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CONNECTORS to use in your PIECES of WRITING
USE C ONNECTORS S PANISH MEANING E XAMPLES
Indicar una secuencia o enumerar puntos
In the beginning … To begin with,… + oración (At) First,… / Firstly,… + oración Second,… / Secondly,… + oración Third,… / Thirdly,… + oración Next, / Then, / Later, … + oración At that moment,… + oración Suddenly,… / All of a sudden,… + orac. Meanwhile,… / In the meantime,… + or. After that, / Afterwards,… + oración In the end, / Finally, / Eventually,… + o. At last… + oración
Al principio … Para empezar, … Primero, … Segundo, … Tercero, … Después, … En ese momento, … De repente,… Mientras tanto,… Después, … Finalmente, … Por fin…
- In the beginning of the Snowhite tale, the Queen was a beautiful woman. - Let’s solve the problem. To begin with, we must wake up much earlier. - Firstly, I got up and had breakfast. - Secondly, I had a shower. - Thirdly, I put my clothes on. - Then I left home and bought some gum. Later I went to the library. Next I started studying English there. - At that moment, my telephone rang. - All of a sudden, everybody started looking at me. - Meanwhile, my telephone was still ringing and I couldn’t turn it off! - Afterwards, a man came to me shouting: “YOU CAN’T BRING YOUR MOBILE PHONE HERE!” - Eventually, I woke up. It all was a dream! - At last I was relaxed again!
Describir una causa o un motivo
Because + oración Since + oración As + oración Because of + sustantivo Due to + sustantivo That’s why… + oración
porque… porque, ya que… porque, ya que… A causa de… Debido a… Por eso…, Por esa razón…
- I never call you because I don’t have your number. - Since you’re here, could you help me cook dinner? - As it was too cold outside, they decided to stay home. - Because of her accident, she can’t walk. - Due to the crisis, many shops are closing these days_._ - I don’t have your number. That’s why I never call you.
Expresar opiniones
In my opinion, / To my mind,… + orac. In mi view, … / From my point of view,… As far as I am concerned, … + oración I think / believe / feel that … + oración It seems to me (that)… + oración Personally, … + oración It is clear/true that… + oración I am for / in favour of… + sustantivo I am against… + sustantivo I (don’t) agree with… + oración To be honest,… + oración Undoubtedly,… + oración
En mi opinión, Desde mi punto de vista, Por lo que a mí respecta, Pienso / Creo que… Me parece que… Personalmente,… Está claro / Es cierto que… Estoy a favor de… Estoy en contra de… (no) estoy de acuerdo con Para ser sincero,… Indudablemente,…
- In my opinion, the Beatles are the best band in the history of music. - From my point of view , smoking should be prohibited also in open spaces like parks, sports arenas, etc. - As far as I am concerned, everybody should have a place to live. - I strongly believe that money is always the cause of all problems. - It seems to me that young people today are not interested in politics. - Personally, I am not worried about that topic. - It is clear that many people are losing their jobs with the current economic situation. - I am for the introduction of inspectors in the politicians’ offices. - I am totally against the reforms made by the President. - I don’t agree with the government’s economic policies. - To be honest, I haven’t got much information about the crisis. - Undoubtedly, these problems won’t be solved in the next months.
Añadir información
In addition, / Furthermore, … + oración Moreover, / Besides, … + oración In addition to + sustantivo , … Besides + sustantivo , … As well as + sustantivo , … Also + verbo ... too. / … as well. (al final)
Además, … Además, … Además de …, Además de …, Además de …, También… también.
- I didn’t want to go the cinema. In addition, I hadn’t got enough money. - I speak Spanish. Moreover, I can also also speak English and French. - In addition to Spanish, I can also speak English and French. - Besides pasta, I would also like salad and pizza for dinner. - As well as pasta, I would also like salad and pizza for dinner. - I also want a piece of fruit. - Finally, I could eat a chocolate ice-cream as well. And a cake too!
Indicar propósito o finalidad
For + sustantivo For + gerundio (acciones generales) (not) to + infinitivo In order (not) to + infinitivo So as (not) to + infinitivo So that + oración
Para… Para… Para (no)… Para (no)… Para (no)… Para que…
- I am studying very hard for a good grade in the exam. - This machine is for cooking. - I am studying a lot to get the best grades. - In order not to be late , we arrived at the station 3 hours early. - So as to arrive on time, we took a taxi. - We took a taxi so that we weren’t late.
Expresar contraste o diferencia
But… However, / Yet, / Still,… + oración Nevertheless, / Nonetheless,… + oración Although / (Even) though + oración On the contrary, / In contrast,… + orac. On the one hand,… … On the other (hand),… Whereas… / While… + oración All the same,… + oración In spite of + sustantivo ó gerundio, … Despite + sustantivo ó gerundio, … In spite of / Despite the fact that + orac.
Pero… Sin embargo, Sin embargo, Aunque… Por el contrario, Por una parte… … por otra (parte)… Mientras que… A pesar de todo… A pesar de… A pesar de… A pesar de que…
- I can speak Spanish and English, but I don’t know German. - I can speak Spanish and English. However, I don’t know German. [van detrás de punto ] - We arrived to the shop at 8 pm. Nevertheless, it was closed already. [van detrás de punto ] - Even though I’ve never been to England , I speak very good English. - On the contrary, I don’t know anything about the British culture. - On the one hand, their food is terrible. - On the other hand, they have very good-quality beers. - Whereas I’m very interested in the history of Britain, I have never read a book about it. - I was very sick. All the same, I continued playing the football match. - In spite of my injure , I continued playing. // In spite of being sick , I continued playing. - Despite my injure , I continued playing. // Despite being sick , I continued playing. - In spite of the fact that I was sick , I continued playing.
Describir semejanza
Similarly,… / Likewise,… + oración In the same way, … + oración Both … and ….
Igualmente, … Del mismo modo, … Tanto … como …
- I don’t understand what you’re saying. Likewise, I don’t get your intention. - I’m not a very good pianist. In the same way, I’m not a very good guitarist either. - Both Lennon and McCartney were born in Liverpool. Decir de otra forma
That is (to say), + oración In other words, + oración
Es decir, En otras palabras,
- I have insomnia. That is to say, I can’t sleep at nights. - Paul is a cleptomaniac. In other words, he really needs to steal things.
Describir un resultado
So… / Thus… (el último es muy formal) Therefore ,… + oración As a result, / As a consequence, … + or. For this reason, … + oración
Así que… Por lo tanto, … Por consiguiente… Por esta razón, …
- Mike didn’t study much, so he failed all his exams. - Mike didn’t study much. Therefore, he failed all his exams. [va detrás de punto ] - Ana used to smoke a lot. As a consequence, she always has respiratory problems. - I am afraid of the sea. For this reason, I always spend my holidays in the mountain.
Cambiar enfoque, dar hechos
In fact, / As a matter of fact, … + oración Actually, … + oración
De hecho, … En realidad, …
- I’m not very good at sports. In fact, I hate running! - Tony is very young, but actually he’s very mature for his age.
Hablar en general
In general,… / Generally,… + oración As a (general) rule,… + oración
En general, … Por regla general, …
- Generally, people in Spain speak Spanish. - As a general rule, dogs are not allowed in this building.
Poner ejemplos
For example,… / For instance,… Such as … and / or … + sustantivo(s) Like … and / or … + sustantivo(s) Particularly, / In particular,… … , and so on.
Por ejemplo, … Tal(es) como … y/o … Como … y/o … En concreto, … …, etcétera.
- I like indoor activities. For instance, I love reading, watching TV and playing the guitar. - There are paintings by some Spanish painters such as Goya, Dalí, and Velázquez. - There are books by many Spanish writers like Cervantes, Lope de Vega, Góngora or Quevedo. - I’m a fan of Spanish food. In particular, I love the ‘tortilla de patatas’. - Some famous people from Sanlúcar are Toñi Moreno, Natalia, Manolo Sanlúcar, Nolito, and so on.
Resumir o dar una conclusión
In conclusion,… + oración To sum up, / In short, / In brief, … + or. All in all,… / On the whole, … + oración
En conclusión, … En resumen, … En suma, …
- In conclusion, this is a very complete list of connectors. - To sum up, you should study them all and practice in your pieces of writing. - All in all, it has been my pleasure to make up this list for you. Bye!
