Objective Techniques in Psychology: Assessing Perception, Cognition, and Psychophysiology , Apuntes de Psicología

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UNIT 11

OBJECTIVE TECHNIQUES

INDEX

**1. DEFINITION AND FEATURES

2. CLASSIFICATION:** Perceptual Techniques Cognitive Techniques Motor Techniques **Psychophysiological Techniques
3. PROBLEMS IN THE ASSESSMENT OF PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL VARIABLES
4. MAIN FIELDS OF APPLICATION**

BIBLIOGRAPHY

**- Class notes

• Fernández Ballesteros, R. (2004).** Evaluación Psicológica : concepto, método y estudios de casos****. Madrid: Pirámide. Chapter 6
• Moreno Rosset, C. (2005). Evaluación Psicológica. Concepto, proceso y aplicación en las áreas del desarrollo y de la inteligencia. Sanz y Torres. Chapter 9

DEFINITION AND FEATURES

PERVIN : Objective tests have to meet two aspects: the kind of task and control of

the response. So, "objective techniques" will be those that:

a) Are composed of structured tasks with a limited number of alternative answers c) The subject could not exercise voluntary control over the response

This definition would allow for performance tests, direct observation and psychophysiological recordings

FERNANDEZ BALLESTEROS : objective techniques must meet three criteria:

a) Procedure objective: techniques with structured tasks and maximum control variables b) The subject can not voluntarily modify their responses c) Objectivity in scores: scores are obtained through mechanisms where no alteration can be made by the evaluator

Objective techniques are those procedures

for collecting information, in structured

situations and controlled laboratory

conditions using tasks and devices that

require answers not controlled voluntarily

by the subject, and where the presentation,

processing and scoring are independent of

the evaluator

OBJECTIVE PERCEPTUAL TECHNIQUES

Tactile perception :

Instruments that assess tactile perception are:

1. Aesthesiometer: recording sensitivity of the skin at a point

2. Test of discrimination between two points: same as above but

comparing between two points at once

3. Dolorimeter: recording the pressure pain threshold on the surface of the

skin with a sensor

Application areas: neurological problems, tactile sensitivity, sensitivity to

pain …

OBJECTIVE PERCEPTUAL TECHNIQUES

Tactile perception :

1. Aesthesiometer

2. Test of discrimination between two/three points:

3. Dolorimeter:

OBJECTIVE PERCEPTUAL TECHNIQUES

Auditory perception :

1. Sound Level Meter:

2. Sound Discrimination Test:

OBJECTIVE PERCEPTUAL TECHNIQUES

Visual Perception

YVPS-R, Test of Perceptual Skills, measuring seven different areas: discrimination, memory, spatial relations, recalling shapes, sequential memory, figure-background and closing tasks.

Apparatus for Visual Discrimination: it includes different light stimuli for the subject to estimate what is the most intense.

Fusion Point "Flicker“: prediction assessment of when two moving points will coincide in space.

Apparatus of Optical Illusions: illusions about depth, angle, movement and color

Apparatus of depth perception: consisting of two bars and a wooden compartment which, when lighted, eliminates all depth clues.

Rod and Flame Test, horizontal-vertical perception test : it consists of a camera obscura which independently rotates the figures of a flame and a rod

OBJECTIVE PERCEPTUAL TECHNIQUES

Visual Perception

Optical Illusions:

OBJECTIVE PERCEPTUAL TECHNIQUES

Visual Perception

Optical Illusions:

OBJECTIVE PERCEPTUAL TECHNIQUES

Visual Perception

Apparatus of depth perception:

Rod and Frame Test

OBJECTIVE PERCEPTUAL TECHNIQUES

Visual Perception

Pupillometer

OBJETIVE COGNITIVE THECHNIQUES

Attention

Memory

Polirreactigraph: assessment of reaction times Diffuse Attention: looking out for various simultaneous stimuli. Focused Attention: looking out for a single stimulus

Tachistoscope: assessment of attention/perception. Brief presentation is visual (msg)

Drum memory: memory assessment task with short presentation of different stimuli,

Aplicación areas:

1. Neuropsychological assessment
2. Perceptual alterations in different diseases (ex.esquizofrenia)
3. Research in information processing,
4. Sport psychology
5. Recruitment
6. Publicity
7. Air traffic controllers

OBJETIVE COGNITIVE THECHNIQUES

Attention

Memory

Polirreactigraph:

Tachistoscope Drum memory test