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term exam second 2025, Apuntes de Biología

conceptos claves para la materia

Tipo: Apuntes

2024/2025

Subido el 01/04/2025

luciana-carrera
luciana-carrera 🇪🇨

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2 Term exam
Diversity of organism
What is a specie?
A living organism that shares similar characteristics with
others, they can interbreed and have fertile offspring
Population
It is a group of organisms of the same species in the same
area
Genome
All the set of genes from an organism
Organism
It is any biological system that functions as an individual life
form
Communities
Communities is a defining feature of life. Variation refers to
differences between members of a group variation can be
discrete or continuous
Evolution and speciation
Artificial selection
What are analogous and homologous structure?
Homologous structures have the same origins, but don’t
have the same function
Analogous structures are that they had different origins but
became similar because they preform the same or similar
function
Variation
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2 Term exam

Diversity of organism  What is a specie? A living organism that shares similar characteristics with others, they can interbreed and have fertile offspring  Population It is a group of organisms of the same species in the same area  Genome All the set of genes from an organism  Organism It is any biological system that functions as an individual life form  Communities Communities is a defining feature of life. Variation refers to differences between members of a group variation can be discrete or continuous Evolution and speciation  Artificial selection  What are analogous and homologous structure? Homologous structures have the same origins, but don’t have the same function Analogous structures are that they had different origins but became similar because they preform the same or similar function  Variation

 Selective and artificial breeding Selective breeding is about choosing who mates naturally. Artificial breeding involves scientific intervention in reproduction. Nucleic acids  DNA AND RNA  Karyotype

of chromosomes

 Genome All the set of genes from an organism Causes of variation: mutations, adaptations, meiosis, sexual reproduction  Chromosomes Store genetic information. Pass traits from parents to offspring. Control cell division and growth. Carbohydrates and lipids  Glycolysis

  1. Population size of a species
  2. Range of a species
  3. Diversity of species in an ecosystem
  4. Richness and evenness of biodiversity in an ecosystem
  5. Area occupied by an ecosystem
  6. Extent of degradation of an ecosystem
  7. Number of threatened species within a taxonomic group
  8. genetic diversity