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2025 OCR GCSE (9–1) Physical Education J587/01 Physical factors affecting performance Question paper and Marking Scheme Attached Oxford Cambridge and RSA Monday 19 May 2025 – Afternoon GCSE (9–1) Physical Education J587/01 Physical factors affecting performance Time allowed: 1 hour No extra materials are needed. Please write clearly in black ink. Do not write in the barcodes. Centre number First name(s) Last name INSTRUCTIONS • Use black ink. Candidate number • Write your answer to each question in the space provided. If you need extra space use the lined pages at the end of this booklet. The question numbers must be clearly shown. • Answer all the questions.
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Oxford Cambridge and RSA Monday 19 May 2025 – Afternoon
Time allowed: 1 hour No extra materials are needed. Please write clearly in black ink. Do not write in the barcodes. Centre number First name(s) Last name Candidate number INSTRUCTIONS
2 Define the term circumduction. Give a practical example of this movement. Definition .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... Practical example ............................................................................................................................. .......................................................................................................................................................... [2] 3 Name the acid produced in the working muscles during anaerobic exercise. ..................................................................................................................................................... [1] 4 What type of circulatory system is the heart at the centre of? Tick (3) one box next to the correct answer. double-circulatory system quadruple-circulatory system single-circulatory system triple-circulatory system [1] 5 Use a practical example from swimming to show the importance of a fast reaction time. ..................................................................................................................................................... [1] © OCR 2025 Turn over
6 Litter, lack of supervision and overcrowding are examples of hazards in a fitness centre. Identify one other hazard in a fitness centre. Explain how this hazard can cause injury during a sporting activity. Example of hazard: .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... How this hazard can cause injury: .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... [2] 7 State the role of red blood cells. ..................................................................................................................................................... [1] 8 Complete the two statements using words from the list below. clavicle gastrocnemius quadriceps scapula sternum ulna (a) Articulating bones at the shoulder joint are the humerus and ..................................................... [1] (b) Muscles found at the back of the leg are the hamstrings and ...................................................... [1] © OCR 2025
11 The graph shows the percentage of blood flow to skeletal muscle and other organs at rest and during exercise. high % blood flow low rest exercise Key other organs skeletal muscle Explain why the percentage of blood flow decreases to other organs during exercise. .......................................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................................... [1] 12 During exercise, a swimmer has a cardiac output of 7000 ml / min and an average stroke volume of 70 ml. Which one of the following is the swimmer’s heart rate during exercise? Tick (3) one box next to the correct answer. 50 bpm 75 bpm 100 bpm 125 bpm [1] 13 Describe the role of the tricuspid valve. .......................................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................................... [1] © OCR 2025
14 Name the heart chamber that receives blood from the vena cava. ..................................................................................................................................................... [1] 15 (a) Define the term tidal volume. ..................................................................................................................................................... [1] (b) State what happens to the tidal volume of a 100 m swimmer during a race. ..................................................................................................................................................... [1] 16 Describe how a weight trainer could increase intensity in their weight training programme. .......................................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................................... [1] 17 FITT is an acronym for optimising training. State the meaning of one of the letter ‘T’s in the FITT principle. ..................................................................................................................................................... [1] 18 Describe the effect of a cool down on breathing rate. .......................................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................................... [1] 19 Describe how an amateur boxer can reduce the risk of injury by giving a practical example for each of the following: Personal protective equipment .......................................................................................................................................................... Appropriate level of competition .......................................................................................................................................................... [2] © OCR 2025 Turn over
Section B 21 The image shows a gymnast performing a pike as part of a trampoline routine. (a) Name the type of movement for the gymnast in the image. At the hip joint: ................................................................................................................................. At the knee joint: .............................................................................................................................. [2] (b) Explain how the muscles at the knee joint work as an antagonistic pair to produce the movement of the knees shown in the image. .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................................... [3] © OCR 2025 Turn over
(c) Describe the following functions of the skeleton. You must apply each function to a gymnastic routine. Protection: .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... Posture: .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... Support: .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... [3] (d) Tendons are a connective tissue found at the knee. State the main role of tendons. .......................................................................................................................................................... Name one other type of connective tissue found in the knee. .......................................................................................................................................................... [2] © OCR 2025
(b) A cyclist recovers from injury and completes a 12-week fitness programme. The table shows resting heart rate, stroke volume and cardiac output before and after the 12 - week fitness training programme. Before fitness training After fitness training programme programme Resting heart rate 72 beats per minute 67 beats per minute Resting stroke volume 69.5 millilitres 82.1 millilitres Resting cardiac output 5 litres per minute 5.5 litres per minute (i) Calculate the difference shown in resting stroke volume. ..................................................................................................................................................... [1] (ii) Calculate the percentage increase in cardiac output as a result of the fitness training programme. ..................................................................................................................................................... [1] (c) Describe two long-term effects of a 12-week fitness training programme on the respiratory system. 1 ....................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... 2 ....................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... [2] (d) Give a practical example from a cycle race of the following: Aerobic exercise .......................................................................................................................................................... Anaerobic exercise .......................................................................................................................................................... [2] © OCR 2025
(a) Low-intensity exercise and stretching are the components of a cool down. Describe an example of each cool down component. Low-intensity exercise: .......................................................................................................................................................... Stretching: .......................................................................................................................................................... [2] (b) The physical benefits of a cool down include gradually lowering heart rate, breathing rate and body temperature. Describe two other physical benefits of a cool down. 1 ....................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... 2 ....................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... [2] (c)* A warm up prepares the body for exercise and can help to increase skill levels in sport. Describe the components of a warm up. Describe and apply the characteristics of skilful movement. Apply your answer to a named physical activity or sport. [6] Named physical activity or sport ...................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... © OCR 2025 Turn over
If you need extra space use these lined pages. You must write the question numbers clearly in the margin. .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. © OCR 2025
Oxford Cambridge and RSA Copyright Information OCR is committed to seeking permission to reproduce all third-party content that it uses in its assessment materials. OCR has attempted to identify and contact all copyright holders whose work is used in this paper. To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced in the OCR Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download from our public website (www.ocr.org.uk) after the live examination series. If OCR has unwittingly failed to correctly acknowledge or clear any third-party content in this assessment material, OCR will be happy to correct its mistake at the earliest possible opportunity. For queries or further information please contact The OCR Copyright Team, The Triangle Building, Shaftesbury Road, Cambridge CB2 8EA. OCR is part of Cambridge University Press & Assessment, which is itself a department of the University of Cambridge. © OCR 2025
OCR (Oxford Cambridge and RSA) is a leading UK awarding body, providing a wide range of qualifications to meet the needs of candidates of all ages and abilities. OCR qualifications include AS/A Levels, Diplomas, GCSEs, Cambridge Nationals, Cambridge Technicals, Functional Skills, Key Skills, Entry Level qualifications, NVQs and vocational qualifications in areas such as IT, business, languages, teaching/training, administration and secretarial skills. It is also responsible for developing new specifications to meet national requirements and the needs of students and teachers. OCR is a not-for-profit organisation; any surplus made is invested back into the establishment to help towards the development of qualifications and support, which keep pace with the changing needs of today’s society. This mark scheme is published as an aid to teachers and students, to indicate the requirements of the examination. It shows the basis on which marks were awarded by examiners. It does not indicate the details of the discussions which took place at an examiners’ meeting before marking commenced. All examiners are instructed that alternative correct answers and unexpected approaches in candidates’ scripts must be given marks that fairly reflect the relevant knowledge and skills demonstrated. Mark schemes should be read in conjunction with the published question papers and the report on the examination. © OCR 2025 Oxford Cambridge and RSA Examinations
