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CAE WRITING TIPS (PROPOSAL, REPORT AND ESSAY STRUCTURE), Schemi e mappe concettuali di Inglese

PROPOSAL STRUCTURE+ REPORT STRUCTURE +ESSAY WRITING for CAE

Tipologia: Schemi e mappe concettuali

2021/2022

Caricato il 03/02/2023

Serena.2003_
Serena.2003_ 🇮🇹

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Proposal structure:
-WHY I’M WRITING
-DESCRIBE HOW IT’S THE CURRENT SITUATION
-HOW I THINK IT WOULD BE BETTER
-MAKE MY RECOMMENDATIONS
USEFUL STRUCTURES:
Stating the purpose:
-The principal objectives of this proposal are to…
- The objective of this proposal is to…
-The purpose of this proposal is to examine/ evaluate / explain/ describe/ analyse/ present
-This proposal aims to…
- After learning about (…), I decided to put forward the following proposal in which I present…
Background information:
-At the present moment,…
-Comments made at the end of the questionnaires suggest…
-Following a survey among…
-Concerned members of the local community were invited to attend…
- A number of concern with regard to (…) were expressed by…
- The following areas for improvement can be highlighted
Making recommendations and suggestions:
- A working group should be set up by..
- There should be an enquiry into…
-It would be advantageous to…
- it is recommended that…
-Another point of the proposal is to create…
-I think it’s a great idea under many aspects…
-I recommend that a larger survey should be conducted before a final decision is reached…
Final recommendations:
- Implementation of the above ideas would result in…
-A working group should be set up by…
-The following actions ought to be performed with a view to (improving the quality of…)
- To sum up,I fully support this proposal and I believe it would result…
Report structure:
-Introduction
- 3 Subheading: give the relevant facts
- Conclusion
USEFUL STRUCTURES:
Stating the goal of the report
- The objective of this report is to compare.. and…
- The purpose of this report is to examine / evaluate / explain / describe / analyse/ present/
outline..
- This report aims to…
- It is based on a survey conducted among…
-It is the result of a discussion which took place among…
Development
- The first observation to make concerns…
- First of all,…
- Firstly,..
- Secondly,…
- Furthermore,…
- Moreover,…
- In fact,…
- Lastly,…
- Finally,…
- It has been stressed that…
- According to (the majority of respondents)…
- In spite of ( the fact that…)
- Despite ( the fact that…)
-The outlook for… is far from bright/ optimistic/ depressing/ daunting
- The future looks bleak/ remains uncertain / is promising
- This seems unlikely in the near / foreseeable future
Recommendations
- I would strongly recommend that…
- The following measures should be implemented:
- in the light of the results of the survey I would advise against…
- Given the results of the survey, I would advise for…
- I feel it would be to our advantage if…
- The best solution would be to…
- In order to improve… it is necessary to…
- This will have an impact on (noun)…
Conclusion
Provided that these recommendations are taken into consideration,
From the research one can conclude that…
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Proposal structure: -WHY I’M WRITING -DESCRIBE HOW IT’S THE CURRENT SITUATION -HOW I THINK IT WOULD BE BETTER -MAKE MY RECOMMENDATIONS USEFUL STRUCTURES: Stating the purpose: -The principal objectives of this proposal are to…

  • The objective of this proposal is to… -The purpose of this proposal is to examine/ evaluate / explain/ describe/ analyse/ present -This proposal aims to…
  • After learning about (…), I decided to put forward the following proposal in which I present… Background information: -At the present moment,… -Comments made at the end of the questionnaires suggest… -Following a survey among… -Concerned members of the local community were invited to attend…
  • A number of concern with regard to (…) were expressed by…
  • The following areas for improvement can be highlighted Making recommendations and suggestions:
  • A working group should be set up by..
  • There should be an enquiry into… -It would be advantageous to…
  • it is recommended that… -Another point of the proposal is to create… -I think it’s a great idea under many aspects… -I recommend that a larger survey should be conducted before a final decision is reached… Final recommendations:
  • Implementation of the above ideas would result in… -A working group should be set up by… -The following actions ought to be performed with a view to (improving the quality of…)
  • To sum up,I fully support this proposal and I believe it would result… Report structure: -Introduction
  • 3 Subheading: give the relevant facts
  • Conclusion USEFUL STRUCTURES: Stating the goal of the report
  • The objective of this report is to compare.. and…
  • The purpose of this report is to examine / evaluate / explain / describe / analyse/ present/ outline..
  • This report aims to…
  • It is based on a survey conducted among… -It is the result of a discussion which took place among… Development
  • The first observation to make concerns…
  • First of all,…
  • Firstly,..
  • Secondly,…
  • Furthermore,…
  • Moreover,…
  • In fact,…
  • Lastly,…
  • Finally,…
  • It has been stressed that…
  • According to (the majority of respondents)…
  • In spite of ( the fact that…)
  • Despite ( the fact that…) -The outlook for… is far from bright/ optimistic/ depressing/ daunting
  • The future looks bleak/ remains uncertain / is promising
  • This seems unlikely in the near / foreseeable future Recommendations
  • I would strongly recommend that…
  • The following measures should be implemented:
  • in the light of the results of the survey I would advise against…
  • Given the results of the survey, I would advise for…
  • I feel it would be to our advantage if…
  • The best solution would be to…
  • In order to improve… it is necessary to…
  • This will have an impact on (noun)… Conclusion Provided that these recommendations are taken into consideration, From the research one can conclude that…

Essay

• Introduction

Introduce the topic and say what you are going to talk about and capture the interest of the

reader with a question, a fact or an extreme opinion.

• 1 st paragraph

The first point from the notes (you can mix points if they are related). This should be your

main point, you must justify why it is the most important.

• 2 nd paragraph

The 2nd point from the notes, you need to link it to the first. Explain why it is of secondary

importance.

• 3 rd paragraph

This is optional and can be linked to the second paragraphs. It explains the final point and

links to the others.

• Conclusion

A summary of what you have said in the main paragraphs and make your main point. It

must be interesting and the reader should learn something from it.

Stating facts

Formal: It is certainly true that…; It is certainly the case that…; Undoubtedly…; Undeniably…; Unquestionably…

Neutral: Without a doubt…; Clearly…

Informal: Obviously…; Of course…; It goes without saying that…

Making general points

Formal: As a general rule…; For the most part…

Neutral: Generally…; In general…; In most cases…; On the whole…

Informal: Generally speaking…

Introducing supporting facts

Formal: Recent research has shown…; There is evidence to suggest…

Neutral: The latest figures suggest that…

Suggesting causes

Formal: This could be a result of…; This may be attributable to…

Neutral: This could be because…; This could/may/might be due to…

Informal: Perhaps this is because…

Making additional points

Formal: It is also the case that…; In addition…; Furthermore…; More importantly…; More significantly…

Neutral: It is also true that…; What is more…

Informal: Another reason for this could/may/might be…; Besides…; Also…; On top of this…; Another thing…

Stating results

Formal: Thus…; Consequently…; This has the effect of…

Neutral: Therefore…; As a result…; For this reason…

Informal: So…

Presenting alternative views

Formal: Nevertheless…; Nonetheless…; It can be argued that…

Neutral: Even so…; However…; On the other hand…; Despite this…

Suggesting something is not true

Formal: It is not necessarily the case that…

Neutral: It is not necessarily true that…; Not everyone agrees that…; It seems unlikely that…

Informal: It is not very likely that…

Contradicting a statement

Neutral: In actual fact…; In reality…

Writing about the present

Formal: Currently…

Neutral: Nowadays…; These days…; Recently…; In recent years…

Informal: Today…