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Past simple and past continuous
1 Write the past simple form of these regular and irregular verbs.
1 cry cried 8 chat-^ chatted
2 travel traveled^9 happen-^ happened
3 send sent^10 say^ said
4 enjoy enjoyed^11 know^ knew
5 stop stopped^12 try^ tried
6 break broke^13 cut^ cut
7 fall fell^14 turn^ turned
2 Complete the sentences with the past simple form of the verbs in Exercise 1.
1 Last summer, my friend and I traveled around the south of France. We really enjoyed ourselves.
2 Did you cry at the end of the film? I thought it was really sad.
3 Sarah is very angry. What did you said to her? You chatted to her yesterday.
4 I sent my grandmother an email yesterday with a photo but she didn't know (not) how to open the attachment!
5 My mobile phone fell on the floor but the screen didn't break (not). That was lucky!
6 I didn’t see the accident. It all happened very quickly.
7 My PC was making a strange noise so I stopped using it and cut it off.
8 We tried to open the box with a knife but my dad cut himself. There was blood everywhere!
3 Write questions with the past simple.
1 When / you / buy / that tablet /?
When did you buy that tablet?
2 How much / your new computer / cost /?
How much did it cost your new computer?
3 What / you / do / after school yesterday /?
What did you do after school yesterday?
4 Why / you / not / call me last night /?
Why didn't you call me last night?
5 Where / Dad / save / the photos / on the computer /?
Where did Dad save the photos on the computer?
6 Which files / you / delete /?
Which files did you delete?
7 How many copies / Gary / print / yesterday /?
How many copies Gary printed yesterday?
8 Which company / Steve Jobs / help to start /?
Which company helped to start Steve Jobs?
4 Write the -ing form of the verbs.
1 attach attaching^8 chang^ changing
2 tie tying^9 upload^ uploading
3 run running^10 think^ thinking
4 save saving^11 win^ winning
5 give giving^12 spot^ spotting
6 get getting^13 serve^ serving
7 delete deleting^14 realise^ realising
5 Complete the sentences with the past continuous form of the verbs in brackets.
1 I was making (make) my dinner at 8 o’clock last night.
2 Joe and Sam were using (use) the wrong program in IT yesterday.
3 Who was that guy you were dancing(dance) with at the party?
4 Paula was coming(come) home from school when she saw an accident.
5 In 1999 my father was living (live) in Dublin. That’s where he met my mother.
6 He was opening (open) the box when he cut his finger.
7 This time last week, we were visiting (visit) my grandmother.
8 I was sitting (sit) at the back of the classroom so I couldn’t see the screen.
9 Andrew was inserting(insert) a photo into his document when the teacher stopped the class.
10 I was starting (start) to do my homework when my friend sent me a message.
6 Choose the correct options.
1 I listened / was listening to the radio when I heard / was hearing this fantastic song.
2 When the teacher said / was saying ‘Stop!’, I still tried / was still trying to finish the last question.
3 I feel really silly! While I danced / was dancing , I fell / was falling and broke / was breaking my elbow.
4 Tim played / was playing a computer game when his mum called / was calling him for lunch.
5 I looked / was looking for a file on my memory stick when I noticed / was noticing there was a virus.
6 Ron found / was finding a really interesting website about dance music while he surfed / was surfing the internet.
7 My mum had / was having breakfast near the computer when she spilled / was spilling her cup of coffee on the
keyboard.
8 When you saw / were seeing me yesterday, I didn’t go / wasn’t going to school, I went / was going to the doctor’s
9 How many pictures did you take / were you taking while you travelled / were travelling around Ireland?
10 Why did you chat / were you chatting to Philip while I tried / was trying to tell you something really important?
7 Complete the sentences with the past simple or the past continuous form of the verbs in brackets.
1 I switched off (switch off ) the computer because it was making (make) a strange noise.
2 My dad was listening (listen) to classical music when I arrived (arrive) home from school.
3 We were playing (play) video games when my mum said ,(say) ‘Turn the volume down!’
4 My cousin draw (meet) his wife, Bianca, while he was studying(live) in Italy.
5 My little sister draw (draw) a picture while I was studying(study) for my French exam.
6 While they were trrying (try) to fix the computer, all the lights went (go out).
7 When we left (leave) school yesterday, it was pouring (pour) with rain.
8 When you saw (see) Paul, was wearing (wear) a black jacket?
9 I was trying (try) to log on when the WiFi stopped (stop) working.
10 While Dad was printing (print) an article, the printer ran out (run out) of paper.
8 Complete the story with the correct past tense form of the verbs in brackets.
Present perfect and past perfect
1 Write the past participle form of these regular and irregular verbs.
1 hate 8 tell
2 make 9 keep
3 speak 10 give
4 draw 11 pay
5 call 12 come
6 choose 13 walk
7 win 14 throw
2 Complete the sentences with the present perfect form of the verbs in brackets.
1 Andres always (want) to be a professional footballer.
2 You (not stop) talking since you got here!
3 you (see) my new laptop? It’s really cool!
4 Cristiano Ronaldo (score) eighteen goals so far this season.
5 My dad just (buy) a new car.
6 What you (do) to your hair? It’s pink!
7 My mum and dad (teach) me the most in life.
8 Where you (be) all morning?
9 I (not pass) all my exams this year so I’m disappointed.
10 My brother (fall) in love with a girl from France.
3 Choose the correct options.
1 I’ve been here for / since 3 o’clock.
2 They’ve known each other for / since many years.
3 Nobody has heard from Carla for / since Saturday.
4 My mum has been in her new job for / since three weeks.
5 She hasn’t called me for / since the party.
6 He has played for Arsenal for / since 2006.
7 My grandparents have been married for / since forty years.
8 It hasn’t rained for / since about three weeks.
9 Nothing has happened for / since yesterday morning.
10 Jorge hasn’t played tennis for / since his injury.
4 Choose the correct options.
1 Have you ever / already seen an opera?
2 I’ve already / just seen Pam. What’s she doing here?
3 They haven’t called me yet / already.
4 Carol has already / yet scored twenty points in this match.
5 We’ve ever / never eaten Spanish ham before.
6 I’ve yet / already called him three times today.
7 Do you ever / never go the gym?
8 I’m sorry, I haven’t made a reservation already / yet.
5 Complete the sentences with the past perfect form of the verbs in brackets.
1 Before yesterday’s match, they (not win) any of their matches.
2 Before last year, she never (be) to Granada.
3 I (call) her twice before she finally sent me a message.
4 It was the first time he (hear) such beautiful music.
5 John always (think) that he wasn’t a good basketball player.
6 Laura never (be) good at dancing so she was very nervous.
7 My parents always (refuse) to let me stay out late so I was surprised when they said yes.
8 I never (drink) beer before that day. It wasn’t very nice.
9 By the time I got home, I (lose) my wallet.
6 Rewrite the sentences with the word in brackets in the correct place.
1 I don’t think I’ve tried surfing. (ever)
2 I had heard such an inspiring story. (never)
3 Have you asked your parents? (yet)
4 He had seen the film twice. (already)
5 I’ve finished reading the most amazing book. (just)
6 Had you studied English before you came here? (already)
7 I don’t think he has finished. (yet)
8 Have you seen the film Titanic? (ever)
Modals
1 Match the two parts of the sentences.
1 I’ve put on a bit of weight so
2 Your hair is very long.
3 Tom was really rude and
4 I know you have a test tomorrow but
5 You said a really horrible thing to Cristina
6 You’re going to have dinner in an hour
7 I’m going to a party tonight.
8 You’ve got a lot of homework.
2 Choose the correct options.
1 I don’t think I can / could go out tomorrow. I have
to study.
A What do you think I should wear?
B Don’t you think you ought to start it now?
C I probably ought to exercise more.
D you shouldn’t worry so much about passing or failing.
E so you shouldn’t eat too many
biscuits. F you should never speak
to him again. G Don’t you think you
should get it cut?
H so I think you ought to apologise to her.
2 The WiFi isn’t working so we can’t / haven’t been able to log on to the internet for two days.
3 My mum wasn’t able to / couldn’t speak English when she was a child.
4 The door wasn’t locked so we could / were able to get into the house.
5 I’m sure Sam won’t can / be able to come to the picnic next Saturday. He’s got a football match.
6 Would you be able to / Could you really play the piano when you were five years old?
7 My laptop stopped working but after I had checked all the cables I could / was able to get it working again.
8 He won’t be able to / hadn’t been able to finish his homework before the teacher arrived.
3 Put the words in the correct order to make sentences.
1 tidy / really / bedroom / have / I / to / my
2 have / school / to / take / bus / Derek / Does / the /?
3 yesterday / Why / go / you / cousin’s / have / to / to / did / your / house /?
4 you / study / Do / we’ll / year / to / think / hard / next / have /?
5 secret / our / anyone / mustn’t / so / you / It’s / tell
6 museum / Do / into / you / the / to / pay / to / get / have /?
7 take / You / forget / to / keys / go / mustn’t / your / out / you / before
8 me / don’t / to / tell / have / You / now, / tell / later / can / you / me
9 wouldn’t / you / train / us, / came / with / the / take / you / have / If / to
10 had / early / My / every / get / to / sister / up / week / morning / last
4 Correct the sentences.
1 I don’t can see the television. Can you sit down, please.
2 Mark don’t have to call me if he doesn’t want to.
3 If I was rich, I would can buy lots of cool things.
4 When you’re in Bilbao, you ought visit the Guggenheim Museum.
5 I’m sorry I won’t able to go to your party on Friday.
6 Students must to always hand in their homework on time.
7 The police were called and they could catch the thieves.
8 I’m sorry but you don’t must smoke here.
5 Complete the sentences with the correct form of a modal verb to express ability, obligation, prohibition or to give advice.
1 You really pay much attention to Philip. He’s always making fun of everyone. (advice)
2 At our school, all the students wear a uniform. (obligation)
3 We print out these pages because the printer’s not working. (ability)
4 You sit down on that bench because the paint is wet. (prohibition)
5 OK, you hand in the homework tomorrow. I’ll give you until Friday. (obligation)
6 When my dad was younger he use a computer. No one had ever taught him. (ability)
7 My brother thinks I get my hair cut. He says it’s too long. (advice)
8 I’ve been calling Paul all day but I speak to him yet. (ability)
9 My mum worked in the USA so she speak English at work. (obligation)
10 We’re installing some new software so you switch off the computer. (prohibition)
6 Complete the sentences with the verbs in the box and the correct modal verb. Sometimes there is more than one possible answer.
1 If you don’t like the film, I think you something else.
2 You the exam in 30 minutes but you a calculator. This is the non-calculator exam.
3 I on the amount of sugar I eat. My teeth are terrible!
4 You music while you’re studying. You can’t concentrate.
5 When I was five, I a bike.
6 You me – I can keep a secret.
7 Did you everything the teacher said in your notebooks?
8 Were you the password when you logged on?
7 Choose the correct options.
6 Correct the mistake in the sentences.
1 The bank that I use it is in fi nancial trouble.
2 Police have closed the website that you could get more information.
3 Many young people can’t fi nd work are moving abroad.
4 The new laws which are very unpopular will affect us all.
5 A new factory is opening in the town, that is very good news.
7 Join the sentences using defining or non defining relative clauses.
1 A friend of mine helped organise the strike. She is a trade union member.
2 They are protesting against the spending cuts. They feel the spending cuts are unfair.
3 She met an interesting old man. He had gone to Germany to fi nd work in the 70s.
4 The animal rights group have planned a demonstration. The group’s members are all vegetarian.
5 The riots spread to residential areas. They had started in the city centre.
The future
1 Match the future sentences (1–8) with the uses (A–F).
1 I’ve eaten too many sweets. I ’m going to be sick!
2 Oh, no! There’s no milk. Oh, well. I ’ll just go out
and buy some.
3 What time does the train leave tomorrow?
4 The film is called The Wolf of Wall Street. I think
you ’ll really like it.
5 I ’m having lunch with my cousin tomorrow. It’s her
birthday.
6 I bought the new Artic Monkeys album. I ’m going
to listen to it later.
7 It’s only 9 o’clock in the morning
and it’s already 30 degrees! It ’s going to be really hot today.
8 I haven’t been feeling very well so I ’m going to the
doctor later.
2 Choose the correct options.
1 This is the last English class so I expect the teacher
gives / will give us an exam.
2 OK, let’s meet later. I ’m calling / ’ll call you this
afternoon.
3 Are you going out / Will you go out tonight?
4 What will you do / are you going to do after dinner
tonight?
5 Hold on, the music’s very loud and I can’t hear you.
I turn / ’ll turn it down.
6 I think we ’ll still be / ’re still being together next
year.
A action scheduled for a particular time
B plan or intention
C prediction based on evidence
D definite plan or future arrangement
E prediction based on opinion
F spontaneous decision
7 They’ve won the last seven matches. They ’re not going to lose / ’re not losing the next one.
8 The timetable shows that the next bus will leave / leaves in ten minutes.
3 Correct the sentences.
1 I think that in a few years all students are having tablets at school.
2 Will you play tennis after school today?
3 Look at the grey sky! Do you think it snows this afternoon?
4 Sara called me and we will meet at the gym later.
5 Look at the poster. The festival is going to go on until the end of next week.
6 My sister will get married next year.
7 He sent me a really long email. I think I read it later.
8 Someone’s knocking on the door. I go and see who it is.
4 What do the sentences mean? Write PL (plans) or (PR) predictions.
5 Complete the sentences with be or have and the correct form of the verb in brackets.
1 By this time tomorrow, I’ll (finish) all my exams.
2 Come and visit me and my cousin tomorrow afternoon. We’ll (play) video games.
3 I’ll (wait) for you when you get to the station.
4 In December, my sister will (be) in London for three years.
5 By the time we get to Paris, we’ll (take) three different trains.
6 I’ll call you at 8 o’clock tonight. What will you (do) then?
7 I hope I’ll (get) married by the time I’m thirty.
8 We’ll (have) dinner when the match begins. We’re going to miss the start!
6 Complete the sentences with the correct future form of the verbs in brackets. Sometimes there is more than one possible answer.
1 When I retire, I probably (go) and live by the sea.
2 You have to get up early tomorrow. The plane (leave) at 7 o’clock.
3 Call me at 9 o’clock. I (finish) my breakfast by then.
4 From now on, I (study) hard every day. I don’t want to fail my exams.
5 We (have) a party on Friday. Do you want to come?
6 The phone is ringing. you (answer) it? My hands are dirty.
7 This time tomorrow, Paul and I (get) married.
8 Oh no, look at this mess! What we (do)?
7 Read the dialogue and circle the correct option: a, b or c. Sophie: So 1 anything interesting this weekend? Anna: Yes, my sister 2 married tomorrow. Sophie: Really? That 3 fun. Anna: Yes, I hope it will. My cousins 4 from Australia today. The plane 5 this evening at seven o’clock so my dad and I 6 them up from the airport. Sophie: I suppose your sister will be anxious. Anna: Yes, a lot of people are coming to the wedding but I keep telling her that on Monday she’ll be on her honeymoon. She 7 on the beach in Miami! Sophie: Miami? That’s nice. What’s her fiancé’s name? Anna: Jorge. He’s from Spain. They 8 together for three years by tomorrow. His family’s travelling tomorrow from Santander. They 9 at a hotel. He’s got a small family so there won’t be very many of them at the wedding. I 10 my Spanish with them.
1 a will you do b^ will you have done^ c^ are you doing
2 a will get b^ is getting^ c^ is going to get
3 a will be b^ is^ c^ is being
4 a come b^ will come^ c^ are coming
5 a will arrive b^ will have arrived^ c^ arrives
6 a are going to pick b^ will be picking^ c^ will pick
7 a will lie b^ will be lying^ c^ is lying
8 a will have been b^ will be^ c^ are going to be
9 a will stay b^ will have stayed^ c^ are going to
stay
10 a will practise b^ am going to practise^ c^ am practising
Reported speech
1 People sometimes change their minds or don’t exactly tell the truth. Complete the dialogues using the correct
form of the verbs in brackets.
1 A: ‘I’m washing my hair tonight, sorry.’
B: ‘But you your hair last night too!’ (say / wash)
2 A: ‘She’s going to the party with
Guillermo.’ B: ‘But him.’ (tell me / not like)
3 A: ‘I’ll probably stay in on Saturday night.’
B: ‘But you with me.’ (say / go out)
4 A: ’I’m lost, sorry.’
B: ‘But you here before’ (say / be)
5 A: ‘She can’t swim very well.’
B: ‘But she brilliantly.’ (tell me / can / swim)
6 A: ‘I have to go home now.’
B: ‘But you until midnight.’ (say / not have to / go)
2 Correct the mistakes in these sentences.
1 He asked to her to go snowboarding with him next week.
2 The instructor asked me if I have ever been scuba-diving before.
3 The examiner told that we stop writing and put down our pens.
4 Yesterday, I asked whether you had some walking boots I could borrow and you said me yes.
5 Alex and Lara asked if we need any help, but we stupidly said we didn’t need any.
3 Match the sentences with the appropriate reporting
verb.
1 You should try drinking some hot milk to help you
sleep.
2 I feel really bad about telling everyone. Sorry.
3 Don’t stand too close to the animals, Oscar. They
bite.
4 Emma! Tidy up the kitchen immediately!
5 Honestly, I didn’t eat all the biscuits.
6 Why don’t we go rollerblading in the park
tomorrow?
7 You have to watch Zac Efron’s new film. It’s
fantastic!
8 OK everybody! Don’t forget that we’re
meeting at 4 o’clock outside the station.
a order
b suggest
c advise
d apologise
e remind
f deny
g warn
h recommend
4 Complete the reported sentences using the correct verb from Exericse 3.
1 He everyone.
2 She too close to the animals because they bite.
3 He some hot milk to help me sleep.
4 She the kitchen immediately
5 He all the biscuits.
6 She in the park the next day.
5 Rewrite the following sentences in reported speech.
1 ’We’re watching the X-Factor right now, so I can only talk for a minute,’ said Miki.
Miki
2 ‘She’s gone to the cinema, but I’ll tell her to call you later,’ Pilar’s dad told me.
Pilar’s dad
3 ’I’d heard of the fi lm, but I didn’t expect it to be so good,’ Nacho said.
Nacho
4 ’We won’t be able to come to your party, but we hope you both have a great night,’ my aunt said.
My aunt
5 ’I saw the new Spiderman fi lm when we were fl ying to New York a few weeks ago’, Lucía told me.
Lucía
6 ‘We’re going to your brother’s concert, and we’re looking forward to seeing you there,’ my cousin told me.
My cousin 6 Find four mistakes and rewrite the sentences correctly.
1 Rocio said us to meet her outside the cinema.
2 Juan asked I’d like to go to the concert with him.
3 Pablo asked me which was the best band I’d ever seen.
4 Fernando told me not to borrow his i-pod without asking fi rst.
5 Silvia asked that I can lend her the DVD.
6 Zara ordered them leave the party.
7 Complete the text with the correct form of the reporting verbs.
Conditionals
1 Read the sentences. What kind of conditional are they? Write 0, 1st, 2nd or 3rd.
1 You’ll be late for school if you don’t hurry up.
2 If you leave milk out of the fridge, it goes off.
3 I wouldn’t have come to this party if you hadn’t convinced me to come.
4 If I have time this evening, I’ll call you.
5 The journey wouldn’t have taken three hours if there hadn’t been so much traffic.
6 If you don’t water this plant every day, it dies.
7 I would probably take a break if I was tired.
8 If I had my camera, I’d take a few photos.
2 Choose the correct options.
1 If I go / went on a long business trip, my mother gets really worried.
2 What will / would you do if there was no electricity?
3 I won’t touch your computer if you don’t want / didn’t want me to.
4 I wouldn’t have gone to the concert if you hadn’t given / don’t give me free tickets.
5 If you don’t want to come, I ’ll go / go by myself.
6 He wouldn’t text you so often if he didn’t / doesn’t like you.
3 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
Zero conditionals
1 If you (forget) to take your umbrella, it always (rain).
2 If you (not drink) water, you (get) thirsty.
First conditionals
3 Your mum (not be) pleased if you (splash out) on those shoes.
4 If you (look after) your little brother, I (buy) you that new jacket.
Second conditionals
5 If I (have) more time, I (take) more exercise.
6 If my parents (have) a holiday home in the mountains, I definitely (take) advantage of it.
Third conditionals
7 I (believe) him if you (not tell) me he was lying.
8 If I (see) her at school, I (speak) to her.
4 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
1 If she had told me to wait, I (take) a seat.
2 If you smack Jane, I (tell) Mum.
3 I wouldn’t have walked to school if I (know) it was
going to rain. 4 If you (write) in pencil, you can
correct your mistakes more easily. 5 I’m sure your dad would tell
you the truth if you (ask) him.
6 If these don’t fit, I (try on) another pair of jeans.
5 Rewrite the sentences with the words in brackets so that they have the same meaning.
1 We’ll go out for dinner on Friday if Ben gets back from his trip on time. (unless)
2 We’ll go to the beach tomorrow if my mum lends me her car. (provided)
3 I’ll be allowed to go to the party if I do all my homework. (as long as)
4 I’ll speak to you in English if you speak to me in Spanish. (condition)
Passive / to have / get something done
1 Complete the sentences using the passive form of a verb from the list and the tense given in bold.
1 Are you OK? I heard you had an asthma attack yesterday.
Yes, thanks. The attacks are brought on by pollution, and yesterday it was really bad. (present simple)
2 What happened to your arm?
I by a car and broke it. (past simple)
3 You look worried. Are you OK?
No. I the results of my blood test this afternoon. (going to)
4 Why are you angry at your granddad? He’s not very well.
I know, but he to give up smoking, but he hasn’t. (present perfect)
5 Any news about the woman who was bitten by a wild dog?
Her condition as serious, but improving. (present continuous)
6 Why did you miss your medical check up this morning?
I the appointment was at 11.30, not 10.30. (past perfect)
7 Is your mum OK now? I heard she’s been ill for months.
Yes, thanks. She the wrong tablets by the chemist, but she’s ok now. (past continuous)
2 Complete the sentences with the present or past passive form of the modal verb and the verb given.
1 The doctor said these tablets after you’ve eaten. (must / take)
2 I suppose he by the exams he had last week. (might / stress out)
3 Diabetes , only controlled. (can’t / treat)
4 You about the side effects of the treatment. (should /tell)
5 Scientists are confi dent a cure for the common cold in the next few years. (will / fi nd)
3 Answer these health questions with the passive form using the information and verb given.
1 How many people suffer from mental health problems? (One in four / think)
2 How many people in Spain are obese? (One in six / believe)
3 What is the most infectious disease (malaria / consider)
4 What is the number one cause of death around the world? (heart disease / say)
5 How many people in the world are living with HIV? (34 million / estimate)
6 Which is the healthiest country in the world? (Japan / think)
4 Reorder the words to make questions. The answers are provided to help you.
1 World Earth Day / day / on / observed / which / is
April 22nd
2 held / the / where / Earth Summit / first / was
? Stockholm
3 as / second / gas / greenhouse / known / the / what / is
? Methane
4 much / wasted / by / average / how / food / the / European / is
? 95-115kg
5 Complete the conversation using the passive form of the verbs in brackets. 6 Now, complete the sentences with a noun from Box A and a verb from Box B. A B
1 I’ve got a job interview next week, so I’m going to have my quite short. I need to look smart.
2 I don’t really want an ice cream. I’ve just had two so it’ll hurt.
3 She’s having her for the school magazine. She won an award for creative writing.
4 I need to get my I think it might have some strange virus, or something.
5 I got my a few months ago, but it got infected. It was horrible.
