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INGLÉS INSTRUMENTAL
UNIT 1. VERB TENSES. PRESENT SIMPLE AND CONTINUOUS
PRESENT SIMPLE
Affirmative Negative Interrogative I want I do not (don’t) want Do I want? He/she/it wants He/she/it does not (doesn’t) want Does he/she/it want? We/you/they want We/you/they do not (don’t) want Do we/you/they want?
Spelling of the third person singular:
- Most verbs add -s: Work → work s Start → start s
- Verbs ending in – s/-ss/-sh/-ch/-x add -es. Miss → miss es Wash → wash es Note also: Go → go es Do → do es
- Verbs ending in - y , change -y to – ie when we add -s. Hurry → hurr ies Study → stud ies USES
Use the present simple for:
- things that are always true or happen regularly. I usually go away at weekends. (something happens repeatedly) The café opens at 7.30 in the morning. (something happens repeatedly) Nurses look after patients in hospital. (something is true in general) The earth goes around the sun. (something is true in general)
- permanent situations. They work in a bank. My parents live in London. They have lived there all their lives.
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
Affirmative Negative Interrogative I am studying I am not (I’m not) studying am I studying? He/she/it is studying He/she/it is not (isn’t) studying is he/she/it studying? We/you/they are studying We/you/they are not (aren’t) studying are we/you/they studying?
Spelling of the -ing form:
- Most verbs add - ing : Work → work ing Start → start ing Visit → visit ing
- Verbs ending in -e. We normally leave out -e when we add -ing to a verb that ends in -e. Take → tak ing Drive → driv ing But we keep e before -ing with the verb to be and verbs that end in - ee. Be → be ing See → s eeing Agree → agr eeing
- When a verb ends in - ie , it changes -ie to - y when we add -ing. Die → d ying Lie → l ying
- Sometimes we double a final consonant. This happens when a one-syllable verb ends with one vowel and one consonant. Shop → sho pping Plan → pla nning If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the final syllable is stressed. Prefer → prefe rring Regret → regre tting Permit → permi tting Begin → begi nning In British English, verbs ending in -l have -ll before -ing whether the final syllable is stressed or not. Travel → trave lling
EXERCISES
a. Correct the mistakes in the highlighted phrases.
E.g. Ouch! You stand on my foot! → You’re standing
- They have always breakfast in bed on a Sunday morning.
- She can’t come to the phone now. She has a shower.
- We are needing an answer from you before Wednesday.
- I’m studying a lot now because I have exams next week.
- She don’t eat meat at all.
- They always are late.
- Do you go out tonight?
- He never replys to my emails!
- A: Are you going to the park this afternoon? B: I don’t know. It’s depending on the weather.
b. Write questions in the present continuous or present simple.
E.g. A: What are you eating? (you/eat) B: A cheese sandwich.
- A: Where __________ lunch today? (you/have) B: At home. My mum’s making pasta.
- A: What __________? (he/do) B: He’s an accountant.
- A: __________ this weekend? (you/go away) B: No, we’re staying here.
- A: __________ to eat out tonight? (you/want) B: Yes, that would be nice. Where shall we go?
- A: What __________? (she/cook) B: I don’t know but it smells good.
c. Choose the correct form of the verbs.
Noemi: What do you study/are you studying? Victor: Political Science. Noemi: I do/I’m doing Social Anthropology. Where do you come/are you coming from?
Victor: I’m from Coimbra, in Portugal. Noemi: How many hours of classes do you have/are you having a day? Victor: It depends/It’s depending on the day, but usually four. Do you go/are you going to the party tonight? Noemi: Do you mean/are you meaning the one for new students? I can’t, because I need/I’m needing to get organized tonight. I move/I’m moving to a rented flat tomorrow. Victor: Where do you live/are you living at the moment? Noemi: I stay/I’m staying in a bed and breakfast. Victor: What do you do/are you doing on Sunday afternoon? If you want/are wanting, we could meet and look around the city. Noemi: I meet/I’m meeting some friends in the afternoon. What about Sunday morning? Victor: Fine. Where shall we meet?
d. Complete the dialogues with the correct form of the verbs: present simple or present continuous.
Driver: So, What _________________ (do) here in Chicago, mister? Man: I _________________ (visit) some clients. Driver: Where are you from? You _________________ (not mind) me asking, do you? Man: Not at all. From Inchon, in Korea. Driver: Good place to be! Me, I’m from Idaho. How long _________________ (stay) here? Man: Three days. I _________________ (go) home on Saturday. Driver: OK. Hey, _________________ (like) steak? _________________ (know) where the best steak in all of America _________________ (come) from? That’s right – Idaho!
Policeman: What _________________ (do) here? Josh: Nothing. Why? Policeman: We ask the questions here. Josh: We _________________(wait) for someone. Policeman: Where _________________ (live)? Josh: 151 Churchill Road. Policeman: What are your names?
