Libro de ingles basico, Apuntes de Idioma Inglés

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LIBRO

SEMANA 1

CONTENIDO

ENGLISH 1

LESSON 1

UNIT 1. NUMBERS

UNIT 2. WRITING THE DATE

UNIT 3. DAYS AND MONTHS

UNIT 4. PERSONAL INFORMATION

LESSON 2

UNIT 1. FAMILY MEMBERS

UNIT 2. PERSONAL PRONOUNS

UNIT 3. OBJECTIVE PRONOUNS

UNIT 4. POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES

UNIT 5. VERB ‘TO BE’ IN PRESENT TENSE

★ Easy tip to remember:

→ The numbers from 13 to 19 always end up in teen. → The following numbers after 20 keep the first part of the word referring to the corresponding amount (20, 30, 40 … 100, 1000, ...) and the second part of the word is repetitive from 1 to 9 as shown in the table below. → 100 numbers are called hundreds

• 101: one hundred and one
• 102: one hundred and two
• 103: one hundred and three… etc
• 200 (two hundred), 300 (three hundred), 400 (four hundred)...etc → 1,000 numbers are called thousands
• 1,000 (one thousand)
• 2,000 (two thousand)
• 3,000 (three thousand)...etc → 1,000,000 numbers are called millions ➢ Study the following table: CARDINAL ORDINAL 1 - one 23 - twenty three 1st - first 23rd - twenty third 2 - two 24 - twenty four 2nd - second 24th - twenty fourth 3 - three 25 - twenty five 3rd - third 25th - twenty fifth 4 - four 26 - twenty six 4th - fourth 26th - twenty sixth 5 - five ... 5th - fifth ... 6 - six 30 - thirty 6th - sixth 30th - thirtieth 7 - seven 31 - thirty one 7th - seventh 31st - thirty first 8 - eight 32 - thirty two 8th - eighth 32nd - thirty second

9 - nine 33 - thirty three 9th - ninth 33th - thirty third 10 - ten 34 - thirty four 10th - tenth 34th - thirty fourth 11 - eleven 35 - thirty five 11th - eleventh 35th - thirty fifth 12 - twelve ... 12th - twelfth ... 13 - thirteen 40 - forty 13th - thirteenth 40th - fortieth 14 - fourteen 50 - fifty 14th - fourteenth 50th - fiftieth 15 - fifteen 60 - sixty 15th - fifteenth 60th - sixtieth 16 - sixteen 70 - seventy 16th - sixteenth 70th - seventieth 17 - seventeen 80 - eighty 17th - seventeenth 80th - eightieth 18 - eighteen 90 - ninety 18th - eighteenth 90th - ninetieth 19 - nineteen 100 - one hundred 19th - nineteenth 100 - hundredth 20 - twenty ... 20th - twentieth ... 21 - twenty one 1000 - one thousand 21st - twenty first 1000 - thousandth 22 - twenty two ... 22nd - twenty second ...

❏ EXERCISE 2

INSTRUCTION: Write the correct name of the numbers shown below. Example: 43 Forty-three^ 1,200 One thousand two hundred Continue: 11 600 57 568 987 129 88 1, 90 1, 35 1,300,

UNIT 2. WRITING THE DATE

→ There are many different ways to write the date in English. The most important thing to remember is that we must use ordinal numbers, as studied in the previous unit. The format may vary from formal to informal, and there are differences between British and American English. The following table shows some of the most used ways of writing the date.

★ Key words:

Month = mes Format American English (month/day/year) British English (day/month/year) A October the Fourteenth, 2020 the Fourteenth of October, 2020 B October 14th, 2020 14th of October, 2020 C October 14, 2020 14 October, 2020 D 10/14/2020 14/10/ → In Mexico, we use the british format → day/month/year. → Generally, the longer formats, such as A or B, are more polite, since they show more respect for the reader. On the other hand, shorter formats, such as D, are used in less formal situations. Day = día Year = año

UNIT 3. DAYS AND MONTHS

→ Days of the week: ENGLISH SPANISH Monday Lunes Tuesday Martes Wednesday Miércoles Thursday Jueves Friday Viernes Saturday Sábado Sunday Domingo → Months of the year: ENGLISH SPANISH January Enero February Febrero March Marzo April Abril May Mayo June Junio July Julio August Agosto September Septiembre October Octubre November Noviembre December Diciembre

❏ EXERCISE 1

INSTRUCTIONS: Fill in the blanks with the months in the correct order. July December January March June September May October February April November August 1st month of the year 2nd month 3rd month 4th month 5th month 6th month 7th month 8th month 9th month 10th month 11th month 12th month

UNIT 4. PERSONAL INFORMATION

→ In this unit, we will learn the most common questions to ask about personal information, to start a conversation and to know more general information.

★ Information questions:

→ Information questions are asked with the question words what, where, when, how, why, and which. These questions require longer answers to provide the specific information requested. Traduction Question Possible answer ¿De donde eres? Where are you from? I’m from Mexico. ¿Qué hiciste ayer? What did you do yesterday? I went to the movies with my family. ¿Qué tan difícil estaba el examen? How hard was the exam? It was really hard. ¿Cuál de estos prefieres? Which of these do you prefer? I prefer the black one. ¿Porque no fuiste a la escuela? Why you didn’t go to school? I was sick. ¿Cuándo es la fiesta? When is the party? Is next friday.

★ Questions to say Hello.

→ We ask these questions to say hello to somebody and to start a conversation.

Question Traduction How are you? (formal) ¿Cómo estás? How’s it going? (informal) ¿Cómo te va? What’s up? (informal) ¿Qué hay de nuevo? How you been? (informal) ¿Cómo has estado?

Example: John: What’s up? Mary: Nothing much. How are you? John: I’m fine, thank you.

★ Questions to ask about personal information

Question Traduction What is your name? ¿Cómo te llamas? / ¿Cuál es tu nombre? What’s your first name? ¿Cuál es tu primer nombre? What’s your surname*/family name? ¿Cuál es tu apellido? / ¿Cómo te apellidas? How old are you? ¿Cuántos años tienes? When were you born? ¿Dónde naciste? Where are you from? ¿De donde eres? Where do you live? ¿Dónde vives? What’s your address? ¿Cuál es tu dirección? What's your telephone number? ¿Cuál es tu número de teléfono? What’s your email address? ¿Cuál es tu dirección de correo? Are you married? ¿Estás casado/a? Are you single? ¿Estás soltero/a? What do you do? / What’s your job? ¿En qué trabajas? When is your birthday? ¿Cuándo es tu cumpleaños? What year were you born? ¿En qué año naciste? Do you have any brothers or sisters? ¿Tienes hermanos o hermanas? Do you have any children? ¿Tienes hijos?

* Surname refers to the last name of a person or its family name = apellido.

LESSON 2

UNIT 1. FAMILY MEMBERS

➢ Study the following table: Family members Traduction Pronunciation Parents Mother/mom Father/dad First-born Children Only child Son Daughter Brother Sister padres madre/mamá padre/papá primogénito niños/hijos(plural) hijo/a único/a hijo (masculino) hija (femenino) hermano (masculino) hermana (femenino) (párents) (móder)/(móm) (fáder)(dád) (férst-bórn) (children) (óunli cháild) (són) (dóter) (bróder) (síster) Stepfather/stepdad Stepmother/stepmom Stepson Stepdaughter Stepbrother Stepsister padrastro madrastra hijastro hijastra hermanastro hermanastra (stép fáder)/(stép dád) (stép móder)/(stép móm) (stép són) (stép dóter) (stép bróder) (stép síster) Aunt Uncle Cousin Niece Nephew tía tío primo/a sobrina (femenino) sobrino (masculino) (ant) (ankl) (kósin) (níis) (néfiu)

Grandparents Grandmother Grandfather Granddaughter Grandson Grandchildren Great-grandparents Great-grandmother Great-grandfather Great-granddaughter Great-grandson Great-grandchildren abuelos abuela abuelo nieta nieto nietos (plural) bisabuelos bisabuela bisabuelo bisnieta bisnieto bisnietos (gránd párents) (gránd móder) (gránd fáder) (gránd dóter) (gránd són) (gránd children) (gréit- gránd párents) (gréit gránd móder) (gréit gránd fáder) (gréit gránd dóter) (gréit gránd són) (gréit gránd children) Godparents Godmother Godfather Godson Goddaughter padrinos madrina padrino ahijado ahijada (god párents) (god móder) (god fáder) (god són) (god dóter) Husband Wife Father-in-law Mother-in-law Daughter-in-law Son-in-law Brother-in-law esposo esposa suegro suegra nuera yerno cuñado (jásband) (uáif) (fáder in ló) (móder in ló) (dóter in ló) (són in ló) (bróder in ló) Sister-in-law cuñada (síster in ló)

UNIT 2. PERSONAL PRONOUNS

→ A personal pronoun is a pronoun that is associated primarily with a particular person, in the grammatical sense. GRAMMATICAL RULES: First person ‘I’^ (yo) Second person ‘You’^ (tú) Third person ‘It, He, She’^ (eso, él, ella) → Personal pronouns may take on various forms depending on number (singular or plural), gender, or formality. people. → Personal pronouns provide us with the following information:

● The person – Who is speaking?

● The number – Is the pronoun plural or singular?

● The gender – Is the pronoun feminine, masculine, or neuter?

Example: You need to stop laughing at me. Look at my dog! He has climbed to the top of that tree. → It is important to note that personal pronouns may refer to objects, animals, or I like to eat sushi.

❏ EXERCISE 1

INSTRUCTION: Choose the correct answer from the options in order to fill in the blanks to complete the sentence. Use personal pronouns. Example:

1. He is looking at me. a. They b. He c. Steve d. Who Continue:
2. likes to read a lot. a. Mary b. Whom c. She d. Alan
3. is from Canada. a. He b. They c. Mary d. I
4. like to go to the beach. a. I b. Diana c. Who d. My cat
5. Monica isn’t an engineer, is an architect. a. They b. He c. She d. Whom
6. are my best friend. a. They b. Whom c. Them d. You