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Alternate Minimums and Approach Procedures, Exams of Nursing

Chamberlain College of NursingNursing

Various topics related to alternate minimums and approach procedures in aviation. It discusses concepts such as resolving ambiguity in vor navigation, the impact of acceleration during a missed approach, requirements for different types of airspace, minimum flight planning altitudes, handling of fluctuating rvr, procedures for missed approaches, monitoring of navigation aids for overlay approaches, characteristics of icing conditions, ifr position reporting, and more. Detailed information and guidance for pilots on these important operational aspects of instrument flight operations.

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 09/12/2024

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INRAT Exam Questions and Answers 2025.
1. Alternate minimums:
PA
NPA: 600' Ceig 2SM
800' Ceig 2SM
2. OBS of your VOR is set to 150* and needle is centred. The To/From meter
is unserviceable. How can you resolve the ambiguity?: Rotate the OBS 10* to
160*
Needle moves left, AC is on the TO side
Needle moves right AC is on the FROM side of the station
3. Isolated CB's are?: Individual Cells
4. ASI reads high during a climb a pitch increase results in a further increase
in the ASI reading - Why?: Pitot tube and drain hole must both be iced over.
5. Acceleration of the AC during a missed approach could cause a pilot to do
what?: Lower the nose of the AC which will degrade the required climb (Sensory
illusion of pitching up due to acceleration)
6. Exam gives you an approach plate depicts an NDB approach but it also
provides a step-down fix based on a DME (if you did not have DME, then
this lower altitude would not apply).: Question asks for what NAV equipment is
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Download Alternate Minimums and Approach Procedures and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!

INRAT Exam Questions and Answers 2025.

1. Alternate minimums: PA NPA: 600' Ceig 2SM 800' Ceig 2SM

  1. OBS of your VOR is set to 150 and needle is centred. The To/From meter is unserviceable. How can you resolve the ambiguity?:* Rotate the OBS 10* to 160* Needle moves left, AC is on the TO side Needle moves right AC is on the FROM side of the station
  2. Isolated CB's are?: Individual Cells
  3. ASI reads high during a climb a pitch increase results in a further increase in the ASI reading - Why?: Pitot tube and drain hole must both be iced over.
  4. Acceleration of the AC during a missed approach could cause a pilot to do what?: Lower the nose of the AC which will degrade the required climb (Sensory illusion of pitching up due to acceleration)
  5. Exam gives you an approach plate depicts an NDB approach but it also provides a step-down fix based on a DME (if you did not have DME, then this lower altitude would not apply).: Question asks for what NAV equipment is

required for this approach.

  • An ADF is all that is required according to the procedure title- [If you have DME then you have the advantage of the step down fix (and a lower MDA is then authorized)]
  1. What is a black dashed line on a LO Chart?: RNAV Route
  2. Define Class B airspace.: All Controlled Low Level airspace above 12,500 ASL or at and above the MEA whichever is higher
  3. Question on the minimum flight planning altitude pilots should use over the snow laden mountains of Canada during the wintertime: At least 1000' above the published MEA's
  4. From whom do you obtain a SIGMET?: Flight Service Specialist (FSS) 126.7MHz
  5. Comm failure during a SID: Read the SID chart Comm Failure Section
  6. Question on T.O. minima when RVR is fluctuating.: OK if Tower VIS is 1/2SM or Greater
  7. When the term "Approximately" is used in a NOTAM: It must be follower later by either a [R]eplacing NOTAM or a [C]ancelling NOTAM
  1. What will ATC do if you have a COM failure?: Following a COM failure, ATC will keep all other IFR traffic away from the destination airport for 30 minutes beyond your ETA
  2. Rain on the windscreen during an approach to a runway: pilot will thing the AC is higher than actual. Low approach.
  3. Exam points to the MEA of a particular airway and then proceeds to ask you what would the MRA of that airway be?: If no MRA is published, MEA = MRA
  4. You execute a missed approach at Victoria (your dest) and now divert to Nanaimo (YCD) (your alternate, which during flight planning had 1000' 3SM minima); WX at YCD has deteriorated and is now 800 and 2.5SM. Can you proceed for the approach?: Yes, the flight plan alternate minima no longer apply - Nanaimo is now your new destination. - Shoot the approach down to the published landing limits on the CAP chart for the approach you intend to fly into YCD
  5. For and Overlay approach, do you have to monitor the underlying tradition- al NavAids?: No, but it is recommended as good practice if you can. By knowing the RAIM tolerances
  6. RAIM Tolerances: EnRTE (+/- 2NM) Terminal (+/- 1NM)

Approach (+/-0.3 NM)

  1. CDI Scaling changes: EnRTE (+/- 5NM) Terminal (+/- 1NM) Approach (+/-0.3 NM)
  2. How many satellites are required for a 3D position fix?: 4 Satellites
  3. How many satellites are required for RAIM?: 5 Satellites 29. GPS stand-alone approaches will include the words ( ) on the chart heading and will appear the runway designator: RNAV (GNSS) // BEFORE
  4. Overlay approaches will have ( ) placed runway designator: (GNSS) // AFTER
  5. Can lightening detection systems detect electrical activity beyond moun- tain ranges?: Yes.
  6. RMI can reference what?: VOR and NDB signals TCAN can provide DME information only 33. AC hdg is 305. RB to an NDB is 340; you desire to intercept an outbound track from the NDB of 020M at a 30 angle. What would be the intercept heading? A) 050M*

sory visibility increases to 3/4SM or 4000RVR or RVR

40. NAV 1 CDI is centred with OBS set to 270 and a FROM indication. Intercept 330 Radial at 90* angle and track inbound. OBS = HDG = :** OBS = 150* think IBOT HDG = 60 (150-intercept angle (90))

  1. When re-setting the heading indicator with reference to the M.Compass what precautions must be taken?: Wings level Not accelerating nor decelerating
  • Minimize DIP ERROR
  1. ADF 'Night effect' error is most pronounced with frequencies and especially during hours?: HIGHER // TWILIGHT 43. What are the expected visual errors of the Night Effect Error on an ADF?- : Bearing needle swings erratically
  2. Valid and reliable localizer signal coverage extends * either side of a localizer backcourse at a distance of NM from the transmitter.: 10* // 13NM
  3. Privileges attached to a Group 4 INRAT: All multi-engine, single-engine and helicopters
  4. Privileges attached to a Group 3 INRAT: All single-engine aeroplanes
  1. Privileges attached to a Group 2 INRAT: All center-thrust, multi-engine and single-engine aeroplanes
  2. Privileges attached to a Group 1 INRAT: all aeroplanes - If the flight test was conducted in a multi-engine aeroplane
  3. What would be the recommended actions after inadvertent thunderstorm penetration?: 1) Reduce to turbulence penetration speed;
  1. Fly attitude not altitude;
  2. Maintain heading
  1. What is the power management requirement after a 45KT headwind shears to a 5KT headwind: Initially: higher than normal setting, Then: maximum power, Finally: back to normal power. 51. GFA Symbols: Thunder showers Icing Turbulence (CAT / MECH) Wind velocities 0 (32F) Temperature
  1. Be ready for Take off minima questions about fluctuating RVR: You NEED 1/2SM ground Vis
  2. What are the suggested min. flight planning altitudes over the mountains during winter: 1000' above the published MEA (to allow for Cold Corrections Calcs 58. What is the ATC procedure when the destination airports underlies con- trolled airspace?:
  3. Given a certain Va, where could you find the circling minima?: CAP Chart under Circling row. 60. Established outbound on 265, intercept 240 radial at 30* angle:**
  4. Functions of RAIM: Goo spacing between satellites and good angles between satellites and AC receiver provides best accuracy 62. What are the requirements for selecting an alternate that only offers GNSS approach:
  5. When an MRA is not published for any part of an airway what is used to determine it?: MEA = MRA if MRA is not published
  6. Explain the errors found during Pitot Blockage and static Blockage: PORC (Pitot blockage Over-Reads in a Climb) SORD (Static blockage Over-Reads in a Descent)
  1. PSR: does NOT require XPDR, CAN locate weather
  2. SSR: DOES require xpdr and does not display Weather
  3. Using an HSI to fly LOC(BC) approach you set the arrow to:: The front course bearing 68. Changes to a flight plan TAS must be communicated to ATC when they are % ( Mach) or greater?: 5% (.01Mach) or greater
  4. What provides a minimum 300' obstacle clearance?: Circling MDA
  5. How many charts are issued for one GFA? What are they? What is their validity period?: 6 // 3 Clouds and Wx & 3 Icing, Turbulence and FZLVL // 12h
  6. When are GFA's issued?: 0, 6, 12, & 18
  7. When will winds be included in a GFA?: When forecasted to be 20KTS or Greater
  8. GFA Outlook section is found on what page of the GFA's?Covers what period?: 3rd page of Clouds and Wx Chart // Covers the FOLLOWING 12h period
  9. Spacing between the isobars on a GFA = hPa: 4 hPa 75. On a METAR: REFZRA and VCSH: REFZRA = VCSH =
  10. In order to request a Contact Approach, airports must have:: a published &

not be approved within Class A or B airspace.

  1. Alcohol Consumption?: a minimum of 8h before undertaking flight duties (start of duty time)
  2. Effect of alcohol and Hypoxia?: compounds each other. Hypoxia can start as low as 6,000' ASL 1 Drink at 6,000' is the equivalent of 2 Drinks at MSL.
  3. What is happening to the pitot if the ASI Bleeds to Zero mid flight?: The ram air opening has frozen over but the drain hole remained unobstructed. **89. If pitot has a complete freeze over
  • accelerating will show what values?
  • Climbing will show what values?:** Accelerating will show no change Climbing will show an increase - as the ASI will now behave like and altimeter.
  1. Circling MINIMA: AS / Category / Cir. Rad 0 - 90KTS / A / 1.3NM 91 - 120 KTS / B / 1.5NM 121 - 140 KTS / C / 1.7NM 141 - 165 KTS / D / 2.3NM E] 4.5NM

Required obstacle clnc: 300'

  1. MEA: Minimum Enroute Altitude
  2. MOCA: Minimum Obstruction Clearance Altitude
  3. MSA: Minimum Sector Altitude
  4. AMA: Area Minimum Altitude
  5. Can ATC allow AC to descent below minimums?: NO 96. IFR - Propeller aircraft minimum fuel requirements (Alternate Required): - Alternate Req'd: Fly to > dest., app., MA., fly and land @ ALT and Fly for a period of 45 min at cruise.
  6. IFR - Propeller aircraft minimum fuel requirements (Alternate NOT Re- quired): No Alternate Req'd Fly to > dest., app., MA., fly for a period of 45 min at cruise.
  7. IFR - Turbojet aircraft minimum fuel requirements (Alternate Required): Al- ternate Req'd: Fly to > dest., app., MA., fly and land @ ALT and Fly for a period of 30 min at cruise.
  8. IFR - Turbojet aircraft minimum fuel requirements (Alternate NOT Re- quired): No Alternate Req'd Fly to > dest., app., MA., fly for a period of 30 min at cruise.

least 500' above the established minimum IFR altitude and the gnd visibility is at least 3SM The pilot reports sighting the airport or the identified preceding traffic from which the pilot is to maintain visual separation.

  1. Visual Approach Pilot Responsibilities:: Maintaining separation from traffic that pilot is instructed to follow. Adequate wake turbulence separation Navigation to the final approach Adherence to published noise abatement procedures Complying with any applicable Class F airspace restrictions
  2. During a Visual approach - Missed - approach: Specific missed approach will NOT be issued. Pilot is expected to remain clear of clouds and complete a landing as soon as possible.
  3. Convective Cloud Icing occurs:: In large cumulus and cumulonimbus clouds: heights where tep is btwn 0 and - 25*C. the rate of ice accumulation is severe over a substantial depth of cloud.
  4. Layer cloud Icing temp range:: Predominantly between 0 and - 15*C temp range
  5. Rime Icing:: Occurs when droplets are SMALL and the rate of catch is LOW
  6. Clear Icing:: Occurs when the droplets are LARGE and rate of catch is HIGH
  1. Large supercooled Water Droplets: Found in the lower levels of unstable cloud when temps are not far below freezing
  2. The amount of supercooled water droplets: Usually increases with height when temperatures are not far below freezing
  3. Thin wings icing accumulation: Catch more ice per square inch than thicker wings.
  4. During a Mixed icing environment Pilot notes the presence of an increas- ing number of ice crystals within the cloud. Intensity and type of icing that can be expected as the AC continues its flight would be:: Less intensity of icing and more towards the rime icing in type.
  5. Aircraft Speed and ice accumulation: a speed of 500 - 600 KTS is required to prevent the further accumulation of ice on the airframe.
  6. Radar Assigned AS must be maintained within +/-: 10 KTS
  7. NDB Tolerances Approach? EnRoute?: Approach +/-5* EnRoute +/-10*
  8. VOR radial accuracy for published airway radial alignment?: +/-3*
  9. Maximum Holding speed Propeller AC?: 175KTS 124. AC Speed Limit: A] Below 10,000 ASL

tional VOR / NDB NP approaches coded to be flown with GPS guidance. The word (GNSS) will be after the NDB RWY 09 identifier

134. Can GPS overlays be used during: ILS? LOC? LOC(BC)?: No, due to the approach design criteria.