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The Zika Virus Outbreak Across International Borders, Thesis of Marketing

University of Phoenix (UOPX)Marketing

The outbreak of the Zika virus across international borders, with a focus on the South American outbreak in 2014. It provides a timeline of the spread of the virus across various countries and regions, including the first confirmed cases and the modes of transmission. The document also highlights the communicable nature of the disease and the need for community-focused nursing interventions to prevent further spread.

Typology: Thesis

2023/2024

Available from 01/12/2024

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C228
C228 KLP1 - Task 2: Community Outbreak
College of Health Professions, Western Governors University
C228: Application of Community Health and Population-Focused Nursing
C228 – Performance Assessment 2
Zika Virus
The Zika virus is a communicable disease that had an outbreak across international
borders within the last decade. Zika virus was originally discovered in Africa in the 1950s and
did not spread internationally until the 1960s. The most recent international outbreak was the
South American Zika outbreak in March 2014. On March 3, 2014, Chile confirmed the detection
of Zika virus infection in Easer Island [ CITATION Pan16 \l 1033 ]. April 29, 2015, Brazilian
authorities shared with the World Health Organization a preliminary report from the Bahia State
laboratory that samples tested positive for Zika virus but, it wasn’t until May 22, 2015, when the
first case of Zika was confirmed in Sao Paulo, Brazil. [ CITATION Pan16 \l 1033 ]. Zika virus
quickly spread across Brazil, by October 14, 2015, fourteen states of Brazil had confirmed Zika
virus infections[ CITATION Qur17 \l 1033 ]. The virus began to quickly spread across South
American countries. Cases were first confirmed in the following countries on the following dates
[ CITATION Pan16 \l 1033 ]:
Colombia, October 16, 2015
Suriname, November 2, 2015
El Salvador, November 16, 2015
Guatemala, November 25, 2015
Paraguay, November 27, 2015
Venezuela and Mexico, November 30, 2015
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C

C228 KLP1 - Task 2: Community Outbreak College of Health Professions, Western Governors University C228: Application of Community Health and Population-Focused Nursing C228 – Performance Assessment 2 Zika Virus The Zika virus is a communicable disease that had an outbreak across international borders within the last decade. Zika virus was originally discovered in Africa in the 1950s and did not spread internationally until the 1960s. The most recent international outbreak was the South American Zika outbreak in March 2014. On March 3, 2014, Chile confirmed the detection of Zika virus infection in Easer Island [ CITATION Pan16 \l 1033 ]. April 29, 2015, Brazilian authorities shared with the World Health Organization a preliminary report from the Bahia State laboratory that samples tested positive for Zika virus but, it wasn’t until May 22, 2015, when the first case of Zika was confirmed in Sao Paulo, Brazil. [ CITATION Pan16 \l 1033 ]. Zika virus quickly spread across Brazil, by October 14, 2015, fourteen states of Brazil had confirmed Zika virus infections[ CITATION Qur17 \l 1033 ]. The virus began to quickly spread across South American countries. Cases were first confirmed in the following countries on the following dates [ CITATION Pan16 \l 1033 ]: Colombia, October 16, 2015 Suriname, November 2, 2015 El Salvador, November 16, 2015 Guatemala, November 25, 2015 Paraguay, November 27, 2015 Venezuela and Mexico, November 30, 2015

United States of America, Texas, February 5, 2016 (first sexually transmitted Zika virus)

  • Panama, December 2,
  • Honduras, December 16,
  • French Guiana and Martinique, December 21,
  • Puerto Rico, USA, December 30,
  • Haiti, January 4,
  • Barbados, Ecuador, and Guyana, January 15,
  • Bolivia, January 16,
  • Dominican Republic, January 23,
  • U.S. Virgin Islands, January 25,
  • Nicaragua, January 27,
  • Curacao, January 28,
  • Costa Rica, January 29,
  • Jamaica, January 30,
  • Bonaire, February 15,
  • Aruba, February 16,
  • Trinidad and Tobago, February 18,
  • Cuba, March 16,
  • Peru, April 29,
  • Grenada, May 5,
  • Belize, May 16,
  • Argentina, May 18,
  • Canada, August 5, United States of America, Florida, July 29, 2016 (first vector-borne Zika virus)
  • Bahamas, and Cayman Islands (United Kingdom), August 10,

as soon as possible to decrease the rapid progression of GBS. The neonatal intensive care unit will need to prepare for an increase in newborns with birth defects, specifically microcephaly. The Businesses and schools could remain open during an outbreak but with considerations for providing mosquito repellants and refraining from outdoor dining. Businesses will need to prepare accordingly for an increase in demand for insect repellants, and pesticides. An outbreak of the Zika virus will likely have an impact on tourism, restaurants, and the hospitality industry may be affected as people will not travel to areas affected. Reporting Protocol In the event of a Zika virus outbreak, a reporting protocol will need to be in place. Physician offices, clinics, and emergency rooms will need to screen patients for signs and symptoms of the virus as well as obtain travel history. Patients who meet the criteria will need to be tested for the virus. If a patient is positive for the Zika virus, the local health department shall be notified. The health departments at the county level should then report to the state. The state should then report to the World Health Organization. The Zika virus is not as life-threatening as other viruses but should be reported. Strategies to Prevent Outbreak In my community of southwest Florida, an outbreak of the Zika virus could occur because the climate is ideal for mosquitos to breed year-round. Strategies to prevent an outbreak of Zika virus in my community rely on education. One strategy is to have informative commercials of the Zika virus on social media and local television stations. Information will include recommendations for the use of mosquito repellant, times of the day when mosquitos are most active, being dawn and dusk, the removal of outdoor stagnant water as it is a breeding vessel for mosquitos. A second strategy targeting the pregnant population, to place flyers in all obstetrician offices and place informative billboards on busy roadways.

References

Pan American Health Organization/ World Health Organization. (2016, April 16). Timeline of Emergence of Zika virus in the Americas. Retrieved from paho.org: https://www.paho.org/hq/index.php? option=com_content&view=article&id=11959:timeline-of- emergence-of-zika-virus-in-the- americas&Itemid=41711&lang=en Qureshi, A. I., Chinikar, S., & Shahhosseini, N. (2017). Zika Virus Disease: From Origin to Outbreak. Elsevier Science & Technology.