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APPRENTICE LINEMAN GENERAL KNOWLEDGE
QUESTION FOR APPRENTICE LINEMAN PREPARING
FOR JOURNEYMANS ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE 310
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Apprentice Lineman General Knowledge Questions for Apprentice Lineman preparing for Journeyman's exam. The direction of flow of an induced EMF is always in which direction?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔The direction that opposes the change of current that caused it. When a conductor is moved through magnetic lines of force what happens?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔An EMF is induced A straight line drawn from the center of a circle to its outer edge is called the __________.✔✔ ANSWER✔✔radius A straight line drawn through the center of a circle that touches the circle in two places is called what?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔diameter The distance around a circle is called the __________.✔✔ ANSWER✔✔circumference
What is the formula to find the circumference of a circle?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔C = 3.14 x D Where: D = diameter of circle What is the formula to find the Area of a circle?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔A = 3.14 x R² Where: R = radius of circle To prevent a series circuit from being completely interrupted by a burn out of one lamp, __________ __________ __________ are used.✔✔ ANSWER✔✔film disk cutout What should always be done before opening a series circuit?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔Drop load and take out of service. If raising a transformer causes temporary excessive strain to the pole what should be done?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔Install a temporary guy As a rule what polarity are distribution transformers?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔Additive (below 200kVA & below 8,660 V) What protects direct burial cable from: moisture, gases, chemicals, and mechanical injury during installation?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔sheathes What are sheathes made of?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔plastic or lead
- Cold clammy skin
- Low body temperature How should shock be treated?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔1. Maintain normal body temperature
- Ensure adequate oxygen supply
- Keep warm
- Control bleeding if necessary lie down with head lower than feet
- Do not move unless necessary What are ways to control bleeding?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔Direct pressure on pressure point and in extreme cases tourniquet. What is artificial respiration?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔The forcing of air into the lungs of one who cannot breathe for himself. How deep should a gain be cut?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔1/2" Poles set on curves, corners, and strain points should be set __________ inches deeper.✔✔ ANSWER✔✔ 6 If a pole is set near an energized line what precautions should be taken?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔1. Cover with protective equipment
- Feeder holds
- Rubber gloves Wood poles are classified by their:✔✔ ANSWER✔✔1. Height
- Top circumference
- Circumference 6' from the bottom of the pole The denominator of an improper fraction is __________ than the numerator.✔✔ ANSWER✔✔smaller What materials do electrons travel freely through?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔conductor If few electrons travel freely through a material, that material is said to be an _________.✔✔ ANSWER✔✔insulator Is there such a thing as a perfect insulator?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔no The opposition to current flow through a material is called?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔resistance What is the unit of measurement of resistance?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔Ohm What is the resistance of 1000 feet of #10 copper?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔1 Ohm
What is the most common cause for lost power?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔heat How many watts are in one horsepower?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔ 746 One watt equals __________ horsepower?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔. What is a watts definition?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔The power used when one amp flows with one volt. What is the speed of light?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔186,000 miles per second What NECA district covers outside work exclusively?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔Tenth District What is a guy?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔A brace or cable fastened to strengthen a pole and to keep it in position. Aluminum has what conductivity, tensile strength, and weight of copper?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔60%, 45%, 33% One mill is equal to __________ of an inch?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔1/ How do you find the circular mil cross section area of a wire?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔Square the diameter of the wire in mills.
What is the mathematical expression for series resistance?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔Rt = R₁ + R₂ + R₃ + R₄... A circuit having only one current path is called a __________ circuit?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔series What is the formula for determining the total current in a series circuit?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔It = I₁ = I₂ = I₃ = I₄... Electrical energy is transformed into __________ when current flows through a resistor.✔✔ ANSWER✔✔heat What is the formula for power in a series circuit?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔Pt = P₁ + P₂
- P₃ +P₄... What is the formula for voltage in a parallel circuit?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔Et = E₁ = E₂ = E₃ = E₄... What is the formula for resistance in a parallel circuit?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔1/Rt = 1/R₁ + 1/R₂ + 1/R₃ + 1/R₄... What is the formula for total current in a parallel circuit?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔It = I₁ + I₂ + I₃ + I₄...
What is usually the maximum temperature the insulation in a transformer can stand?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔ 221 ° F (105° C) Why are underground transformers and their bushings hermetically sealed?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔To guard against moisture damage. What does a CSP transformer have that a conventional does not?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔1. Primary lightning arrestor
- Primary protective fuse link
- Overcurrent protection on secondary
- Overload Signal lamp
- External Operating handle for opening and closing secondary
- No load tap changer What is the formula for resistivity of a wire?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔R = (K x L) ÷ A Where: R = resistance K = specific resistance L = length of wire in feet A = circular mil area What are the specific resistance's of copper and aluminum?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔Copper (Cu) 10. Aluminum (Al) 17.
What is specific resistivity?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔The resistance of a wire one mil in diameter one foot long. A generator with only two slip rings is know as a:✔✔ ANSWER✔✔A single phase generator (alternating current). A generator equipped with a commutator delivers __________ current.✔✔ ANSWER✔✔direct What is the equivalent resistance in a magnetic circuit?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔reluctance What term represents the amount of current multiplied by the specific coil?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔Ampere-turns Name three methods used to cool transformers?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔1. Oil
- Air
- Water How many herts are used in AC in the United States?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔ 60 What are two types of instrument transformers?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔Current & Potential
What current are constant current transformers usually fixed at?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔6.6 amps Which winding on a constant current transformer is moveable, primary or secondary?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔secondary What moves the windings apart on a constant current transformer?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔magnetic repulsion What type of series street light circuit uses only one wire?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔open loop Why is filler paste injected into the sleeve?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔To prevent oxidation to the splice. Name four ways that electric shock may effect the human body?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔1. Asphyxia
- Burns
- Fibrillation
- Muscle Spasm What precaution must be taken when freeing a victim from energized lines?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔That is is deenergized
Which way does electric current flow?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔negative to positive (Electron Current Flow) ...older texts used Conventional Current Flow (positive to negative) aka: Hole Flow, Positive Current Flow Earth resistance is largely determined by what two conditions?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔1. Chemical ingredients in the soil
- Moisture present __________ percent of the resistance surrounding an electrode is within a radius of 6' to 10' from an electrode.✔✔ ANSWER✔✔ 90 Ground rods should be long enough to reach __________ moisture level of the soil?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔permanent Codes require that the resistance of a driven ground shall not exceed __________ ohms.✔✔ ANSWER✔✔ 25 Grounds for lightning arrestors should be __________ than 25 ohms.✔✔ ANSWER✔✔less What are the two types of counterpoise grounding?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔1. Continuos (parallel)
- Crowfoot (radial)
What is the maximum depth of an excavation without the use of shoring?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔4' Material and debris shall not be placed within how many inches of an open trench in which a man can work?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔18" What are the two types of underground cable?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔1. Shielded
- Non-shielded Non-shielded cable use is restricted to what voltage?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔ 7200 Aluminum conductors can be damaged by __________.✔✔ ANSWER✔✔cold flow & galvanic action On a transformer hooked single phase to obtain the higher voltage the secondary must be connected?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔series To obtain the lower voltage you must connect the secondary coil in __________ ?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔parallel What are the two types of street lighting?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔1. Multiple
- Series
A change of current in any conductor produces?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔A change in the magnetic field around it. Can a power line on one side of the road induce a voltage into a telephone circuit on the other side of the road?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔yes What should be done to prevent a deenergized line from becoming energized by induction?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔ground the deenergized line The unit of inductance is called __________ and represented by the letter __________.✔✔ ANSWER✔✔henry, L A change of current in one coil which causes a voltage to be induced into a nearby coil is called __________ ?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔mutual induction Mutual inductance of two coils can be increased by decreasing the distance between them?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔True Can mutual inductance be increased by placing them on an iron core?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔Yes Which principle does a transformer operate on?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔mutual induction
How does winding current compare with line current when transformers are connected wye?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔line current = winding current To convert an underground cable to an overhead line requires _________ and a __________.✔✔ ANSWER✔✔riser, pothead If an underground riser is low voltage it terminates in a __________ __________.✔✔ ANSWER✔✔weather head If the termination is high voltage it terminates in a _________.✔✔ ANSWER✔✔pothead Name two types of potheads?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔1. one conductor
- three conductor How is a pothead attached to the sheath of the cable?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔wiped joint or a clamping joint What is the purpose of a pothead?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔To separate conductors and to seal out water. What is another name for galvanic action?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔electrolysis
What determines how the secondary of a bank is hooked up?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔customer demands What are the formulas for finding the capacity of an open bank?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔57.7% of total closed bank, or 86.6% of remaining cans What should be hooked up first when installing a transformer on transformer bank?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔grounds and then neutral What are the three ways to sag a conductor?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔1. Dynamometer
- Timing mechanical waves with a unisagwatch
- Transit What are the four principle types of electric discharge lamps?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔1. Sodium
- Mercury vapor
- Halide
- Florescent How does an incandescent lamp work?✔✔ ANSWER✔✔A wire filament sealed in a glass tube with the air pumped out is heated by a electric current that causes it to glow, it must be heated to 5000°F
