOFHPHQWR
/,0,7$&,21(
3523,('$'48(
&21),(5($/+250,*
'26,6868$/
81,9(56,'$'('$&25881,9(56,'$'('$&
ff$$
(76,(76,
&DPLQRV&DQDOHV\3XHUWRV&DPLQRV&DQDOHV\3XHUWRV
+RUPLJ+RUPLJ
yyQQ
$GLWLYRV$GLWLYRV
UHGXFHQODH[XGDFLyQ ± FRPSOHPHQWRGHJUDQXORPHWUtD
e
± TXtPLFDPHQWHLQHUWHV± (ILFDFHVFXDQGRiULGRIDOWRGHILQRV
KRUPLJyQGHSRFRFHPHQWR\PDOJUDGXDGR
e^
± 5HVLVWHQFLDDFRPSUHVLyQDGtDV
u^
e^
81,9(56,'$'('$&25881,9(56,'$'('$&
ff$$
(76,(76,
&DPLQRV&DQDOHV\3XHUWRV&DPLQRV&DQDOHV\3XHUWRV
+RUPLJ+RUPLJ
yyQQ
$GLWLYRV$GLWLYRV
SRUUHGXFFLyQDEVRUFLyQFDSLODU ± 5HDFFLRQDQFRQFDOGHOFHPHQWR
VDOHVFiOFLFDVLQVROXEOHVFRQUDGLFDOHVKLGUyIXJRV
IHQyPHQRVFDSLODUHVQRFRTXHUDV
± $XPHQWDQODUHWUDFFLyQ
e^
DGtDV
e^
DGtDVGHOPRUWHUR
± IF DGtDV
u^
e^
81,9(56,'$'('$&25881,9(56,'$'('$&
ff$$
(76,(76,
&DPLQRV&DQDOHV\3XHUWRV&DPLQRV&DQDOHV\3XHUWRV
+RUPLJ+RUPLJ
yyQQ
$GLWLYRV$GLWLYRV
+,'5Ï)8*
± +RUPLJRQHVVXEWHUUiQHRV± /RVDVGHFXELHUWDV± (VWDQTXHVGHKRUPLJyQ± $FDEDGRVH[WHULRUHV± 3LVRV LPSHUPHDEOHV
$3/,&$&,21(65(&20(1'$'$
$XPHQWDQODUHWUDFFLyQ/RVFRPSXHVWRVRUJiQLFRVUHWDUGDQHOIUDJXDGR/DVVXVWDQFLDVWHQVRDFWLYDVFRPRDLUHDQWHVUHGXFLHQGRIF
± 'LVPLQX\HQODDEVRUFLyQGHKXPHGDG± $XPHQWDQODLPSHUPHDELOLGDG
DGHOSHVRGHOFHPHQWR
/,0,7$&,21(
3523,('$'48(
&21),(5($/+250,*
'26,6868$/
81,9(56,'$'('$&25881,9(56,'$'('$&
ff$$
(76,(76,
&DPLQRV&DQDOHV\3XHUWRV&DPLQRV&DQDOHV\3XHUWRV
+RUPLJ+RUPLJ
yyQQ
$GLWLYRV$GLWLYRV
3/$67,),&$17(
± +RUPLJRQHVERPEHDGRV±^
+RUPLJRQDGRGH HOHPHQWRVHVWUHFKRVRSUHIDEULFDGRV±^
+RUPLJRQHVGHDOWD UHVLVWHQFLD
$3/,&$&,21(65(&20(1'$'$
3RVLEOHHIHFWRUHWDUGDQWHGHIUDJXDGRRHQGXUHFLPLHQWR
± 0HMRUDUODOXEULFDFLyQHQWUHSDUWtFXODVREWHQLpQGRVH± 0D\RUGRFLOLGDGFRQDJXDFRQVWDQWH± 0HQRUFDQWLGDGGHDJXDSDUDGRFLOLGDGFRQVWDQWH
É
UHVLVWHQFLDV± $KRUURGHFHPHQWRSDUDUHODFLyQDFFRQVWDQWH
DGHOSHVR
GHOFHPHQWR
/,0,7$&,21(
3523,('$'48(
&21),(5($/+250,*
'26,6868$/
81,9(56,'$'('$&25881,9(56,'$'('$&
ff$$
(76,(76,
&DPLQRV&DQDOHV\3XHUWRV&DPLQRV&DQDOHV\3XHUWRV
+RUPLJ+RUPLJ
yyQQ
$GLWLYRV$GLWLYRV
± y DXPHQWRGHODWUDEDMDELOLGDG
'LVSHUVDSDUWtFXODVFHPHQWR WHQVRDFWLYRVGLVSHUVDQWHVHOHFWURVW
± 0HMRUDGHODWUDEDMDELOLGDG± 0D\RUHILFDFLDGHODJXDGHKLGUDWDFLyQ\UHGXFFLyQGHVXFDQWLGDG± $XPHQWRVUHVLVWHQFLDWUDEDMDELOLGDG HLPSHUPHDELOLGDG
/DLQFRUSRUDFLyQVHKDFHHQIRUPDGHGLVROXFLyQDFXRVD /DVGRVLILFDFLRQHVRVFLODQHQWUHHO\HQYROXPHQGHDGLWLYR
6HVXHOHDxDGLUSDUWHHQIDEULFDFLyQ\SDUWHDQWHVGHSXHVWDHQREUD