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Inglés: conceptos básicos para principiantes., Apuntes de Inglés Técnico

Universidad Francisco de Vitoria (UFV)Inglés Técnico

Conceptos básicos de inglés para principiantes.

Tipo: Apuntes

2018/2019

Subido el 29/05/2019

monica181196
monica181196 🇪🇸

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INGLÉS EXAMEN
TIEMPOS VERBALES:
😊 PRESENT SIMPLE:
Sujeto + verbo + complemento
Se usa para:
1. Verdades universales: The day lasts 24 hours.
2. Hábitos o costumbres: I eat bread everyday
3. Gustos o estados: I like horror movies
😊 PRESENT CONTINUOS:
Sujeto + verbo to be + verbo ING
1. Situaciones temporales: Manuel is studying english
2. En el momento: I am talking to Javier
3. Acciones que se repiten: They are always helpin each other (siempre
se están ayudando el uno al otro)
Negativo: He is not jumping
Interrogativo: Are you reading?
😊 PAST SIMPLE:
I ate an apple
She didn’t go to the concert
Did you go to that restaurant?
WH-WORD + AUXILIAR (DID) + SUJETO + VERBO INFINITIVO +
COMPLEMENTO
😊 PAST CONTINUOS:
Sujeto + pasado to be (was/were) + verbo ING
1. Una acción del pasado que estaba en desarrollo: They were singing
2. Cuando queremos especificar algo que estaba ocurriendo en un
momento determinado del pasado
He was not playing
Sujeto + wasn’t + verbo ING
Were you Reading?
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INGLÉS EXAMEN

TIEMPOS VERBALES:

😊 PRESENT SIMPLE:

Sujeto + verbo + complemento Se usa para:

  1. Verdades universales: The day lasts 24 hours.
  2. Hábitos o costumbres: I eat bread everyday
  3. Gustos o estados: I like horror movies

😊 PRESENT CONTINUOS:

Sujeto + verbo to be + verbo ING

  1. Situaciones temporales: Manuel is studying english
  2. En el momento: I am talking to Javier
  3. Acciones que se repiten: They are always helpin each other (siempre se están ayudando el uno al otro) Negativo: He is not jumping Interrogativo: Are you reading?

😊 PAST SIMPLE:

I ate an apple She didn’t go to the concert Did you go to that restaurant? WH-WORD + AUXILIAR (DID) + SUJETO + VERBO INFINITIVO + COMPLEMENTO

😊 PAST CONTINUOS:

Sujeto + pasado to be (was/were) + verbo ING

  1. Una acción del pasado que estaba en desarrollo: They were singing
  2. Cuando queremos especificar algo que estaba ocurriendo en un momento determinado del pasado He was not playing Sujeto + wasn’t + verbo ING Were you Reading?

😊 PRESENT PERFECT:

Sujeto + have/has + verbo (participio) + complemento

  1. Acciones del pasado que tienen alguna relación con el presente.
  2. Una acción del pasado que no especificamos cuando sucedió. I have eaten pizza (he comido pizza) Have/has + sujeto + 3ª columna + complemento

😊 PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOS:

Sujeto + have /has been + Verbo ING They have been dancing

  1. Acciones que empezaron en el pasado pero que continúan en el presente: George has been living in London for twenty years
  2. Acciones que empezaron en el pasado y puede que hayan finalizado o no: John has been dancing all night
  3. Acciones que han finalizado y estamos interesados en el resultado: Have you been drinking? Afirmativo: Sujeto + have/has been + verbo ING Negativo: Sujeto + haven’t/hasn’t been + verbo ING Interrogativo: Have/has + sujeto + been + verbo ING Has she been dancing?

😊 PAST PERFECT:

  1. Una acción que comenzó en el pasado y es anterior a otra acción también pasada. La acción que ocurrió primero es en pasado perfecto y la que sigue en pasado simple. I had read the book before I saw the movie.
  2. Acciones que ocurrieron antes de un tiempo específico en el pasado. I had already woken up when the alarm clock rang at 7am.
  3. Con algunos verbos usamos el pasado perfecto para situaciones que empezaron en el pasado y que siguieron hasta un punto específico en el pasado. She had only owned one car before she bought her new bmv. (Solo había tenido un coche antes de que comprara su nuevo bmv) Se had eaten.
  • TINY: Minúsculo
  • HUGE: Enorme
  • AVERAGE: Promedio
  • FAMILY-SIZED: Tamaño familiar
  • BEDROOMED: Dormitorio

😊 COST:

  • LOW-PRICED: Bajo precio
  • OVERPRICED: Sobrevalorado

😊 GENERAL DESCRIPTION:

  • COSY: Acogedora
  • WELL-MAINTAINED: Bien mantenido
  • FULLY FURNISHED: Totalmente amueblado
  • AIRY: Aireado
  • NOISY: Ruidoso

😊 VOCABULARY:

  • VACUUM CLEANER: Aspiradora
  • ELECTRIC HEATER: Calentador eléctrico
  • WASHING MACHINE : Lavadora
  • MICROWAVE: Microondas
  • DISHWASHER: Lavavajillas
  • COOKER: Estufa
  • (^) BUILT-IN WARDROBES : Armarios empotrados
  • CENTRAL HEATING: Calefacción central
  • FITTED KITCHEN: Cocina equipada
  • DOUBLE GLAZING: Doble acristalamiento
  • ENTRANCE HALL: Hall de entrada
  • DRIVEWAY : Entrada de coches
  • FENCE : Valla
  • CELLAR: Bodega/ sótano
  • FIREPLACE : Hogar/ fuego

ADVERBS:

  • BOTH: al mismo tiempo/ a la vez
  • AS WELL AS: Así como, además de
  • ALSO: Además
  • BESIDES: Además
  • WHEREAS: Mientras
  • ALTHOUGH: Aunque, a pesar de que
  • HOWEVER: sin embargo (conjunción) / de todos modos (adverbio)

TAREAS DE CASA:

  • WASH THE DISHES: Lavar los platos
  • DUST THE CARPETS: Espolvorear las alfombras
  • MAKE THE BEDS : Hacer las camas
  • IRON THE CLOTHES: Planchar la ropa
  • VACUUM THE FURNITURE: Aspirar los muebles
  • MOP THE FLOORS : Trapear los pisos
  • MOW THE LAWN: Cortar el césped

PREPOSITIONS:

  • IN FRONT OF: Enfrente de
  • NEXT TO: Cerca de
  • BEHIND: Detrás
  • OPPOSITE: Opuesto
  • ON: En
  • BETWEEN: Entre
  • (^) ABOVE: Encima
  • IN THE MIDDLE OF: En el medio de

VOCABULARY HOUSE:

  • ARMCHAIR: Sillón
  • CUSHIONS: Cachivaches
  • GLASS COFFEETABEL: Mesa de centro de cristal
  • LAMP: Lámpara
  1. Rob has been busy WITH the redecorating all week.

PREPOSITIONS:

  • OUT OF the ordinary
  • (^) FROM scratch
  • IN the countryside
  • TO expect something FROM somebody
  • IN the Winter
  • TO appeal TO
  • TO live in a tree top
  • TO become short of space
  • AN extensión to his home
  • TO convince people ON something
  • The benefits OF
  • Suitable FOR
  • TO suffer FROM hay fever
  • FEAR OF heigths

FILL IN THE MISSING WORD:

  1. A fire broke OUT in the school…
  2. (^) They’re tired. They HAVE been painting all morning
  3. Are you HAVING a Good time?
  4. Bi lis nineteen, so he’s still in his TEENS
  5. When he reached 65 he RETIRED from work
  6. He usually MOWS the lawn on Sundays
  7. Peter was washing the dishes WHEN the phone rang.
  8. IS janet thinking of moving to Italy
  9. We USED top lay football everyday when i was a teenager
  10. Jason accused OF cheating on the test
  11. Did you know thtat John was dismissed FROM his job?
  12. I don’t know how she copes WITH a full-time job and a family
  13. I o to the theatre once in a BLUE moon.
  14. Sarah was cleaning the attic when she came ACROSS her grandmothers…
  1. Because of a clidhood illness she LOST her hearing.
  2. My wallet has disappeared into THIN air!
  3. Reading my old diaries always BRINGS back memories
  4. I’m afraid I just don’t approve OF this kind of behaviour.
  5. The fans got really carried AWAY when Beckham scored a goal.

CICLE THE CORRECT ITEM:

  • They couldn’t find what they wanted, so they had to build it from SCRATCH
  • Her HEART leaped when she Heard te news.
  • She is very pretty, with Rosy CHEEKS and big eyes.
  • My new flat has central HEATING, so it’s really warm.
  • Jane became IMPATIENT as she was waiting….
  • Listen! A siren is WAILING
  • Ann has got frizzy hair and a POINTED chin
  • Bill has got a wide FOREHEAD and wrinkles
  • Jim has come DOWN WITH the flu
  • He gives private lessons for a small FEE.

CORRECT CAPITALS

  1. Jim seems to have FINANCIAL problems.
  2. Jeny is an ATTRACTIVE woman.
  3. They decided to have a SECURITY system
  4. He was UNABLE to find a solution
  5. After GRADUATION he started looking for a job

COMPLETE THE DIALOGUE:

A. Hi Ben, it’s Janet. HOW ARE YOU? B. (^) Oh hi, janet. I’m fine. HOW ARE YOU? A. I’m okay. Look, are…? B. No, as a matter of fact, i’m not.

  1. That was the MOST interesting film i have ever seen.
  2. I can’t STAND people who tell lies.
  3. We should protect animals NATURE hábitats.
  4. UNLESS you drive more carefully you Will have an accident.
  5. The museum is OPEN to the public…
  6. The ozone LAYER protects the earth from…

CIRCLE THE CORRECT ITEM:

  1. The old victorian building has been RESTORED to its original condition.
  2. Anita is always willing to LEND an ear when i have got a problema.
  3. Pete had BUTTERFLIES in his stomach the whole time…
  4. He can’t help SPEAKING slowly.
  5. He IS GOING to Malta next month.
  6. We are looking forward TO MEETING Mr Brown.
  7. He put a lot of EFFORT into the Project.
  8. I Will drop you a LINE when i arrive.
  9. The rainforest is HOME to many species of birds
  10. There are lots of TRENDY shops to look around.

COMPLETE THE SENTENCES:

  1. It’s not worth trying to grow oranges in England (POINT) There is not point trying to grow oranges in england.
  2. Julia couldn’t drink the tea as it was very hot (TOO) The tea WAS TO HOT FOR Julia to drink.
  3. We have never travelled by bus (FIRST) IT’s THE FIRST TIME WE HAVE travelled by bus.
  4. Jenny is as old as Alain (SAME) Jenny IS THE SAME AGE AS Alain.
  5. If you don’t leave now, you Will be late for work. (UNLESS) You Will be late for work UNLESS YOU LEAVE now.

CORRECT CAPITALS:

  1. ADVENTURERS travellers can go on a trip down the river.
  2. There is a great VARIETY of plants you can choose from.
  3. It’s IMPOSSIBLE for me to do…
  4. We should use ALTERNATIVE sources of energy.
  5. Visiting malta Will be an UNFORGETTABLE experience.

VOCABULARY:

HEIGHT/BUILD: Broad-shouldered: HAIR: Wavy (ondulado), straight (liso), curly (rizado) FACE: Oval, round CHEEKS: Rosy EYESBROWS: Arched EYELASHES: Thick, long NOSE: Snub, long MOUTH: Wide, small CHIN: Pointed.

😊 ADJECTIVES:

  • PLEASANT: Delighted, cheerful, ecstatic, pleased
  • NEUTRAL: Bored, calm, relaxed
  • UNPLEASANT: Terrified, worried, impatient, sad, annoyed, depressed, furious, miserable, nervous, frustated.

😊 BE or FEEL.

  1. FEEL convinced.
  2. BE exhausted
  3. BE kind
  4. BE pathetic
  5. BE worried
  6. (^) BE expressive
  7. FEEL easy-going
  8. BE forgiven
  9. BE interested
  10. FEEL/BE responsable

😊 CAPITALS:

  • MAJORITY of people (Major)
  • FINANCIAL reward
  • (^) RECENTLY (recent)
  • Their CHOICE (choose)
  • After GRADUATION
  • WORKESS (Work)
  • STRESSFUL Jobs (Stress)
  • ENJOYABLE (enjoy)
  • EMPLOYERS (employ)

😊 UNDERLINE THE CORRECT WORD:

  1. Lets puto n some music. It’s as SILENT AS THE GRAVE in here.
  2. He’s got food poisoning and he’s been AS SICK AS A DOG all weel.
  3. Don’t worry about Maggie; she’s AS TOUGH AS OLD BOOTS.
  4. The martin children are not at all alike. They are as DIFFERENT AS CHALK AND CHEESE.
  5. I’ll look after Jo anytime. Really, she’s AS GOOD AS GOLD.
  6. Ben can’t wait to get started on the Project. He’s AS KEEN AS MUSTARD.

😊 CORRECT WORD:

  1. I think a promotion might even be on thr CARDS
  2. He is always doing something for a Good CAUSE
  3. You have to make it CLEAR to her…
  4. It was only a silly argument, but they were both getting very HOT under the collar.

😊 VOCABULARIO TIEMPO

  • Snowy
  • RAINY
  • (^) FOGGY

😊 PREPOSITIONS:

  • Enthusiastic ABOUT the trip…
  • Put a lot of effort INTO
  • Emphasis ON the…
  • Eager FOR a bargain
  • Familiar IWTH
  • Famous FOR…
  • Experienced IN
  • Expert ON
  • To date back TO 1350
  • To dine IN style
  • Situated IN an área
  • (^) To stand ON a hilltop
  • Trip TO a place
  • Ideal FOR
  • Open TO the public
  • To be furnished WITH
  • To appeal TO

😊 CORRECT PARTICLE:

  • Cuts ACCROSS the park
  • John is trying to cut DOWN ON the amount…
  • Her pones been cut OFF
  • The most exciting part had been cut OUT
  • So make sure you do UP your coat
  • I could really do WITH a cup of coffee right now.
  • Sooner or later we Will have to do AWAY WITH room keys…