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Chapter 1 Notes Differences between the Native American society before and after European contact: e The Native American people were very religious and did many vulgar actions for their gods before European contact, for example they would offer many human sacrifices for their gods, by cutting out the heart of a living victim who were usually conquered in a battle and held captive. Supposedly more than 5,000 people were slaughtered before European contact during ritual practices such as the crowning of an Aztec chieftain. Similarities between the Native American society before and after European contact: e Both heavily relied on agriculture and farming for food, they grew crops like corn, squash, and beans. They both relied on agriculture not just for food but trades also, trades between tribes and villages. e The gender roles, women tended crops, while men hunted, fished, gathered fuel, and cleared fields for crops and planting. Factors which led to Europe’s increased exploration and to the discovery of the New World: e Europeans and their want to have a wider world for conquest or trade, this set in motion the chain of events which led to the accidental discovery of the New World. e Europeans were driven by a desire for new discoveries like spices, silk, and drugs, leading to increased exploration and exploration. To salvage these expensive luxuries, they sought trading opportunities or their own land for farming and creating luxurious products. This led to the development of new products and trade routes. The Columbian Exchange and its results: The Columbian Exchange refers to the introduction of new goods and products to the New World by Christopher Columbus. This process involved the crossing of the Atlantic, bringing horses, sugar plants, and diseases to the New World. However, it also led to the rapid spread of deadly microbes, resulting in the deaths of up to 90% of Native Americans and their tribes in the centuries following Columbus's arrival. Significant exchanges that impacted how we live in today's day and age: The exchange of species, resources, and deadly microbes and illnesses significantly impacted our modern lives. The New World developed new foods, medicines, and transportation uses, while the Old World accumulated resources like copper, gold, and undiscovered plants like potatoes and tobacco. However, disease was a major problem during this time, causing both conquerors and conquered to get sick and die quickly due to the mass spread of deadly illnesses. The discovery of the New World is what affected Europe the most Despite constant evolution, civilizations shared similarities in social structure, gender, family wealth, and jobs. Europeans relied on agriculture for revenue, with large land holding wealth. Trade brought Europeans new ideas and inventions, such as magnetic compasses. As Europe 
