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A series of questions and answers related to the structure of the english language, focusing on phonological awareness, phonetics, and morphology. It covers key concepts like phonemes, graphemes, and the different layers of language (anglo-saxon, latin, greek). Valuable for students learning about the building blocks of language and how sounds are represented in writing.
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The melody of speech--stress, pitch, loudness, etc. - ANSWERS-Suprasegmentals QUESTION 2 Use of Language - ANSWERS-Pragmatics QUESTION 3 Domains of Language - ANSWERS-Phonology, Morphology, Syntax QUESTION 4 gn, kn, wr; vowel pairs; common, everyday words; ch, sh, th, compound words;affixing of base words are all characteristics of which Layer of Language? - ANSWERS-Anglo-Saxon Layer
roots ending in ct, pt; chameleon prefixes; c/s/t pronounced sh; affixing of roots;schwa vowel sound are all characteristics of which Layer of Language? - ANSWERS-Latin Layer QUESTION 6 initial consonant clusters rh, pt, pn, ps; medial y; combining forms; ph pronouncedf are all characteristics of which Layer of Language? - ANSWERS-Greek Layer
QUESTION 7 A consonant sound that consists of a slowly released stop followed by a fricative -ANSWERS-Affricate: /ch/, /j/
QUESTION 8 A sound produced by forcing air through the nose - ANSWERS-Nasal: /n/, /m/
Phonological Awareness - ANSWERS-sound structure of the language (skillsprogress from rhyming to syllable counting to detecting and manipulating phonemes) QUESTION 14 "How many sounds are in cheek?" is an example of: - ANSWERS-... QUESTION 15 Isolation/Identification; Blending; Segmentation; Deletion/Addition? -ANSWERS-Segmentation
QUESTION 16 "What is the first sound in lamp?" is an example of: Isolation/Identification;Blending; Segmentation; Deletion/Addition? - ANSWERS-Isolation/Identification
"What word is /m/.../a/.../t/?" is an example of: Isolation/Identification; Blending;Segmentation; Deletion/Addition? - ANSWERS-Blending
"Change the /l/ in lip to /s/" is an example of: Isolation/Identification; Blending;Segmentation; Deletion/Addition? - ANSWERS-Deletion/Addition
Instruction that connects sounds and letters - ANSWERS-Phonics Rules that determine how sounds are used in spoken language - ANSWERS-Phonology
Study of the characteristics of speech sounds - ANSWERS-Phonetics The understanding that spoken sounds are represented in print by letters -ANSWERS-Alphabetic Principle
Awareness of the overall sound structure of words - ANSWERS-PhonologicalAwareness
A variation of a speech sound - ANSWERS-Allphone
intensive phonics*** - ANSWERS-Intensive phonics refers to the early focusedemphasis on teaching and practicing sound/symbol relationships.
synthetic phonics*** - ANSWERS-explicitly teaches individual grapheme-phoneme correspondences before they are blended to form syllables or whole wordsSynthetic phonics refers to teaching individual sound/symbol relationships, then blending those learned into words alphabetic principle - ANSWERS-the understanding that spoken sounds arerepresented in print by written letters
consonant - ANSWERS-blocked / voiced or unvoiced sounds - a class of speechsounds with air flow that is constricted or obstructed
vowel - ANSWERS-open and voiced sounds - a class of open speech soundsproduced by the passage of air through an open vocal tract
phonology, morphology, syntax*** - ANSWERS-form of language phonology*** - ANSWERS-the rules that determine how sounds are used inspoken language
fluency*** - ANSWERS-reading with rapidity and automaticity prosody*** - ANSWERS-the rhythmic flow of oral reading pragmatics*** - ANSWERS-set of rules that dictate communicative behavior anduse of language, rules we communicate by
syntax*** - ANSWERS-sentence structure, grammar, usage semantics*** - ANSWERS-content of language, used to express knowledge of theworld around us
phoneme*** - ANSWERS-smallest unit of sound in a syllable spelling*** - ANSWERS-sound to symbol / phoneme to grapheme, connectgrapheme to phoneme
orthography*** - ANSWERS-the spelling of written language orthographic memory*** - ANSWERS-memory of letter patterns and wordspellings
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morphology*** - ANSWERS-the study of word formation patterns, meaningfulunits that make words
fricative - ANSWERS-a sound produced by forcing air through a narrow openingbetween the teeth or lips / f / / sh / / z /
nasal sound - ANSWERS-a sound produced by forcing air out through th nose / n // m /
continuant sound - ANSWERS-a sound prolonged in its production / m / / s / / f / stop consonant sound - ANSWERS-a sound obstructed / they must be clipped off /b / / d /
aspiration*** - ANSWERS-puff of air 1066 A.D.*** - ANSWERS-Norman invasion, great effect on English language,William the Conqueror, French spoken by upper class brought words like furniture, painter, tailor, beef, pork, mutton, Brought monks who added w and u, also the dotfor the i and tail for the j. Alphabet complete at 26 letters
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Number words one to a thousand - ANSWERS-Anglo-Saxon Most of the basic color words - ANSWERS-Anglo-Saxon The names of farm, forest and ocean animals - ANSWERS-Anglo-Saxon Outer body parts - ANSWERS-Anglo-Saxon Short, common everyday words: the, run, and, play, work - ANSWERS-Anglo-Saxon
Words with gh: laugh, cough, right, high - ANSWERS-Anglo-Saxon Words with ck: pick, duck, sack - ANSWERS-Anglo-Saxon Words with k: king, kiss, kilt, hook - ANSWERS-Anglo-Saxon Words with kn or gn in initial position: knee, knife, gnat, gnash - ANSWERS-Anglo-Saxon
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Short words with silent letters: walk, should, thumb, listen - ANSWERS-Anglo-Saxon
Wild Old Words: mind, most, kind - ANSWERS-Anglo-Saxon Most pronouns: he, she, us - ANSWERS-Anglo-Saxon Most F. S. S. words handle, thimble, twinkle - ANSWERS-Anglo-Saxon Words with hard g before e and i: gift, giddy, girl, begin - ANSWERS-Anglo-Saxon
Words with ng - ANSWERS-Anglo-Saxon Long words, three or more syllables: marvelous, fascinate - ANSWERS-Latin Words with ct: act, direct, conduct - ANSWERS-Latin Words with pt: apt, erupt, attempt - ANSWERS-Latin
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Words with ti pronounced /sh/ partial, nation - ANSWERS-Latin Words with ci pronounced /sh/ special, precious - ANSWERS-Latin Words with sion: erosion, collision - ANSWERS-Latin Words with ssion: passion, expression - ANSWERS-Latin Words with double consonants near the beginning illegal, attract, occupy -ANSWERS-Latin
Words with t pronounced /ch/: nature, punctual - ANSWERS-Latin Words with d pronounced /j/ educate, graduate - ANSWERS-Latin Words with silent initial h: hour, herb, honor - ANSWERS-Latin Words with ular: regular, popular - ANSWERS-Latin Words with j: joint, journal - ANSWERS-Latin
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Words related to Olympics: marathon, discus, meter - ANSWERS-Greek Words related to theater: comedy, tragedy, orchestra - ANSWERS-Greek Words with rh: rhyme, rhombus - ANSWERS-Greek Words with ology: biology, theology, astrology - ANSWERS-Greek Words with silent initial p: pseudonym, psychology - ANSWERS-Greek Rapid letter naming is the key to - ANSWERS-automatic word recognition decoding and encoding refer to - ANSWERS-applying the skills of analytic andsynthetic learning
recognition of the visual symbol, symbol/sound correspondence, and blendingsounds into a words are all part of - ANSWERS-decoding
Effective handwriting instruction includes teaching includes teaching -ANSWERS-the correct pencil grip and formation of each letter
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Beginning of the 20th Century - ANSWERS-Formal reading instruction was basedon "phonics" - Mc Guffey Readers.
1930 to 1960's Dick & Jane ( "Look/Say" Method ) - ANSWERS-Thought thatchildren would make more rapid progress reading if they identified whole words at a glance. Mid 50's Rudolph Flesch - ANSWERS-Started the issue of the great debate to thepublics attention on how best to teach a child to read. This came about in his book. "Why Johnny Can't Read" 1965 NICHD**** - ANSWERS-Began looking at the issue as the deemed theinability to read as a "national health issue" and began to fund research in the area of reading. 1967 "Learning to Read: The Great Debate" Jean Chall - ANSWERS-This book byJean Chall caught the attention of professionals and the government that our nation is in a reading crisis. Children are not learning to read since the look and saymethod came about.
1960's to Mid 80"s Basal Reading Programs - ANSWERS-These programs beginto drive reading instruction. 70% of American Schools bought one or more of the best selling programs.
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Medial - ANSWERS-means between initial and final V - ANSWERS-vowel C - ANSWERS-consonant Paired equivalent sounds - ANSWERS-/ch//j/ /f//v/ /p//b/ /sh//zh/ /t//d/ /k//g/ /s//z//th//th/
How are our decks aligned and why?*** - ANSWERS-Alignment of multipleresponses - according to frequency and reliability of sounds
Digraph - ANSWERS-two letters that come together to make one sound Trigraph - ANSWERS-three letters that come together to make one sound Quadrigraph - ANSWERS-four letters that come together to make one sound Diphthong - ANSWERS-two adjacent vowels that blend smoothly together
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Combinations - ANSWERS-pattern of letters which occurs frequently together Code marks - ANSWERS-breve, macron, dieresis, circumflex, tilde, cedilla, tittle,schwa: (u) in an unaccented syllable = mark in dictionary
How are our decks aligned and why?*** - ANSWERS-Alignment of multipleresponses - according to frequency and reliability of sounds
Digraph - ANSWERS-two letters that come together to make one sound Trigraph - ANSWERS-three letters that come together to make one sound Quadrigraph - ANSWERS-four letters that come together to make one sound Diphthong - ANSWERS-two adjacent vowels that blend smoothly together Combinations - ANSWERS-pattern of letters which occurs frequently together VC closed*** - ANSWERS-a syllable that ends in one or more consonants
