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45 123 [552 [5343 12%07 eS 1000 Talschotter Kalkmergel Kalkstein 1000 22 Sandstein Tonmergel Do Prime Meridian Parallels ed Maridians af Laltudo Longitude Sphere Sphercid 28 —Tanmirte Mercator proc. mtn aras, 15 gscuo Conta mendan 30 E and Nor Polo a 90" one se pecan. Cylindrical Projections Frgura 2A Trenes Mercator prin. Tasa incamces. 2 gc. TRANSVERSE MERCATOR Projection Classifications Transverse aspect of Mercator projection Cylindrical Conformal Graticule Meridians and parallels: Central meridian, each meridian 90” from central meridian, and the Equator are straight lines. Other meridians and parallels are complex curves, concave toward the central meridian and the nearest pole, respectively. Poles: Points along the central meridian Symmetry: About any straight meridian or the Equator Scale True along the central meridian or along two straight lines on the map equidistant from and parallel to the central meridian Constant along any straight line on the map parallel to the central meridian. (These lines are only approximately straight for the projection of the ellipsoid.) Increases with distance from the central meridian Becomes infinite 90” from the central meridian Distortion At a given distance from the central meridian in figure 24, the distortion in area is identical with that at the same distance from the Equator in figure 14. Other features Conceptually projected onto a cylinder wrapped around the globe tangent to the central meridian or secant along two small circles equidistant from the central meridian Cannot be geometrically (or perspectively) projected Rhumb lines generally are not straight lines. Usage Many of the topographic and planimetric map quadrangles throughout the world at scales of 1:24,000 to 1:250,000 Basis for Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) grid and projection - Basis for State Plane Coordinate System in U.S. | States having predominantly north-south extent Recommended for conformal mapping of regions having predominantly north-south extent Origin Presented by Johann Heinrich Lambert (1728- 77) of Alsace in 1772. Formulas for ellipsoidal use developed by Carl Friedrich Gauss of Germany in 1822 and by L. Kruger of Germany, L.P. Lee of New Zealand, and others in the 20th century. Other names Gauss Conformal (ellipsoidal form only) Gauss-Krúger (ellipsoidal form only) Transverse Cylindrical Orthomorphic Vista ' de mapa. Perfil. . Valle Cerro Vista de mapa. Perfíl. Valle Cerro Perfil. Valle vista [a de mapa. Cerro Perfíl. ra 1000 1000 Talschotter 22 Sandstein Kalkmergel Tonmergel Kalkstein . 12902 ot [vw 65 = Yu 5 ES 5 = A 5547 sal! [5347 Í 46 El 5 Ñ 4s 5 A Do A 173 114 sp2 3 ez 15343 1202 12905' —= [uso 03 04 05 1000 500 o 1000 MaNstab 1 : 25000 Marga Calcarca Caliza Yapa Ferfi1 Mapa Perfil Antíclinal. Vista del ese en el blooue. == 4502. 03 ZO 104 05 12902! SL, |w Gr | + 12908 ¡5506 PZA z NE 75547 530110 , / Asa = Sl | 46 46 45 > > 45 113 113 5507! 155921 15343 343 12902 1205 — _ |Jusoz 03 04 os Palla Marga Calcarca Ba Caliza 556" + Aa 1207 ES 4502000 03 ne Ñ 1000 500 o 000 1 : 25000 il Kalkmergel Sandstein Kalkstein Tonmergel Basall 
