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5 th^ Grade Figurative Language
Alliteration
Alliteration is the repetition of a consonant
sound at the beginning of words.
Examples:
The sweet smell of success It’s now or never
Simile
A comparison between two unlike things
that have something in common is called a
simile. A simile always uses the words like
or as to make a comparison.
Examples:
Paul Bunyan was as strong as an ox. The forest was as quiet as a falling leaf.
Metaphor
A metaphor is a figure of speech comparing
two unlike things that have something in
common. The comparison is made without
the use of like or as.
Examples:
My voice was a cannon breaking the silence.
Her hair was silk.
Personification
Personification is giving human traits
(qualities, feelings, action, or characteristics)
to non-living objects (things, colors,
qualities, or ideas).
Examples:
The sun smiled at me as it popped up. The rain kissed my cheeks as it fell.
5 th^ Grade Figurative Language
Hyperbole
Hyperbole is exaggeration. It puts a picture into
the "reader" mind. Hyperbole is frequently used
in humorous writing. Examples:
I nearly died laughing. I tried a thousand times.
Imagery To make an imaginary world seem real, an author often makes use of words and phrases that appeal to the senses. These words and phrases, called images help a reader mentally experience what the characters in the literary selection are actually experiencing.
Sight - orange glare, green meadows,
wilted and dry willows
Smell- dusty odor of the dry Earth
Taste- a tall frosted glass of
lemonade, the bland taste of starchy bananas
Sound- crackling underbrush
Touch -hot July sun, damp jeans, tepid
water
Onomatopoeia
The use of words to imitate sounds is called
onomatopoeia.
Examples: Bang, pop, hiss, and sizzle
5 th^ Grade Figurative Language
Idioms
An idiom or idiomatic expression refers to a
construction or expression in one language
that cannot be matched or directly translated
word-for-word in another language. It is not
literal.
Examples:
She is green with envy. It’s a piece of cake.
Puns
A Pun is the humorous use of a word or
words, which are formed or sounded alike
but have different meanings, in such a way
as to play on two or more of the possible
applications; a play on words
Examples:
I used to be a transplant surgeon, but my heart just wasn't in it. What did the toy store sign say? Don't feed the animals. They are already stuffed.
Palindromes
Palindromes are words or phrases which
read the same backwards as forwards.
Examples:
Racecar go dog Was it a car or a cat I saw?
5th Grade Story Elements
Setting
The setting of a story is the place where the
story happens and the time when it happens.
The setting answers the questions of where
and when. The setting doesn’t have to be a
real time and place. It can be imaginary, like
the island, Never land, in the story of Peter
Pan.
Character
Every person or animal who takes part in the
action of a story, poem or play is called a
character. The most important characters are
called major characters. Everyone else is a
minor character.
Character Traits
A quality that a character exhibits is called a
character trait. This trait can be indicated by
the character's statements, actions, or
thoughts.
5th Grade Story Elements
Conflict in Plot
The plot is what happens, concretely, as
though it were placed on a history time line.
Conflict is essential to plot. Without
conflict there is no plot. It is the opposition
of forces which ties one incident to another
and makes the plot move.
Theme
Theme is the life lesson, meaning, moral, or
message about life or human nature that is
communicating by a literary work. Themes
are not explicit (clearly stated). Themes are
bigger than the story.
Dialogue
Dialogue is a discussion or conversation
between two or more characters.
5th Grade Dramatic Literature
Cast of Characters
A list of the characters in the play with a short
description of each.
Scenes
A subdivision of an act in a dramatic
presentation in which the setting is fixed and the
time continuous.
Acts
A large division of a full-length play, separated
from the other act or acts by an intermission
Stage Directions
The writer's instructions for performing the play.
They tell actors how to move or deliver lines.
They also describe the stage set, costumes, and
props. In the written version of a play, stage
directions are often printed in italics.
Poetry
Stanza
Two or more lines of poetry that together form one of the divisions of a poem. The stanzas of a poem are usually of the same length and follow the same pattern of meter and rhyme
Rhyme
Rhyme is the similarity in sound of the ends of words: the last stressed syllable and the following unstressed syllables (if any). Rhyme is usually a structuring device in verse.
Rhyme Scheme
When rhyming verses are arranged into stanzas, we can identify the rhyme scheme by assigning letters each rhyme, beginning with a and proceeding through the alphabet. Example: aa bb
Refrain
A line or group of lines that is repeated throughout a poem, usually after every stanza
5 th Grade Conventions
Fragments
A sentence fragment is an incomplete sentence. Some fragments are incomplete because they lack either a subject or a verb, or both. Dependent clauses —they have a subject and a verb, so they look like complete sentences, but they don't express a complete thought. Examples: Because his car was in the shop After the rain stops When you finally take the test
Run-ons
You are making a run-on when you put two complete sentences (a subject and its predicate and another subject and its predicate) together in one sentence without separating them properly. Example: My favorite Mediterranean spread is hummus it is very garlicky.
Modifier
A modifier can be an adjective, an adverb, or a phrase or clause acting as an adjective or adverb In every case, the basic principle is the same: the modifier adds information to another element in the sentence.
Verb Tenses
An action which indicated a time of occurrence
Past: Already happened Present: Is currently happening Future: Will happen in the future
5 th Grade Conventions
SIMPLE SENTENCE
A simple sentence, also called an independent clause, contains a subject and a verb, and it expresses a complete thought. Examples: Some students like to study in the mornings. Juan and Arturo play football every afternoon. Alicia goes to the library and studies every day.
COMPOUND SENTENCE
A compound sentence contains two independent clauses joined by a coordinator. The coordinators are as follows: for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so. (Helpful hint: The first letter of each of the coordinators spells FANBOYS .) Examples: I tried to speak Spanish, and my friend tried to speak English. Alejandro played football, so Maria went shopping. Alejandro played football, for Maria went
shopping.
COMPLEX SENTENCE
A complex sentence has an independent clause joined by one or more dependent clauses. A complex sentence always has a subordinator such as because, since, after, although, or when or a relative pronoun such as that, who, or which. Examples: When he handed in his homework, he forgot to give the teacher the last page. The students are studying because they have a test tomorrow. After they finished studying, they went tot the movies.
Compound Complex
A compound-complex sentence is made from two independent clauses and one or more dependent clauses. Example: Although I like to go camping, I haven't had the time to go lately, and I haven't found anyone to go with.
5 th Grade Conventions
5 th Grade Conventions
Language of the CRCT
5th Grade Text Features
Headings- Usually found at the top of the page or paragraph; usually printed in a larger or colored font; describes the topic or paragraph in a one- or two- word phrase Captions- One to two sentences that describe an illustration or photograph; usually appears underneath the picture, but sometimes above or to the side of it Labels- Often added to photographs or illustrations to provide more information to the reader Diagrams, charts, graphs, tables Used to show written or additional information in a different and simple way; provides visual appeal to a two-page spread Photographs and illustrations Adds visual appeal to the page; provides support for the written text
5 th Grade Reference Sources
Dictionary A dictionary provides information about the meaning, pronunciation, and spelling of words. Guide words appear at the top of each dictionary page. The word in the left corner is the first entry on the page and the word in the right corner is the last entry on the page. Guide words enable you to locate a word quickly.
Thesaurus A thesaurus contains synonyms for commonly used words. A thesaurus can help you precisely express your ideas when writing.
Encyclopedia An encyclopedia contains articles on a variety of subjects. The articles are written by experts on each of the subjects. In addition to articles, encyclopedias may include illustrations and diagrams, definitions of some words, and references to additional information.
Almanac An almanac is an annual single-volume reference source that contains useful facts about a wide range of topics. You can learn about countries of the world, government, historical events, and many other topics. Because almanacs are revised each year, the information is current.
5 th Grade Reference Sources
Atlas An atlas is a collection of maps. The most common atlas contains maps that show the political and physical features of countries throughout the world. A political map shows government boundaries. A physical map shows the features of the earth's surface such as mountains, deserts, and bodies of water.
Magazine A magazine is a publication issued at regular intervals, usually weekly or monthly, containing articles, stories, photographs, advertisements, and other features.
Newspaper Newspapers are a publication containing news and comment on current events, together with features and advertisements, that usually appears daily or weekly and is printed on large sheets of paper that are folded
5 th Grade Print Features
5 th Grade Computer Technology
Vocabulary
Software is the programs that run on a computer.
Memory is temporary storage space on chips in your computer.
Disk Drive is a part of the computer that operates the disks that store information.
Hard Drive is the hard disk is a round, metal platter in the hard drive of the computer; it stores large amounts of information.
