BRINTON: LINGUISTICA INGLESE, Slide di Lingua Inglese

Scarica BRINTON: LINGUISTICA INGLESE e più Slide in PDF di Lingua Inglese solo su Docsity!

Università degli Studi di Napoli

L'Orientale

Corso di Lingue e Culture Comparate mod I

-Appunti di Lingua Inglese-

UNIOR 2016-

Prof.ssa Giuseppina Scotto di Carlo

Biber Douglas, Susan Conrad, Geoffrey Leech, 2002, Student Grammar of

Spoken and Written English, Harlow, Longman, (capitoli 1-8).

Conrad Susan, Douglas Biber, Geoffrey Leech, 2002, Student Grammar of

Spoken and Written English: Workbook, Harlow, Longman, (capitol 1-8)

Brinton Laurel J., 2002, The Structure of Modern English,

Amsterdam/Philadelphia, John Benjamins, (chapters 2 and 3).

Materiali su Londra

Lettore

https://

benjamins.com/sites/z.156/list/exercises sito

esercizi brinton

Linguistics and the Components of

Language

Linguistics: the study of language systems

Components: the levels of a language

Levels: Phonology, morphology, syntax,

semantics, pragmatics

IPA: International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)

Each written symbol represents one sound

Each sound is represented by one symbol

Morphology

The study of the structure or form of words of a

language

Word formation: It studies how words are

formed (prefixes, suffixes, roots, etc.)

And how they are grouped into parts of speech

(verbs, nouns, adverbs, adjectives, pronouns,

conjunctions, interjections)

Semantics

The study of how words convey a meaning.

It studies:

Lexical meanings of words- the meaning a

word has in the outside world

Grammatical meanings of words- the meaning

it has in the grammar of a sentence: A boy kicked the

ball- (boy as an agent)

Lexical semantics- the meaning of a word

Sentence semantics the meaning resulting from

the interaction of words in a sentence

Pragmatics

The study of how language is used in context.

Language depends on factors such as age , sex,

social class, etc

Ex.

I think we can forget the idea of a holiday this

year

I forgot my keys

Part 1- the Speech Sounds of English

Analyse the differences between written and

oral languages

Describe how sounds are produced through

the human speech apparatus

Learn how to describe consonants and

vowels (and how to write them in IPA)

Classify consonants and vowels

Transcribe English words into IPA

Difference between phonetics and phonology

Phonology is about the speech sounds of a

specific language (ENG)

Phonetics is about the speech sounds of

language in general

The Spoken Versus the Written Form of

Language

English spelling: discrepancy between its

orthography (how words are written) and oral

speech.

One sound is represented by several letters

(meat, meet, key, ceiling)

One letter can represent a variety of sounds

(damage, educate, picked)

Some letters are silent (lamb, right, receipt)

The Spoken Versus the Written Form of

Language

Two or more letters can represent one sound

(throne, nation, itch)

One letter can represent two or more sounds

(box)

Some sounds are not represented graphically

( universe, one)

Characteristics of Speech

1. emphasis: indicated by syllable stress in

speech and underlined in writing ( I want thát one,

not thís one .)

2. sentence type: indicated by intonation (pitch)

in speech and indicated by punctuation in writing

( He said he would help. and He said he would

help?)

3. homographs : words that are spelled the same

but pronounced differently ( sewer ‘one who

sews’/‘a conduit for sewage’)

Characteristics of Speech

4. paralanguage: tones of voice (shouting,

growling, whispering, drawling

5. variations in pronunciation resulting from

dialect or idiolect (an individual’s unique

dialect);

6. kinetics: indicated by body movement, facial

expressions, and gestures;