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ESPALLARDO ALLIYAH M.
BPA-2D
ART APPRECIATION
Traditional and Modern Dances. EXAMPLE OF TRADITIONAL AND MODERN DANCE Cordillera Dances - Dances reflect rituals which celebrate their daily lives a good harvest, health, peace, war, and other symbols of living. – Bontoc, Ifugao, Benguet, Apayo & Kalinga tribes Gongs, ganza. Spanish Influenced Dances - Dances reflects Christianity, and European art and culture - Jot, fandanggos, mazurka, waltzes Muslim Dances Influenced by Malay, Javanese & Middle Eastern Traders (Islam) Uses intricate hand & arm movement The fingers express feelings & emotions Uses shimmering costumes Tribal Dances - Also known as Ethnic dances; Ethnic minorities found in different parts of the Philippines (T'boli, Bilaan, Manobo, Bagobo, etc.) - Reflects rituals & animals, belief in "spirits" & shamans nature - "anito" indigenous materials Animal sounds, human singing. Rural dance – Reflects the simple life of the people in the barrio, Depicts common work, daily activities of the peasants, Performed in fiestas to honor patron saint Indigenous materials, clapping, rondalla, percussion instruments Popular Folk Dances of the Philippines Itik-Itik the steps mimic the way a duck walks, as well as the way it splashes water on its back to attract a mate. Tinikling is considered by many to be the Philippine's national dance. The dance's movements imitate the movement of the tikling bird as it walks around through tall grass and between tree branches. People perform the dance using bamboo poles.
Sayaw sa Bangko is performed on top of a narrow bench. Dancers need good balance as they go through a series of movements that include impressive acrobatics. Binasuan - is an entertaining dance that is usually performed at festive social occasions like weddings and birthdays. Dancers carefully balance three half- filled glasses of rice wine on their heads and hands as they gracefully spin and roll on the ground. Kappa Malong-Malong is a Muslim- influenced dance. The malong is a tubular garment, and the dance essentially shows the many ways it can be worn. Habanera Botolena strongly flamenco-influenced is a dance that combines Filipino and Spanish steps, and is a popular dance at weddings. It is also considered a courting dance in some situations. The Pandanggo sa Ilaw -is similar to a Spanish Fandango, but the Pandanggo is performed while balancing three oil lamps - one on the head, and one in each hand. It's a lively dance that originated on Lubang Island. The music is in 3/4 time and is usually accompanied by castanets. The Maglalatik -is a mock war dance that depicts a fight over coconut meat, a highly-prized food. The dance is broken into four parts: two devoted to the battle and two devoted to reconciling. The men of the dance wear coconut shells as part of their costumes, and they slap them in rhythm with the music. The Maglalatik is danced in the religious procession during the fiesta of Biñan as an offering to San Isidro de Labrador, the patron saint of farmers. The Kuratsa is described as a dance of courtship and is often performed at weddings and other social occasions. The dance has three parts. The couple first performs a waltz. In the second part, the music sets a faster pace as the man pursues the woman around the dance floor in a chase. To finish, the music becomes even faster as the man wins over the woman with his mating dance. The Cariñosa -is a dance made for flirting! Dancers make a number of flirtatious movements as they hide behind fans or handkerchiefs and peek out at one another. The essence of the dance is the courtship between two sweethearts. ETHNIC DANCE
Ballroom Dance - Ballroom dancing is a partnership dance where couples, using step-patterns, move rhythmically, expressing the characteristics of music. Ballroom dancing consists of two styles: the Smooth, or Standard, and the Rhythm, or Latin. The Smooth, Standard style focuses on the elegance, grace and fluidity of movement. Belly Dancing - Belly Dancing promotes balance, strength, digestion, coordination and confidence as well as being a fun and highly expressive dance form. Belly dancing is empowering and fun, but its health benefits and rewards are highly underestimated. STREET DANCE (HIPHOP) Locking and Popping - Popping and locking are unique dance moves that have a long history of influencing popular and mainstream hip hop and other dance styles Funk - Funk Styles covers the dances and styles performed by Poppers and Lockers to differentiate their styles from bboying and the other styles often grouped under the category of “street dance”. Up rock - Uprock, or Rocking, as it was referred to, also known as Rock, Rock Dance, Brooklyn Rock, Burning or Freestyle is a competitive urban street dance, performed to the beats and rhythms of soul, rock and funk music, but was mostly danced to a specific and exclusive collection of songs that contained a hard driving beat. Liquid Dance - it is a dance form that uses smooth gestures and body motions to create the illusion that the dancer's body is as movable as liquid, hence the name of the dance. The arms and hands are mostly in emphasis, though expert dancers move the entire body. Boogaloo - Boogaloo is a freestyle, improvisational street dance movement of soulful steps and robotic movements which make up the foundations of popping dance and turfing; boogaloo can incorporate illusions, restriction of muscles, stops, robot and/or wiggling.
MODERN DANCE
Modern Dance is a term that describes many types of dance techniques. It’s a category of dance styles, often referred to as a genre of dance. Many of the main styles in this genre are credited to specific choreographers who pioneered new and unique ways of moving and created new movement vocabularies based on their personal philosophies; their views of how dance functions as an artistic tool. Modern dance is a broad genre of western concert or theatrical dance which includes dance styles such as ballet, folk, ethnic, religious, and social dancing; and primarily arose out of Europe and the United States in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It was considered to have been developed as a rejection of, or rebellion against, classical ballet, and also a way to express social concerns like socioeconomic and cultural factors. Modern dance originated in the late 19th and early 20th centuries in Europe and America. It was developed as a highly expressive style of dance that challenged the structured technique of classical ballet. Pioneers such as Isadora Duncan, Loie Fuller, Ruth St. Denis, and Ted Shawn in the United States, as well as Rudolf von Laban and Mary Wigman in Germany, played significant roles in the development of modern dance. The history of modern dance is characterized by three distinct phases: the early period from 1880 to 1923, the middle period from 1923 to 1946, and the late modern dance period from 1946 to the present. Throughout its history, modern dance has evolved to incorporate various styles, movements, and trends, reflecting the changing artistic and cultural landscape. Modern dance is often considered to have emerged as a rejection of, or rebellion Modern dance is often considered to have emerged as a rejection of, or rebellion against, classical ballet, although historians have suggested that socioeconomic changes in both the United States and Europe helped to initiate shifts in the dance world. In America, increasing industrialization, the rise of a middle class (which had more disposable income and free time), and the decline of Victorian social strictures led to, among other changes, a new interest in health and physical fitness. "It was in this atmosphere that a 'new dance' was emerging as much from a rejection of social structures as from a dissatisfaction with ballet."[^ During that same period, "the champions of physical education helped to prepare the way for modern dance, and gymnastic exercises served as technical starting points for young women who longed to dance. Women's colleges began offering "aesthetic
Freedom of Movement: Unlike ballet, modern dance often rejects strict technique and embraces more natural and organic forms of movement. Emotional Expression: Modern dance places a strong emphasis on conveying emotions and narratives through movement. Dance is also an art that expresses emotions based on human body images and movements. The emotion of dance is conveyed to the audience through the softness and pose of the human body, giving the audience a powerful audiovisual impact. Innovative Choreography: Choreographers often explore new and unconventional techniques, structures, and concepts. innovative choreography is a form of dance that pushes boundaries and challenges traditional styles and techniques. It encompasses various genres such as contemporary, ballet, hip-hop, and many more. Each genre has its unique characteristics and influences that make it stand out from others. Here are some examples of innovative choreography in different genres: Use of Space: Modern dance frequently explores different levels and planes of movement, including floor work. Varied Music Choices: Music used in modern dance can range from classical scores to contemporary music, or even silence. Isadora Duncan was dance-struck as a young child in San Francisco. By the time she was six, she was teaching neighborhood children how to move like ocean waves. The strict rules of ballet and conventions of the music hall never held her interest. Indeed, throughout her life as a dancer and teacher, she rebelled against the forms and costumes of traditional dance, preferring movements based on nature and emotion. In 1895, still a teenager, she moved to Chicago and joined the Augustin Daly Company, touring from the Midwest to New York to London. While in London, she also danced solo performances at society events. Influential Figures Isadora Duncan: Considered the "mother" of modern dance, she drew inspiration from ancient Greek art and natural movements. Martha Graham: Developed the Graham technique, which emphasizes contraction and release, and made significant contributions to the emotional and dramatic potential of dance.
Merce Cunningham: Known for his avant-garde approach and collaborations with contemporary composers like John Cage. Alvin Ailey: Fused modern dance with African-American cultural expression, creating a powerful and inclusive dance style. Techniques Modern dance techniques vary widely but often include: Graham Technique: Focuses on the contraction and release of muscles. Horton Technique: Emphasizes a whole-body approach and uses flat backs, pelvic hinges, and lateral stretches. Limon Technique: Based on the principles of fall and recovery. Modern Dance Today Modern dance continues to evolve, incorporating elements from other dance forms such as hip-hop, jazz, and ballet. Contemporary dance, a descendant of modern dance, often blurs the lines between genres and explores new forms of expression and storytelling. Overall, modern dance is a dynamic and continually evolving field that celebrates innovation, diversity, and the human experience through movement. Legacy of modern dance who refused to stop dancing. Isadora Duncan and Ruth St. Denis promoted modern dance as a way of continuing their dance careers, according to their biographies. The first modern dances choreographed required no dancing en pointe or rigid adherence to ballet movement Postmodern dance made the claim that all movement was dance expression and any person was a dancer regardless of training. In this, early postmodern dance was more closely aligned with the ideologies of modernism rather than the architectural, literary and design movements of postmodernism. However, the postmodern dance movement rapidly developed to embrace the ideas of postmodernism, which rely on chance, self-referentiality, irony, and fragmentation Major characteristics of postmodern dance of the 1960s and 1970s can be attributed to its goals of questioning the process behind and reasons for dance- making while simultaneously challenging the expectations of the audience. Many dancemakers employed improvisation, spontaneous determination, and chance to
are stark differences in the choreography of Ruth St. Denis and Ted Shawn, who formed "Denishawn", in dances like "Americaine" or "Radha" and today's Pilobilus, "Symbiosis," or the Swiss dance group, Mummenschanz, whose ultra- dramatic choreography is set to modern dance movements. Compare this to the style of modern dance in the film "Holiday Inn." Note the sequence where Danny Kaye performs a modern dance routine entitled, "Choreography," a kind of spoof on the contrast between modern dance, jazz and tap dance. The movements in "Choreography" are deliberately exaggerated to show the purpose of modern dance steps and movements. Modern dancers still rely on many ballet steps as part of their choreographed modern dance routines. Modern dance is deeply embedded in ballet syllabus. Historically, modern dance began as free form style lyrical ballet among a community of professional ballet dancers Dance Introduction to Modern Dance Modern dance has many flavors. There are stark differences in the choreography of Ruth St. Denis and Ted Shawn, who formed "Denishawn", in dances like "Americaine" or "Radha" and today's Pilobilus, "Symbiosis," or the Swiss dance group, Mummenschanz, whose ultra- dramatic choreography is set to modern dance movements. Compare this to the style of modern dance in the film "Holiday Inn." Note the sequence where Danny Kaye performs a modern dance routine entitled, "Choreography," a kind of spoof on the contrast between modern dance,
jazz and tap dance. The movements in "Choreography" are deliberately exaggerated to show the purpose of modern dance steps and movements. Modern dancers still rely on many ballet steps as part of their choreographed modern dance routines. Modern dance is deeply embedded in ballet syllabus. Historically, modern dance began as free form style lyrical ballet among a community of professional ballet dancers Traditional dances are dances of indigenous communities that show cultural traits of people in specific time and place. Customs and traditions through dance steps and costumes are preserved in traditional dance. These dances are handed down from generation to generation, with fixed sets or patterns FORM OF TRADITIONAL DANCE FOLK DANCE - .A folk dance is a dance that reflects the life of the people of a certain country or region. Not all ethnic dances are folk dances. For example, ritual dances or dances of ritual origin are not considered to be folk dances. Ritual dances are usually called "religious dances" because of their purpose. Folk Dances This area classified according to geographical locations and the nature of the dances. According to geographical locations, folk dances can be national (dances with common basic movements, with slight variations) or local/regional (dances that are unique to certain localities only). According to the nature of dance, folk dances can be: occupational dances, religious or ceremonial dances; courtship dances; wedding dances; festival dances; war dances; comic dances; game dances; and social dances. ETHNIC DANCE - Ethnic Dances These are classified into two major categories:
The dances of the Non-Christian Filipinos are made up to the pagan groups and the Muslim groups. There are the dances of the christian and the lowland Filipinos, some of which are comprised of savage and vigorous or light-hearted. Other forms have neither music nor melodic accompaniment. Some examples are the dances of the aetas and that of the Muslims. The terms "ethnic" and "traditional" are used when it is required to emphasize the cultural roots of the dance. In this sense, nearly all folk dances are ethnic ones. If some dances, such as polka, cross ethnic boundaries and even cross the boundary
