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BIO 311C SATA Exam 1 2026–2027 | Complete Questions, Answers & Verified Solutions Study Gu, Exams of Biology

The University of Texas at AustinBiology

Prepare effectively for BIO 311C SATA Exam 1 with this comprehensive 2026–2027 study guide. Includes practice questions, detailed answers, verified solutions, and exam-focused review materials designed to help students master core biology concepts, reinforce course content, and improve exam performance. Ideal for revision, self-assessment, and academic success in undergraduate biology courses.

Typology: Exams

2025/2026

Available from 07/01/2026

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BIO 311C SATA Exam 1 2026–2027 Complete
Questions, Answers & 100% Verified
Solutions Study Guide
Why nstudy ncellular nand nmolecular nbiology? n- n ncorrect nanswer- nThe nconnecting
nbasis nof nall nlife nis nat nthe ncellular nand nmolecular nlevel. nDNA, nRNA, nproteins
nand nthe ncellular nmechanisms nbehind neach nof nthese nform nthe nfundamental
nbasis nof nlife. nMany nbiological nphenomena nare nbetter nunderstood nat nthe
nbiochemical nand nmolecular nlevel.
What nare nthe n8 nemergent nproperties nof nlife? n- n ncorrect nanswer- nReproduction
Growth nand nDevelopment
Order nand nStructure
Metabolism
Respiration
Response nto nenvironmental nstimuli
Adaptation nand nevolution
Autonomous nmovement
What nis na nmodel nsystem? n- n ncorrect nanswer- nBecause nthere nare nmillions nof
nliving norganisms, nand nwe ncannot nstudy neach none nindividually, nso nwe nuse
nthese nselected norganisms nto nstudy nthe nmechanisms nof nlife. nIt nis na
nrepresentative norganism nor ncell ntype nused nfor nexperiments. nThey nare neasy nto
ngrow, nmanipulate, nand nstudy.
What nare nsome ncommon nexamples nof nmodel nsystems namong nprokaryotes? n- n
ncorrect nanswer- n- nE. ncoli
- nSalmonella
What nare nsome ncommon nexamples nof nmodel nsystems namong neukaryotes n-
nplants? n- n ncorrect nanswer- n• nArabidopsis
n• nCorn
n• nRice
What nare nsome ncommon nexamples nof nmodel nsystems namong neukaryotes n-
nfungi? n- n ncorrect nanswer- n• nYeast
What nare nsome ncommon nexamples nof nmodel nsystems namong neukaryotes n-
nanimals? n- n ncorrect nanswer- n• nFruit nfly
n• nNematode
n• nMouse
n• nZebra nfish
n• nHeLa ncells n(human ncell nlines)
In nvivo n- n ncorrect nanswer- nExperiments nused nto nstudy nphysiology, necology nof
norganisms nunder nliving nconditions.
Ex: nrats, nrabbits, nplant ntissue nculture, netc.
Can nbe nholistic nor nreductionist
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Download BIO 311C SATA Exam 1 2026–2027 | Complete Questions, Answers & Verified Solutions Study Gu and more Exams Biology in PDF only on Docsity!

BIO 311C SATA Exam 1 2026–2027 Complete

Questions, Answers & 100% Verified

Solutions Study Guide

Why nstudy ncellular nand nmolecular nbiology? n- n ncorrect nanswer- nThe nconnecting nbasis nof nall nlife nis nat nthe ncellular nand nmolecular nlevel. nDNA, nRNA, nproteins nand nthe ncellular nmechanisms nbehind neach nof nthese nform nthe nfundamental nbasis nof nlife. nMany nbiological nphenomena nare nbetter nunderstood nat nthe nbiochemical nand nmolecular nlevel. What nare nthe n 8 nemergent nproperties nof nlife? n- n ncorrect nanswer- nReproduction Growth nand nDevelopment Order nand nStructure Metabolism Respiration Response nto nenvironmental nstimuli Adaptation nand nevolution Autonomous nmovement What nis na nmodel nsystem? n- n ncorrect nanswer- nBecause nthere nare nmillions nof nliving norganisms, nand nwe ncannot nstudy neach none nindividually, nso nwe nuse nthese nselected norganisms nto nstudy nthe nmechanisms nof nlife. nIt nis na nrepresentative norganism nor ncell ntype nused nfor nexperiments. nThey nare neasy nto ngrow, nmanipulate, nand nstudy. What nare nsome ncommon nexamples nof nmodel nsystems namong nprokaryotes? n- n ncorrect nanswer- n- nE. ncoli

  • nSalmonella What nare nsome ncommon nexamples nof nmodel nsystems namong neukaryotes n- nplants? n- n ncorrect nanswer- n• nArabidopsis n• nCorn n• nRice What nare nsome ncommon nexamples nof nmodel nsystems namong neukaryotes n- nfungi? n- n ncorrect nanswer- n• nYeast What nare nsome ncommon nexamples nof nmodel nsystems namong neukaryotes n- nanimals? n- n ncorrect nanswer- n• nFruit nfly n• nNematode n• nMouse n• nZebra nfish n• nHeLa ncells n(human ncell nlines) In nvivo n- n ncorrect nanswer- nExperiments nused nto nstudy nphysiology, necology nof norganisms nunder nliving nconditions. Ex: nrats, nrabbits, nplant ntissue nculture, netc. Can nbe nholistic nor nreductionist

In nvitro n- n ncorrect nanswer- nExperiments nperformed nunder nnon-living nAKA nabiotic ncondition Ex: nin na ntest ntube nwith nknown nquantities nof nchemical, nenzymes nadded, nparticular ntemperature, npH, netc. Strictly nreductionist What nis nthe nbiological nhierarchy? n- n ncorrect nanswer- nAtoms n→Molecules→Macromolecules→Parts nof ncells→Cells→Tissues→Organs→Organ nsystems→Organisms→Population→Community→Ecosystem→Biome→Biosphere Name nthe n 3 ndomains nand n 4 nkingdoms. n- n ncorrect nanswer- n1) nBacteria

  1. nArchaea 3 nEukarya n- nProtista n- nFungi n- nPlantae n- nAnimalia mass nnumber n- n ncorrect nanswer- n# nprotons n+ n# nneutrons molecular nweight n- n ncorrect nanswer- nsum nof nthe nweight nof nall natoms nin na nmolecule expressed nin nDaltons n(Da) valence n- n ncorrect nanswer- nRefers nto nan natom's nbonding ncapacity nand nis ndetermined nby nhow nmany nunpaired nvalence nelectrons nthere nare nout nof n8. Covalent nbonds n- n ncorrect nanswer- nOccur nwhen ntwo natoms nshare na npair nof nelectrons, nstronger nIMF Polar nCovalent nbonds n- n ncorrect nanswer- nUnequal nsharing nof nelectrons Ex: nH2O, nNH Non-polar nCovalent nbonds n- n ncorrect nanswer- nEqual nsharing nof nelectrons Ionic nbonds n- n ncorrect nanswer- nOccurs nwhen nthe nelectronegativity nof none natom nis ngreater nthan nthat nof nthe nadjoining natom, nthe none nwith nhigher nelectronegativity npulls nelectrons nto nits nvalence nshell nfrom nits nneighboring natom, nthereby nbecoming nan nanion. nThe natom nit ntook nthe nelectron nfrom nbecomes na ncation. nThe nionic nbonding noccurs nbecause nof nthe nattraction nbetween nthe npositive nand nnegative ncharges. H n- nbonds n- n ncorrect nanswer- nHydrogen ncovalently nattached nto none nelectronegative natom nis nattracted nto nanother nelectronegative natom. Van nder nWaals ninteractions n- n ncorrect nanswer- nTakes nplace nwhen nmolecules ninteract; nthere nare npockets nof nconstantly nchanging npositive nand nnegative ncharges. nThis ntakes nplace ndue nto nthe nchanging ndistribution nof nelectron nclouds nand nresults nin nweak nforces nof nattraction.
  • nimportant nfor nwater nuptake n( ntransport nfrom nroots n) nand nimbibition n( nwater nabsorption nby nseeds n) adhesiveness n- n ncorrect nanswer- nwater ncan nadhere nto nsurfaces
  • nimportant nfor nthe nattachment nof nwater n( nadsorption n), nwhich nleads nto nabsorption high nspecific nheat n- n ncorrect nanswer- n 1 ncal/g/C° Water ncan nabsorb nand nrelease nheat nto nstabilize nthe ntemperature nin nthe nsurrounding narea, nmaking nit nhabitable. high nheat nof nvaporization n- n ncorrect nanswer- nit ntakes nlots nof nenergy nto nevaporate nwater, nwhich nis nimportant nin nevaporative ncooling nin nanimals nand nplants nin nhot nweather. freezing nand nexpansion n- n ncorrect nanswer- nas nwater nfreezes, nit nexpands, nbecoming nless ndense; nthe nresulting nice nfloats non nthe ntop nof nthe nwater, nkeeping nwater nbelow nwarmer, nand nthus nproviding na nfavorable nenvironment nfor naquatic norganisms nduring nfreezing ncold nconditions versatile nsolvent n- n ncorrect nanswer- nwater nis nan nexcellent nsolvent nfor nall npolar nand ncharged nmolecules nbecause nof nits npolarity minerals nand nnutrients ndissolved nin nwater nare navailable nfor neasy nuptake nand ntransport nby nplants nand nanimals. medium nfor nbiochemical nreactions n- n ncorrect nanswer- nliving ncells ncontain nup nto n95% nwater nso nmany nbiochemical nreactions nin na ncell noccur nunder naqueous nconditions ingredient nof nmany nbiochemical nreactions n- n ncorrect nanswer- nmany nbiochemical nreactions nneed nwater nas na nreactant Ex: nphotosynthesis, nhydrolysis How nto nprepare nsolutions nof ndifferent nmolar nconcentrations nwhen ngiven na nmolecular nweight, npercent nweight, nvolume nsolution, netc. n- n ncorrect nanswer- nMW n(g/mol) nX nM n(mol/L) nx nL n= ng From nstock nsolution nto na ndiluted nsolution n- n ncorrect nanswer- nC1V1 n= nC2V C1 n- nconcentration nof nstock nsolution V1 n- nvolume nof nstock nsolution pH n- n ncorrect nanswer- npH n> n 7 nbase pH n= n 7 nneutral pH n< n 7 nacid Kw n- n ncorrect nanswer- nwater nconstant n= n10^- 14

As npH nincreases n- n ncorrect nanswer- n[H+] ndecreases [OH-] nincreases becomes nmore nbasic A nsolution nwith na npH nof n 4 nhas n____ nx nmore n[H+] nthat none nwith na npH nof n 6 n- n ncorrect nanswer- n 100 pK n- n ncorrect nanswer- nwhen nacid nand nbase nhave na nratio nof n1: mid npoint nof nbuffering nrange buffer n- n ncorrect nanswer- nweak nacid/base/both nsubstance nthat nminimizes npHchange nby ndonating nor naccepting nprotons example nof nacid n- n ncorrect nanswer- nstomach nacid example nof nweak nbase n- n ncorrect nanswer- nblood example nof nstrong nbase n- n ncorrect nanswer- nbleach Organic nmolecules n- n ncorrect nanswer- ncarbon hydrogen nitrogen oxygen phosphorus sulfur structural nisomer n- n ncorrect nanswer- nsame nmolecular nformula nbut ndifferent nstructures geometric nisomer n- n ncorrect nanswer- nform ndue nto ninflexibility nof ndouble nbonds nbetween ncarbons cis n- nsame ntypes nof nfunctional ngroups non nthe nsame nside trans n- nsame ntypes nof nfunctional ngroups naway nfrom neach notehr optical nisomer n- n ncorrect nanswer- nalso ncalled nenantiomers mirror nimages Functional ngroups n- n ncorrect nanswer- nhydroxyl hydroxyl n- n ncorrect nanswer- n hydroxyl n- n ncorrect nanswer- nconfers npolarity nto na nmolecule, nmaking nit nmore nsoluble nin nwater hydroxyl n- n ncorrect nanswer- nalmost nall ncarbs, nproteins, nnucleic nacids nhave nthese hydroxyl n- n ncorrect nanswer- nmolecules nwith nthese ngroups nare ncalled nalcohols carbonyl n- n ncorrect nanswer- n

methyl n- n ncorrect nanswer- n methyl n- n ncorrect nanswer- nnon-polar nfunctional ngroup methyl n- n ncorrect nanswer- naffect nthe nsolubility nof na ncompound nin naqueous nor norganic nsolutions methyl n- n ncorrect nanswer- nstrong ninfluence non nthe nbioactivity nof nthe nmolecule ninvolved methylation n- n ncorrect nanswer- nadding na nmethyl ngroup nto na nDNA nmolecule ncan nmake nit nnon-functional methylation n- n ncorrect nanswer- nthis nmakes nsomedrugs nand npesticides nmore npermeable nthrough ncell nmembranes methyl n- n ncorrect nanswer- nfound nin nalcohols, nfatty nacids, nsome namino nacids, nand nnucleotides Four nmajor ngroups nof nbiological nmolecules n- n ncorrect nanswer- ncarbohydrates lipids proteins nucleic nacids condensation nsynthesis n- n ncorrect nanswer- ncombines ntwo nmonomers nand nreleases na nwater nmolecule nby nremoving nan n-H nand n-OH ngroup synthesizes npolymers hydrolysis n- n ncorrect nanswer- nbreaks ndown npolymers ninto nmonomers nby nadding nan n-H nand n-OH ngroup nby nsplitting na nwater nmolecule hydrolysis n- n ncorrect nanswer- nimportant nfor ncatabolic nprocesses Carbohydrate nmonomers n- n ncorrect nanswer- nmonosaccharides Simple nsugars nare nmade nup nof n- n ncorrect nanswer- nC, nH, nand nO In ncarbs, nC:H:O n- n ncorrect nanswer- n1:2: Carbon nskeleton nsize nvariation n- n ncorrect nanswer- n 3 nto n 7 ncarbons Within na ncarbon nskeleton n- n ncorrect nanswer- nan n-OH ngroup nis nattached nto neach nC, nexcept nfor none nwhich nis ndouble-bonded nto nan nO n(carbonyl-CO) In naqueous nsolutions, nsugars nwith n_ nto n_ ncarbons nform na nring nstructure n- n ncorrect nanswer- n5, n 7 Monosaccharide n(sugar) nfunction n- n ncorrect nanswer- nprovides na nmajor nsource nof nenergy nfor ncells

energy nstored nin nsugars nis nharvested nby ncells nthrough nrespiration carbon nskeletons nare nused nfor nmaking nother nmolecules Disaccharide n- n ncorrect nanswer- nformed nby nenzymes nwhich ncombine ntwo nmonosaccharides nthrough nglycosidic nlinkages maltose n- n ncorrect nanswer- nglucose n+ nglucose lactose n- n ncorrect nanswer- nglucose n+ ngalactose sucrose n- n ncorrect nanswer- nglucose n+ nfructose alpha nlinkage n- n ncorrect nanswer- nif nthe n-OH ngroup nis nbelow nthe nplane nof nsugars beta nlinkage n- n ncorrect nanswer- nif nthe n-OH ngroup nis nabove nthe nplane nof nsugars polysaccharides n- n ncorrect nanswer- nlong nchains nof ncarbs storage npolysaccharides n- n ncorrect nanswer- nused nfor nenergy nutilization starch n- n ncorrect nanswer- na-1,4 nlinked nglucose, namylose nand namylopectin nin nplants; nmajor nstorage nin npotato, nrice, nwheat, nand ncorn glycogen n- n ncorrect nanswer- na-1,4 nlinked npolysaccharide stored nin nliver nand nmuscles n highly nbranched structural npolysaccharides n- n ncorrect nanswer- nused nto nbuild ncell nwalls nand nexoskeletons cellulose n- n ncorrect nanswer- nB-1,4 nlinked nglucose nmolecules plant ncell nwalls callose n- n ncorrect nanswer- nB-1,3 nlinked nglucose nmolecules formed nat nwounding nsites nin nplants chitin n- n ncorrect nanswer- nb-1,4 nlinked nN-acetyl nglucosamine exoskeletons cell nwalls nof nfungi lipids n- n ncorrect nanswer- nnon-polar hydrophobic lipid nfunctions n- n ncorrect nanswer- nstorage nof nenergy insulation nagainst nheat nloss cushioning nvital norgans n part nof nlipid nbilayer nin nbiological nmembranes