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Media Theory World Views, Apuntes de Teoría Social

Unit 1 of Media Theory con esquemas y en ingles

Tipo: Apuntes

2017/2018

Subido el 21/10/2018

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Media Theory 13/09/18
1. THE WORLD OF THEORY &
ACCEPTED VIEWS OF THE
MEDIA.
What is theory?
Definition 1: A collection of propositions to illustrate the principles of a subject.
Definition 2: A contemplative and ration type of abstract or generalazing thinking or the
results of such thinking.
Definition 3: A formal statement of the rules on which a subject of study is based.
Definition 4: A summary of a hypothesis or group of hypotheses that have been supported
with repeated testing.
Theory is an abstraction separated from a concrete case.
The importance of theory
The starting point is innovation. To have an innovative idea.
Ideas lead us toward their habitat, the world of abstraction and theory.
Theory is the heart of science.
Theories generate the experiments which test facts.
Scientists are imbued with theories about social reality before they decide study it.
How is theory generated?
“Nonfactual” theoretical environment ----------------------------------- “Factual”/Empirical environment
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Media Theory 13/09/

1. THE WORLD OF THEORY &

ACCEPTED VIEWS OF THE

MEDIA.

What is theory?

  • Definition 1: A collection of propositions to illustrate the principles of a subject.
  • Definition 2: A contemplative and ration type of abstract or generalazing thinking or the results of such thinking.
  • Definition 3: A formal statement of the rules on which a subject of study is based.
  • Definition 4: A summary of a hypothesis or group of hypotheses that have been supported with repeated testing.

Theory is an abstraction separated from a concrete case.

The importance of theory

  • The starting point is innovation. To have an innovative idea.
  • Ideas lead us toward their habitat, the world of abstraction and theory.
  • Theory is the heart of science.
  • Theories generate the experiments which test facts.
  • Scientists are imbued with theories about social reality before they decide study it.

How is theory generated?

“Nonfactual” theoretical environment ----------------------------------- “Factual”/Empirical environment

General assumptions

  • Also called paradigms.
  • They are related to philosophical questions about the research activity.
  • We can identify at least three major questions:

1. The ontological concern – the nature of reality (Social action and order) in social

sciences.

2. The epostemological concern – how we kwno what we know.

3. The axiological concern – related to values.

Examples of paradigms (or worldviews)

  • The empirical , positivistic view. → An objective truth. → Neutral in relation to values. → Natural sciences' methodologies.
  • The interpretative , hermeneutic view. → Truth is subjective. → Values are important. → Rich explanations.
  • The critical view → Ideology → People who are in power monitor knowledge → Use science to solve power imbalance. Two opposite views of understanding people's behavior in society Two opposite views of understanding the meaning of social order
  • Spectacle and simulacra: the media hides the truth and creates models of reality without reality (simulation).
  • Prothesis: the media is an extension of our body. The medium is the message.
  • Decoding:
  • Public sphere: the media is the main commmunitcative institution of civil society. The crucial role of journalism to reflects the common codes of civil society (freedom, solidarity, equality, etc)
  • Service journalism:
  • Agenda setting: Perharps this hypothesized agenda-setting function of the mass media is most succinctly started by Cohen, who noted that the press “may not be successfull in telling its readers what to think about”.
  • Convergence: where the old and the new media collide. Participation in a culture of convergence requires the development of cognitive capacities (collective intelligence). An example of this is YouTube.
  • Media agenda newpaper headlines: Read through headlines and first sentences. Match them.