SELECTIVIDAD MODELOS INGLÉS, Apuntes de Inglés

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

• ENVIRONMENT.....................................................................................................................................................................
  • HAS POLLUTION MADE DRINKING WATER UNSAFE? (JUNE 2001)...............................................................................
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  • ARCTIC SEA ICE MELTING FASTER (SEPTEMBER 2007)............................................................................................................
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  • AMPHIBIANS MAY SOON DISAPPEAR (JUNE 2008)........................................................................................................................
  • OPCIÓ B: SHOPPERS GO GREEN “TO IMPRESS NEIGHBOURS, NOT TO SAVE THE PLANET” (JUNE 2010)...........
  • OPCIÓ A: CHERNOBYL ‘POSES MORE RISK THAN FUKUSHIMA’ (JUNE 2011)...........................................................
  • EARTHQUAKE DEVASTATES JAPAN..............................................................................................................................................
• NEW TECHNOLOGIES...........................................................................................................................................................
  • OPCIÓ A: HOW FIVE YEARS OF YOUTUBE TURNS A NOBODY INTO A STAR (JUNE 2010)....................................
  • OPCIÓ B: ARE YOUR KIDS AWAKE? THEY’RE ON LINE (SEPTEMBER 2011).............................................................
  • OPCIÓ A: WHAT THE TITANIC MEANS TODAY (JUNE 2012).........................................................................................
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  • OPCIÓ B: TABLETS TO BEAT DESKTOP SALES (JULY 2013)..........................................................................................
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  • OPCIÓ A: TWITTER AND FACEBOOK AT SCHOOL (JUNE 2013)....................................................................................
• EDUCATION.........................................................................................................................................................................
  • SCHOOLS ‘EXCLUDE 10 PUPILS A DAY’ (JUNE 2006)..................................................................................................................
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  • OPCIÓ B: NOW TEACHERS ARE ORDERED TO SMILE AT THEIR PUPILS (SEPTEMBER 2010)...............................
• WORK & SOCIAL ISSUES.......................................................................................................................................................
  • OPCIÓ A: YOUNG TURN TO PIRACY TO WATCH PAY TV FOR FREE (SEPTEMBER 2012).......................................
  • BULLYING COMES HOME......................................................................................................................................................
  • ANIMAL LOVERS?...................................................................................................................................................................
  • TEENAGE PREGNANCY (SEPTEMBER 2002)......................................................................................................................
  • IMMIGRATION (SEPTEMBER 2003)...........................................................................................................................................
  • FIRST-BORN, MIDDLE OR LAST-BORN? (JUNE 2004).......................................................................................................
  • ABORTION ON DEMAND A STEP TOO FAR FOR SPANISH RIGHT (SEPTEMBER 2009).................................................................
  • OPCIÓ B: CLEANER RUINS 800,000€ ARTWORK THAT SHE THOUGHT WAS DIRTY...............................................
    • (JUNE 2012)...............................................................................................................................................................................
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  • OPCIÓ B: ALERT PIZZA DELIVERY DRIVER SAVERS CUSTOMER’S LIFE (SEPTEMBER 2012)..............................
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  • OPCIÓ A: STORE BRANDS LIFT GROCERS IN TROUBLED TIMES (SEPTEMBER 2010).............................................
  • OPCIÓ B: SPAIN: NO COUNTRY FOR THE YOUNG? (JUNE 2011)...................................................................................
  • OPCIÓ B: TEEN SPIRIT: WHAT’S IT REALLY LIKE TO BE A TEENAGER? (JUNE 2013)............................................
• HEALTH...............................................................................................................................................................................
  • WHAT SHOULD YOU EAT? (JUNE 2000)..............................................................................................................................
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  • WHY PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IS IMPORTANT FOR YOU (JUNE 2002)..............................................................................
  • PUBLIC SMOKING BAN CUTS HEART ATTACKS (JUNE 2005).......................................................................................
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  • OPCIÓ A : CIGARETTES MAY HAVE TO BE SOLD IN PLAIN PACKETS (JULY 2013).................................................

2. Everybody agrees that drinking water is badly polluted.
3. Recent technology has allowed scientists to notice the presence of pollutants more accurately. III. Find a synonym for each of the four words below from these six options. ( 1 point:0’25 each) accumulate environmentalists lowest pollutants largest settle on
4. people who want to protect and preserve the natural environment.
5. substances that make the water impure and dangerous for people and animals to drink.
6. biggest
7. are gathered IV. Choose a, b, or c, in each question below. Only one choice is correct. (1’5 point: 0' each)
8. Groundwater pollution is called the plague of the 1990s because… a) it might affect almost everybody. b) it is the water held beneath the earth. c) it is known by everybody.
9. The amount of drinking water is mainly found… a) in lakes and rivers. b) in laboratories. c) in groundwater.
10. Non-environmentalists think that… a) pure water only exists in nature. b) drinking water is pure. c) drinking water is safe if the pollutants do not exceed the safety levels. Part B. Composition (130-150 words approximately). Choose one of the following topics. (4 points) a) Do you think that young people are interested in environmental problems? b) Describe ways to protect the environment. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ARCTIC SEA ICE MELTING FASTER (SEPTEMBER 2007) Climate scientists may have significantly underestimated the power of global warming from human- generated heat-trapping gases to shrink the cap of sea ice floating on the Artic Ocean. A new study concluded that an open-water Arctic in summers could be more likely in this century than had been estimated in the latest international review of climate research released in February. “There are huge changes going on”, said Julienne Stroeve, author of this new study. “Just with warm waters entering the Arctic, combined with warming air temperatures, this is causing destruction on the sea ice”. She also concluded that if emissions of heat-trapping gases like carbon dioxide were not significantly reduced, the region could end up with no floating ice in summers sometime between 2050 and the early decades of the next century. For the new study, Dr. Stroeve reviewed nearly six decades of measurements

by ships, airplanes and satellites estimating the maximum and minimum area of Arctic sea ice, which typically expands most in March and shrinks most in September. With an expert from the National Center for Atmospheric Research, they then compared the observed trends with the projections made for the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, using the world’s most advanced computer models of climate. D. Stroeve found that since 1953 the area of sea ice in September has declined at an average rate of 7.8 per cent per decade. Computer climate simulations of the same period had an average rate of ice loss of 2.5 per cent per decade. I. Answer the following questions using your own words but taking into account the information in the text.

1. Why is sea ice rapidly disappearing? (1 point)
2. How did Dr. Stroeve collect information for her study? (1 point) II. Are the following statements True (T) or False (F)? Identify the part of the text that supports your answer by copying the exact words on the answer sheet. (1’5 point: 0'5 point each)
3. This century could see the Arctic Ocean without the cap of sea ice during the summer.
4. The largest area of sea ice can be seen in September.
5. Since the fifties, the area of sea ice is decreasing at a rate of more than 7% every ten years. III. Find a synonym for each of the four words below from these six options. ( 1 point:0’25 each) shrink released huge reviewed trends simulations
6. made public
7. tendencies
8. examined
9. diminish IV. Choose a, b, or c, in each question below. Only one choice is correct. (1’5 point: 0'5 each)
10. Human-generated gases produce… a) ice on the Arctic Ocean in summer. b) the melting of sea ice during the summer. c) small changes during the summer.
11. If carbon dioxide is not reduced… a) floating ice will produce heat-trapping gases. b) floating ice will disappear before 2050. c) floating ice will disappear just after 2050.
12. The author of this study examined… a) data collected over a period of sixty years. b) data collected by the scientist herself over a period of sixty years. c) data collected for nearly sixty years. Part B. Composition (130-150 words approximately). Choose one of the following topics. (4 points)
13. Give your opinion about the devastating consequences of global warming.
14. How do you think you could contribute to the preservation of our planet? ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ AMPHIBIANS MAY SOON DISAPPEAR (JUNE 2008) The Chinese calendar says 2008 is the year of the Rat, but according to the Association of Zoos and Aquariums (AZA), 2008 should be the Year of the Frog. The reason is that frogs are disappearing from our planet at an alarming rate and, in a few years, they may all be extinct. In August 2007, more than 230 delegates representing zoos and aquariums from 35 countries gathered in Hungry to sign a petition, calling on governments to help to preserve amphibian life. This

Part B. Composition (130-150 words approximately). Choose one of the following topics. (4 points)

1. Are animals equally important and necessary? Give reasons.
2. Why do you think some animals became extinct and others are in danger of extinction? OPCIÓ B: SHOPPERS GO GREEN “TO IMPRESS NEIGHBOURS, NOT TO SAVE THE PLANET” (JUNE 2010) Shoppers are hypocritical about buying environmentally friendly goods, according to a report which has found consumers are more concerned about impressing the neighbours than saving the planet. While consumers are more likely to “go green” on the high street where they can be seen making altruistic choices, the privacy of online shopping brings out an entirely different behaviour. When people are not being watched by their peers they are more willing to shun the ethical products in favour of comfort and convenience, the report says. The habit has been studied by Vladas Griskevicius, of the University of Minnesota, who found eco-friendly shopping decisions are not always motivated by a social concern. He discovered that people were more likely to buy energy efficient light bulbs from the shops, but tended to opt for the old-fashioned type online. The same trend was also found when people purchased white goods, electronics and even domestic cleaning products over the internet. Mr Griskevicius picks out the Toyota Prius car as a prime example. Celebrities including Leonardo Di Caprio and Cameron Diaz have been photographed behind a wheel of a Prius, despite being well able to afford a more powerful and expensive car, sending the message that they are concerned for the environment. “When you publicly display your environmentally friendly nature, you send the signal that you care”, said the report. The study also showed that people were often more willing to buy green products when they were the most expensive option, because it showed they could afford to be caring. The Daily Telegraph, March, 17, 2010 p. I. Answer the following questions using your own words but taking into account the information in the text. (2 points: 1 point each)
3. What are the real reasons why consumers buy eco-friendly goods?
4. Why do some film stars promote eco-friendly products? II. Are the following statements True (T) or False (F)? Identify the part of the text that supports your answer by copying the exact words on the answer sheet. (1’5 point: 0'5 each) a. People tend to buy more green products online. b. The car that most film stars own is a Toyota Prius. c. People don’t mind buying “green” products when they are more expensive if other people notice what they are buying. III. Find a synonym for each of the four words below from these six options. (1 point: 0’25 each) concerned privacy behaviour peers purchased prime

a) bought b) representative, characteristic c) intimacy d) preoccupied IV. Choose a, b, or c, in each question below. Only one choice is correct. (1’5 point: 0'5 each)

1. According to the report, people who buy eco-friendly products... a) are more interested in impressing their neighbours. b) are more interested in saving the planet. c) are more interested in comfort and convenience.
2. When buying goods on the Internet... a) consumers always “go green”. b) consumers rarely “go green”. c) consumers “go green” if the bulbs are energy efficient.
3. Leonardo Di Caprio and Cameron Diaz have both... a) photographed cars including the Toyota Prius. b) promoted the Toyota Prius. c) bought powerful and expensive cars such as the Toyota Prius. Part B. Write a 130 to 150-word composition. (4 points) What is your opinion about eco-friendly products? Do you think they are an urgent need or just a passing fashion? ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ OPCIÓ A: CHERNOBYL ‘POSES MORE RISK THAN FUKUSHIMA’ (JUNE 2011) The recent nuclear disaster at the Fukushima plant in Japan has been described as the ‘next Chernobyl’ – but Chernobyl itself poses an even greater threat, according to campaigners. Twenty-five years on from the accident, the sarcophagus hastily put in place to prevent further poisons seeping into the atmosphere is now crumbling. And this poses a great danger to the people of the region, according to Adi Roche, Chief Executive of Chernobyl Children International (CCI). A quarter of the region is now unoccupiable and already 200,000 people have been displaced from their homes, but the nightmare may not be over for the people of Belarus. In the aftermath of the explosion in 1986, emergency teams covered the stricken reactor with a massive steel and concrete structure to seal in the lethal mix of radioactive fuel and materials like concrete and sand that fused together in the 1986 blast. That has come to the end of its lifespan and must be replaced but, to date, nothing has been done. “It is a crumbling sarcophagus”, and “The next Chernobyl could be Chernobyl”, said Ms Roche of the structure of nearly 700,000 tons of steel and 400,000 tons of concrete. She estimates that just three per cent of the radiation escaped in the original explosion –leaving 97% of the material “still rumbling away”. She was “heartbroken” when the catastrophe struck at the Fukushima plant in Japan. She also pointed out immediately after the Japanese disaster, experts had said: “This is not Chernobyl”. But now, weeks later:”It is Chernobyl”. Irish Independent , 22nd April, 2011, p. 13

EARTHQUAKE DEVASTATES JAPAN

More than 1,000 people were believed dead and many more missing after the worst earthquake that struck Japan’s north-east coast, provoking a 10m-high tsunami, destroying towns and starting a nuclear emergency. The 8.9-magnitude shock triggered tsunami alerts and evacuations across the Pacific region. As dawn broke this morning, the full scale of the damage began to emerge. The earthquake shook buildings 235 miles away in Tokyo and experts said it was around 8,000 times more powerful than the recent New Zealand quake. There were unconfirmed reports of 88,000 people missing. Police said they had found 200-300 bodies in a coastal area of devastated Sendai city. Another 137 died elsewhere, with 539 injured and 351 missing. Aftershocks continued for hours after the first tremor, many of more than magnitude 6.0. Miyagi , Fukushima and Iwate areas in the north suffered the worst part of the damage from the shock and the resulting tsunami. Muddy torrents swept across these cities, tearing buildings from their foundations. Houses were carried along by waves, and vehicles smashed into walls and roads, only to be dragged back out to sea as the water reversed its course. Across the Pacific, lots of countries were on tsunami alert, including Australia and New Zealand. The Tokyo Electric Power Co said pressure inside the no 1 reactor at its Fukushima-Daiichi nuclear plant was rising, increasing the risk of a radiation leak. The company was taking measures to release the pressure, the report added. Shaun Burnie, the head of nuclear campaigns at Greenpeace International, said there was a very real risk of a leak if nuclear fuel inside the reactor continued increasing its temperature. "This is a serious situation. The last thing the people of Japan need after the tragedy of this earthquake and tsunami is a nuclear catastrophe." The US geological survey said the shock was the biggest earthquake to hit Japan since records began in the late 1800s. Japan is one of the most seismically active countries and this shock was one of several to have struck the north-east this week, including one of magnitude 7.3 on Wednesday. The Guardian, Friday 11 March 2011 I. Answer the following questions using your own words but taking into account the information in the text. (2 points: 1 point each) a. What were the consequences of the earthquake that struck the north-east coast of Japan? b. What is the main risk after the tragedy in Japan? II. Are the following statements are true (T) or false (F)? Identify the part of the text that supports your answer by copying the exact passage on the answer sheet. (1.5 point: 0.5 each)

1. According to the text, over 1,000 were believed dead after the earthquake.
2. The resulting tsunami reached New Zealand.
3. According to reports, 88,000 people are believed to have disappeared. III. Find a synonym for each of the four words from these six options. (1 point: 0.25 each) struck unsafe magnitude tremor devastated smashed a) importance: b) hit: c) crashed: d) shake:

IV. Choose a, b, or c in each question below. Only one choice is correct. (1.5 point: 0.5 each)

1. The earthquake that hit Japan last March… a) wasn’t as powerful as the earthquake in New Zealand. b) has been the worst in its recorded history. c) destroyed buildings in Tokyo.
2. The tsunami… a) pushed vehicles into the sea. b) dragged vehicles and houses to Australia and New Zealand. c) destroyed other countries apart from Japan.
3. The Tokyo Electric Power Co carried out actions… a) in order to hold the pressure inside the reactor. b) to make the pressure drop. c) to rise the temperature inside the reactor. Part B. Write a 130 to 150-word composition. (4 points) “The Earth's climate has changed a lot in the last 20 years. According to new statistics, natural disasters are increasing at a terrifying rate.” Are you optimistic or pessimistic about the future of our planet? What can we do at home and in our town to protect the environment?

NEW TECHNOLOGIES

OPCIÓ A: HOW FIVE YEARS OF YOUTUBE TURNS A NOBODY INTO A STAR (JUNE 2010)

Five years after Karim and two fellow PayPal employees founded their video-sharing website YouTube, it hosts more than 120 million videos. The site is a phenomenon that’s generated a whole culture of YouTube celebrities. Never before had anyone with a video camera been able to reach a potential audience of millions and for many they did so by accident. But when the site started including advertisements related to the user’s search, some people were able to make money out of their hobbies. The science behind what makes a video a hit remains vague. It’s easier to bathe cats than to predict whether the public will like or dislike something. It’s an illuminating choice of elements: cats are, of course, a pretty good bet. Also babies, though it’s still surprising that a merely moderately amusing family moment is the most watched YouTube video of all time: “Charlie bit my finger”, a clip in which Charlie, aged one, bites the finger of his big brother Harry.

Part B. Write a 130 to 150-word composition. (4 points) Do you think that YouTube is a powerful tool in today’s society? Give reasons. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ OPCIÓ B: ARE YOUR KIDS AWAKE? THEY’RE ON LINE (SEPTEMBER 2011) The average young American now spends practically every waking minute — except for the time in school — using a smart phone, computer, television or other electronic device, according to a new study. Those ages 8 to 18 spend more than seven and a half hours a day with such devices, compared with less than six and a half hours five years ago, when the study was last conducted. And that does not count the hour and a half that youths spend texting, or the half-hour they talk on their cell phones. And because so many of them are multitasking — say, surfing the Internet while listening to music —they pack on average nearly 11 hours of media content into that seven and a half hours. The study’s findings shocked its authors, who had concluded in 2005 that use could not possibly grow further, and confirmed the fears of many parents whose children are constantly tethered to media devices. It found, moreover, that heavy media use is associated with behavior problems and lower grades. The third in a series, the study found that young people’s media consumption grew far more in the last five years than from 1999 to 2004, as sophisticated mobile technology like iPods and smart phones brought media access into teenagers’ pockets and beds. On average, young people spend about two hours a day consuming media on a mobile device, the study found. They spend almost another hour on “old” content like television or music delivered through newer pathways like the Web site Hulu or iTunes. Youths now spend more time listening to or watching media on their cell phones, or playing games, than talking on them. Tamar Lewin The New York Times 21st January, 2010 I. Answer the following questions using your own words but taking into account the information in the text. (2 points: 1 point each) a. Why were the authors surprised about the results of their study? b. According to the text, how do the authors explain the increase in media consumption among the young? II. Are the following statements True (T) or False (F)? Identify the part of the text that supports your answer by copying the exact words on the answer sheet. (1’5 point: 0'5 each) a. Young Americans spend every minute they are awake using electronic devices. b. Multitasking increases the average of media consumption. c. Heavy media consumption is related to poor school performance. III. Find a synonym for each of the four words below from these six options. (1 point: 0’25 each) pack findings fears tethered behavior delivered

a. suspicions b. compress c. results d. attached IV. Choose a, b, or c, in each question below. Only one choice is correct. (1’5 point: 0'5 each)

1. The title of this text suggests that… a. young people spend most of their time awake using electronic devices. b. parents may think their kids are in bed, sleeping, but instead they are on the Internet. c. kids have behavioral problems because they surf the Internet too much.
2. Youth… a. spend an average of seven and a half hours on their cell phones. b. spend less time using electronic devices than before. c. spend more time texting than talking on their cell phones.
3. Young people use their cell phones… a. mostly to talk to their friends. b. less frequently than in the previous study. c. mostly to consume media rather than to make calls. Part B. Write a 130 to 150-word composition. (4 points) What kinds of media devices do you usually use and what for? OPCIÓ A : WHAT THE TITANIC MEANS TODAY (JUNE 2012) A century ago, on an April night in the cold waters of the North Atlantic, a world came to an end. When RMS Titanic struck that iceberg and sank, killing 1,500 people, the disaster became one of those few truly landmark events before which things were one way and after which things were quite another. The great lesson of the disaster is that no matter how smart we think we are, how skilled and how technologically advanced, we remain at the mercy of events beyond our control. Writing in 1955, Walter Lord understood the significance of the subject in A Night to Remember. The Titanic marked the end of a general feeling of confidence. Until then men felt they had found the answer to a steady and civilized life. For 100 years the Western world had been at peace, technology had steadily improved and the benefits of peace and industry seemed to be filtering satisfactorily through society. The Titanic woke them up. Never again would they be quite so sure of themselves.” It seems fair to argue that the 20th century really began the night the Titanic sank. Two years later came the Great War, and the tragedy of Versailles, and the rise of Hitler, and the splitting of the atom, and so on. Yet perhaps the most interesting part of the centennial of the Titanic for us now lies in the fact that technology, like any other human endeavor, is flawed and subject to disaster. We can never Innovate nor create ourselves totally out of harm’s way. Time , 13 April 2012 I. Answer the following questions using your own words but taking into account the information in the text. (2 points: 1 point each) a. What are people supposed to have learnt after the sinking of the Titanic?

OPCIÓ B : TABLETS TO BEAT DESKTOP SALES (JULY 2013)

Tablet computers are set to beat bulky desktops for the first time this year, according to research. Millions are replacing their old-fashioned computers with slimline, touchscreen gadgets. Sales of tablets such as Apple's iPad and Google’s Nexus are about to overtake the type of computers that introduced the internet to the masses, said the International Data Corporation (IDC).The IDC said 128 million tablets were sold last year worldwide, an increase of nearly 80 per cent in 2011.The trend represents a rapid transformation in computer use, just three years after Apple introduced the iPad. And the growth in sales is forecast to continue, meaning tablets will overtake desktops in months and outsell laptops by the end of next year. Experts said that computers are seen as a device for work, but tablets are preferred for leisure activities, such as surfing the web and watching videos. Technology researcher Martin Garner, from CCS Insight, said: “People are using the money they previously used to replace a PC to buy a tablet. In the long term, nearly every person will have their own tablet.” The battle for domination of the mobile and tablet market has become intense in the past 18 months, with Apple’s competitors taking it on with a series of new products. Nokia and Microsoft joined forces to launch two new phones which run on the Windows operating system. Apple registered figures for the Christmas period that showed its rocket-like growth had come to a standstill. Daily Mail , 29 March 2013 I. Answer the following questions using your own words but taking into account the information in the text. (2 points: 1 point each) a. Can you explain what is changing in relation to computer use? b. What differences in use are there between desktops and tablets? II. Are the following statements true (T) or false (F)? Identify the part of the text that supports your answer by copying the exact passage on the answer sheet. (1.5 point: 0.5 each) a. Desktops are slimline, touchscreen gadgets. b. Instead of buying a new desktop, people are now buying a tablet. c. Apple increased its sales a lot during the Christmas period. III. Find a synonym for each of the four words below from these six options: (1 point: 0.25 each) overtake trend forecast device launch standstill a. machine b. start c. estimated d. tendency IV. Choose a, b, or c, in each question below. Only one choice is correct. (1.5 points: 0.5 each)

1. The IDC found that nearly 80%…

a. of the computers sold last year were tablets. b. of the tablets are either iPad or Nexus. c. was the rising rate of tablets sold last year.

2. Experts state that computers are chosen to work, … a. and considered essential for leisure activities. b. to surf the web and to watch videos. c. and not so much for leisure activities.
3. During the Christmas period … a. Apple made more profits than ever before. b. Apple made lower profits than ever before. c. Apple’s sales slowed down. Part B. Composition (130 to 150 words approximately) (4 points) What are the benefits of using tablets? Can you think of any disadvantages? ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ OPCIÓ A : TWITTER AND FACEBOOK AT SCHOOL (JUNE 2013) A school in Taunton has begun teaching 13- and 14-year-old pupils about how to avoid defaming people on Twitter, Facebook and other social media. Earlier this year, Lord McAlpine announced he would sue some Twitter users after being inaccurately connected to allegations of child abuse. Media coverage of the McAlpine case prompted Taunton teachers to extend teaching on the use of the internet and social media, which falls into one section of the national curriculum. “The scheme began with lessons on basic internet safety”, said Carol Manley, senior teacher at the school. “We then realised that actually this was becoming quite a serious issue with things like parties on Facebook, the traps students can so easily fall into”. The decision was made to teach pupils in year nine the basics of defamation, not least how to avoid being chased for compensation. Manley said: “Of course, celebrities tweeting the wrong thing is in a different league to us, but it highlights how easily you can get something horribly wrong. It’s a good opportunity for us to say to the children, look, even something that starts off as a joke or something silly can actually get you into trouble. They’re also being taught to not even post anything like that.” “If you wouldn’t say something to a person’s face nor in front of me or your parents, then don’t say it. That’s the key bit that we try to get across to them. Pupils have to be aware that anyone can be defamed”, she added. Adapted from an article by Peter Walker, guardian.co.uk, 26 December 2012 I. Answer the following questions using your own words but taking into account the information in the text. (2 points: 1 point each) a. Why did Taunton school decide to teach pupils about the dangers of social media?

EDUCATION

SCHOOLS ‘EXCLUDE 10 PUPILS A DAY’ (JUNE 2006)

An average of 10 pupils a day were excluded from school in England last year, according to the Department for Education and Skills (DfES). More than 624 pupils were excluded for violence towards teachers or students, and 16,800 were suspended for cases of assault during the year. However, the department stressed that these figures, which were published last week, should be treated with caution as some local education authorities had submitted incomplete data. The real figures, it said, were likely to be higher, although the government still insisted annual exclusion rates were falling. “We believe that numbers of fixed periods exclusions, as with the number of permanent exclusions, are reducing as our behaviour policies are now taking effect. The 82 schools that face the greatest challenges are receiving intensive support from the 'behaviour improvement programme', where there has been a decrease in fixed period exclusions of 11% from the previous year”, said the DfES. In addition, 10,000 learning mentors are now helping individual pupils overcome behavioural problems in schools, and 17,000 children who are at risk of exclusion are receiving intensive support from more than 100 specialist behavioural education support teams. Rebecca Carver Saturday July 31, 2004 EducationGuardian.co.uk I. Answer the following questions using your own words but taking into account the information in the text.

1. What are the main reasons for expelling pupils from British schools? (1 point)
2. What is a mentor’s task? (1 point) II. Are the following statements True (T) or False (F)? Identify the part of the text that supports your answer by copying the exact words on the answer sheet. (1’5 point: 0'5 point each)
3. All the UK Education Authorities presented full data.
4. The number of both fixed period exclusions and permanent exclusions increases year after year.
5. The British Government has a special programme to help pupils with behavioural problems. III. Find a synonym for each of the four words below from these six options. ( 1 point:0’25 each) exclude caution support improvement mentors intensive
6. assistance
7. experienced people in schools who advise or counsel students
8. thorough, exhaustive
9. expel IV. Choose a, b, or c, in each question below. Only one choice is correct. (1’5 point: 0'5 each)
10. The number of pupils suspended for assault is… a) bigger than the number of pupils excluded for violence. b) smaller than the number of pupils excluded for violence. c) not taken into account.
11. The reason why exclusions are becoming lower is due to… a) the number of pupils and teachers.

b) violence in schools. c) the behaviour improvement programme.

3. Children who are likely to be excluded receive support from… a) more than one hundred specialists. b) more than one hundred groups of behavioural education experts. c) ten hundred learning mentors. Part B. Composition (130-150 words approximately). Choose one of the following topics. (4 points)
   1. Why do some students experience behavioural problems?
   2. What would you do to solve behavioural problems in schools? ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ OPCIÓ B : NOW TEACHERS ARE ORDERED TO SMILE AT THEIR PUPILS (SEPTEMBER 2010) A secondary school has ordered teachers to welcome children with a smile at the start of every lesson as part of a drive to hand more power to pupils. Staff have also been told to ensure they are not boring students by setting work that is too hard. The move is the latest example of a Government initiative to give pupils a major say in many aspects of their schooling, but some critics say this is putting children in charge. Yesterday the Mail revealed that 20 students at Kent secondary school were given iPhones to provide instant feedback of teachers to senior staff. In another incident, a teacher being interviewed for a job by a student panel was asked to sing Michael Jackson song “Bad”. She failed to get the job after refusing. Pupils on another interview panel voted in favour of a female candidate because she was the “prettiest”, although she was not hired. Schools Secretary Ed Balls admitted the approach used by some schools was “completely wrong”, “absurd” and “ridiculous”. “The people who are in charge are the head teachers, the governors and the teachers”, he said. “The idea that you would give out iPhones to secretly spy on teachers, that would be in my view, completely wrong”. “Any head teacher doing that needs to look hard at themselves and consider the way in which they are doing things”. But far from dismissing the practice, he added: “Some schools do ask teachers to get a report from the children about how lessons are going”. Daily Mail, Tuesday, April 6th , 2010, p. 10 I. Answer the following questions using your own words but taking into account the information in the text. (2 points: 1 point each)
4. What measures have teachers been forced to take in secondary schools?
5. Why have mobile phones been used in some schools? II. Are the following statements True (T) or False (F)? Identify the part of the text that supports your answer by copying the exact words on the answer sheet. (1’5 point: 0'5 each) a. Teachers have been told not to assign homework. b. In Kent, iPhones were given to every student.